Amangqamuzana omzimba amangqamuzana atholakala ezicubu ezixhumene nayo yonke imizimba yethu njengengxenye yesistimu yethu yomzimba. Amangqamuzana omzimba ikakhulukazi avela ezinhlotsheni zomzimba wethu osebenzisana nezwe lethu langaphandle, njengalezo ezitholakala esikhumbeni sethu nasemaphepheni ethu okuphefumula nokugaya . Ama-mast cell angatholakala futhi ezithombeni nasezicuceni zezinhlelo zethu zokujikeleza nezinzwa.
Amangqamuzana omzimba adlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni impilo yethu ngokunikeza umugqa wokuzivikela ngokumelene nezifo .
Imisebenzi ye-Mast Cell
Ephendula ukuchazwa kwipathogen ebonakalayo, amangqamuzana amancane asusa impendulo yokuvuvukala okusheshayo kwabahlaseli abangaphandle, njengegciwane, amagciwane, kanye nama-parasites. Amangqamuzana amancane anamandla okubulala ngokuqondile lezi zilwane noma ukugqugquzela ukukhiqizwa nokukhululwa kwezinto ezizobhubhisa i-pathogen.
Ama-mast cell adlala indima evelele ekusebenziseni impendulo yokungezwani komzimba. Uma umuntu enesifo sofuzo, amangqamuzana amantshontsha ayaphendula ekukhusheni okungenabungozi njengokungathi ayingozi.
Ngaphezu kwemiphumela yabo yokuzivikela nokuzivikela komzimba, ama-mast cells nawo afaka phakathi:
- I-Homeostasis yemithwalo yegazi kanye nokusebenza kwe-bronchial
- Ukuphulukiswa kokulimala
- Ukwenziwa kwemithambo yegazi entsha
- Lawula ukusebenza kwamaseli kuwo wonke umzimba
- Umthetho wokukhula kwamathambo
I-Mast Cell Response
Ngenxa yokusongelwa okubonakalayo, amangqamuzana amancane ashukumisa ukukhululwa kwezilamukeli ezihlukahlukene zesistimu ye-immune, njenge-histamine ne-serotonin, nama-enzyme afana nama-cytokines nama-proteases.
Lezi zinto ziholela ekuphenduleni okusheshayo nokude kwesikhathi eside okuvuvukala. Ake sibheke ezinye zezimpendulo zesisindo se-mast esivamile.
Impendulo yamapheshana emathunjini
Uma sidla into ebonakala ukuthi iyingozi, amangqamuzana amancane azoqala impendulo enemiphumela elandelayo:
- Ukwedlula uketshezi oketshezi
- Ukwandisa ukukhwabanisa kwemisipha ngaphakathi ohlelweni lokugaya (kungabangela ukuhlanza noma uhudo)
- Hambisa indaba yefecal ngokushesha ngekoloni
Lezi zenzo zinengqondo, akunjalo? Umzimba uzama ukuqeda lokho okubona ukuthi kuyingozi njengoba usheshayo.
Ama-mast cells adlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni ibhalansi enempilo yama-bacterium akha ama- gut flora ethu. Njengoba amangqamuzana omzimba atholakele kuwo wonke umgogodla wamathumbu ethu, adlala indima ekubhubhiseni nasekuvikeleni imizimba yethu kunoma yikuphi amabhaktheriya e-pathogenic.
Impendulo yokuphefumula
Ama-mast cells atholakale kulo lonke uhlangothi lwamapheshana ethu okuphefumula. Ephendula i-antigen, ngokujwayelekile enye ekhonjisiwe, amangqamuzana amancane azoqala ukuphendula nge-immune okuhlanganisa:
- Ukuqedwa kwemikhumbi yethu yomoya
- Ukubamba
- Ukushaya
- Ukukhiqizwa kwe-mucus
Njengoba ungabona emiphumeleni engenhla, akumangalisi ukuthi amangqamuzana amancane ahileleke kakhulu ezimpawu zokuthi i- asthma i-allergist .
Impendulo yesikhumba
Cishe uyazi ngombono wokuthi abanye abantu bahlangabezana nemihlathi noma ukuqhuma ngokuphendula ukudla kokudla okuthile. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba ama-antigens ekudleni angena egazini ngepheshana le-GI. Njengoba zijikeleza emzimbeni zihlangana nama-mast cells atholakala ezicukheni zesikhumba.
Ukusabela okuvuvukala kwala maseli amangqamuzana kungabangela ukuvuvukala, imifantu, imfucuza kanye nenkinga engapheliyo ye- atopic dermatitis (eczema).
Amangqamuzana Omzimba Nezifo Zokugaya
Ngenxa yokuthi ama-mast cell ahlanganisa umgudu wamathumbu, futhi anikeze imiphumela yawo ngokwempendulo yegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, amangqamuzana omzimba afakiwe ekusebenzeni indima kulezi zifo ezimbili ezilandelayo zamathumbu:
Imiphumela yamangqamuzana amancane angabangela izimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ukuhamba okusheshayo kwesitembu (okuholela ekuhuleni)
- Ukwandisa uketshezi oketshezi emathunjini amakhulu (futhi kunomthelela ekuhuleni)
Ngokuthakazelisayo, izenzo zezingqamuzana ezincane zingathonywa inani lokucindezeleka ongaphansi. Kubonakala sengathi kunezokuxhumana ezimbili phakathi kwamaseli wesistimu yakho yezinzwa namaseli amancane. Ngakho izenzo ze-mast cells zingadlala indima ebalulekile ukuthi izimpawu ze-IBS zingaba zibi kakhulu ngokucindezeleka kwangaphandle.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi kunenombolo ekhuphukile yamangqamuzana amantshontsha emithinini yamathumbu wabantu abane-IBS. Ososayensi abasazi kangako ukuthi kungani kunjalo, kodwa kuyindawo ejabulisayo yokucwaninga njengoba iholela ekuthuthukiseni ukwelashwa okusha okusebenzayo kulolu daba.
Imithombo:
UKrystel-Whittemore, M. "I-Mast Cell: I-Multi-Functional Master Cell" Imingcele e-Immunology 2015 6: 620.
Philpott, H., Gibson, P. & Thien, F. "I-irritable bowel syndrome - Isifo sokuvuvukala esibandakanya amangqamuzana omzimba" i- Asia Pacific Ukuzivocavoca 2011 1: 36-42.
Ramsay, D., et. al. "Amangqamuzana Amasosha Ezifo Zezinsipho" I- Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2010 6: 772-777.
I-Urb, M. & Sheppard, D. "Indima Yezinhlamvu Ezinkulu Ekuvikeleni Ngezifo Eziphilayo" I-PloS Pathogens 2012 8: e1002619.