Izimpawu zokukhubazeka kwamaHormonal zingase zihluke Kulabo Abesifazane
Lapho abantu becabanga ngesifo se- thyroid , ngokuvamile babecabanga ukuthi kuyisifo esithinta abesifazane. Futhi, kuyilapho kuyiqiniso ukuthi abesifazane banamathuba angaphezu kuka-8 no-10 amathuba okuthinteka, njengabantu abaningi abayizigidi ezimbili e-United States bakholelwa ukuthi bahlala nesimo esithile sesifo.
Kulawa, kulinganiselwa ukuthi amaphesenti angama-60 azofika engatholakali, kusho i-American Thyroid Association, ngenxa yokuthi abantu bayabheka njengesifo "sesifazane."
Kodwa lokho kuyingxenye yenkinga kuphela. Nakuba izimbangela nokuqhubeka kwesifo se-thyroid zifana nabesilisa nabesifazane, kunezibonakaliso ezihlukile kubantu abavame ukuphuthelwa noma ukuxoshwa kabi, okwenza kube nzima ukuthola umsebenzi wokuxilongwa.
Ukuqonda Izifo Ze-Thyroid
I- gland yegciwane iyilungu elincane elenziwe nge-butterfly elisephambi kwentamo yakho ngemuva kwesipula sika-Adam. Naphezu kobukhulu bayo obukhulu, i-gland gland ibhekene nemisebenzi eminingi yomzimba ebalulekile.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-gland yegciwane ukufihla ama-hormone engxenyeni yegazi okuyinto eqhutshwa kumaseli omzimba. Ama-hormone asiza umzimba ukuthi usebenzise amandla, ulawule ukushisa komzimba, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi inhliziyo, ubuchopho, imisipha nezinye izitho zisebenza kahle.
Eqinisweni, zonke izinto eziphilayo zomzimba zixhomeke kumahomoni we-thyroid, kusukela ekukhuleni kwezinwele zakho nezipikili ekuya ocansini yakho.
Ngakho-ke, kunesizathu sokuthi ukungalingani kungabangela ukuthi lezi zinhlelo zingasebenzi kahle, ngokubeka amabhuleki ngendlela abasebenza ngayo noma ukuwakhahlela.
I-gland yegciwane isebenza ngokuthola i-iodine emithonjeni yezinto ezidliwayo bese iguqula ibe yizingqimba zokwakha amahomoni. I-hormone ye-thyroid eyinhloko iyaziwa ngokuthi i-triiodothyronine (T3) ne-thyroxine (T4).
Izinga lawo amahomoni akhiqizwa ngalo ikakhulukazi anqunywa yi- pituitary gland . Indima ye-pituitary gland ukubona inani le-T3 ne-T4 elijikeleza egazini. Uma ziphansi kakhulu, i-gland izosungula i-hormone eyaziwa ngokuthi i-hormone ye -roid evuselela i-hormone (TSH) ukuze ibonise ukuthi igciwane le-thyroid likhiqiza ngaphezulu.
Noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kulesi sikhwama se-hormonal-noma ngenxa yesifo, isifo se-autoimmune, noma ezinye izimbangela-kungabangela igciwane le-thyroid ukuthi likhiqize amahomoni amaningi ( hyperthyroidism ) noma amancane kakhulu ( hypothyroidism ).
Hyperthyroidism kubantu
I-Hyperthyroidism yisimo lapho i-gland yegciwane ikhiqiza kakhulu iT3, T4, noma kokubili. Kukhona izimbangela eziningi ezihlukene zalokhu. Oyinhloko phakathi kwabo yi- Graves disease , isifo esizimele esisodwa lapho isimiso somzimba samasosha omzimba sikhiqiza i-antibody esenza i-gland igxile kakhulu.
Izifo zamathuna zigijima kakhulu emindenini futhi kuthiwa zithinta umuntu ngamunye kubantu abangu-200 e-United States, ngokuvamile abantu abadala abangaphezu kuka-40.
Ezinye izimbangela ze-hyperthyroidism emadodeni zihlanganisa:
- I-Thyroiditis (ukuvuvukala kwe-thyroid) eyenza i-T3 ne-T4 ibe "ukuvuza" kwe-gland yegciwane
- Isisu esinomsoco we-thyroid noma i-pituitary gland
- Isisu esinomzimba samathambo
- Umdlavuza we-Testicular
- Ukudla ngokweqile kwe-iodine
- Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-T4-containing containing often used by bodybuilders ukusheshisa izinga lokunciphisa umzimba ukuze uthole "ukusika,
Amadoda anesifo se-hyperthyroidism azohlanganyela izimpawu eziningi zesifo njengabesifazane. Bangase bazizwe benemfudumalo noma efudumele ngendlela yokushisa ekamelweni. Ukukhula kwabo ngokwemvelo kungaholela ekuguqulweni kwesifiso sokudla noma ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungazelelwe. Ukwesaba, ukujula, ukukhathala, ukulahlekelwa ukuhlushwa, nokuthuthumela kwezandla kuvamile. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lizokwandiswa futhi libhekwe njengento yokugwinya noma ukuqhuma emathunjini.
Esinye sezibonakaliso ezitshelayo yi- proptosis , noma ukugqama kwamehlo kuhloswe kakhulu nezifo ze-Graves. Noma yikuphi okuvela ngamaphesenti angama-25 kuya kuma-50 amaphesenti abesifazane nabesilisa bayothola lesi sibonakaliso se-hyperthyroid, okubangelwa ukuqoqwa kwamaseli omzimba emzimbeni.
Ukukhubazeka Kwesilisa Ngokobulili Emzimbeni We-Hyperthyroid
Kodwa-ke, kukhona izimpawu eziningana eziqondene namadoda. Lokhu kuhlanganisa i-gynecomastia, ukukhuliswa okungavamile kwamathambo webele okuvame ukubonakala kumadoda amadala kodwa kungavela ngaphambi kwamadoda ane-hyperthyroidism.
Esinye isibonakaliso sokutshengisa ukukhubazeka ngokocansi . Ngaphezu kwe-libido ephansi, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile kuyinkinga evamile kubantu abanesifo se-hyperthyroid. Ukubuyekezwa kwe-2012 kusuka e-Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit eYunivesithi yaseFlorence e-Italy kuhlolisisa izifundo okwenziwa ngazo amadoda angama-6,573. Amadoda atholakala njenge-hyperthyroid (ane-TSH ephansi namanqanaba aphakeme e-T4) abonakala sengathi ayengozini enkulu yokwehluleka okukhulu kwe-erectile.
Ngisho nangemva kokulungisa izici ezifana nobudala, ukubhema, ukukhuluphala, namazinga aphansi e-testosterone, amadoda anesifo se-hyperthyroidism ayengenani elingaphezu kokuphindwe kabili uma kuqhathaniswa namadoda anezinga elijwayelekile le-TSH / T4. Okwenza lokhu kwenzeke kusacacile.
Isifo se-Hypothyroid kubantu
I-Hypothyroidism ivela lapho umzimba wakho ungakhiqiza ama-hormone e-thyroid okwanele. Kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nolunye uhlobo lwe-autoimmune disorder eyaziwa ngokuthi isifo sikaHashimoto , lapho isimiso somzimba samasosha omzimba sihlasela ngokuqondile igciwane le-thyroid.
Isifo sikaHashimoto sibangelwa i-thyroiditis (ukuvuvukala kwegciwane le-thyroid) okuqala ekukhuphukeni kwamahomoni wegciwane. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kulimaza igciwane le-thyroid lapho lingakwazi ukukhiqiza i-T3 ne-T4.
Njengesifo se-Graves, iHashimoto ikakhulukazi isifo esizuzwe njengefa esivela emindenini futhi kuthiwa sithinta abantu abayizigidi ezingu-14 e-United States, ikakhulukazi phakathi kweminyaka engama-40 no-60.
Ezinye izimbangela ze-hypothyroidism emadodeni zihlanganisa:
- Ukwelashwa kwezifo ze-hyperthyroid (kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa kwe-radioiodine ) okungenza ngezinye izikhathi igciwane le-thyroid livale ngokuphelele
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-thyroid okuhilela ukususwa kweminye noma yonke ingqungquthela
- Imisebe ye-Beam evame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza wekhanda nentamo
- Ukukhubazeka okubangelwa yi-congenital ye-gland yegciwane
- Imithi ethile efana ne-lithium, i-amiodarone (esetshenziselwa ukuphatha ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile), ne-interferon alpha (esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ezinye ze-khansa)
Amadoda ane-hypothyroidism azothola izimpawu eziningi zesifo njengabesifazane. Bangase babekezelele kancane kubanda futhi bazizwe befudumele ngisho nasendlini efudumele. Ukukhathala, ukuqothulwa, ukucindezeleka, nokwesaba konke kuvamile. Kungase kube nokuzikhukhumeza kwezingalo, imilenze, izandla, izinyawo, nobuso kanye nokwandiswa okungavamile kwegciwane le-thyroid (elibizwa ngokuthi i-goiter).
Ukukhubazeka ngokobulili ku-Hypothyroid Disease
Ngokuphathelene nezimpawu ezihlobene ngqo nabesilisa, i-hypothyroidism ivame ukuxhunyaniswa nokulahlekelwa kwemisipha kanye namandla kunokuba inzuzo yesisindo ibonakale kwabesifazane.
I-Hypothyroidism ingabuye yandisa ingozi yokungabi nabesilisa. Eqinisweni, ucwaningo luboniswa kanjani ukuthi amadoda anezinsizakalo ezincane ze-thyroid ajwayele ukuba nekhwalithi yesilisa empofu, ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda esincane, kanye ne-sperm motility encane.
Lokhu kukholelwa ukuthi kubangelwa okungenani ingxenye, nge-hormone eyaziwa ngokuthi i- prolactin efihliwe yi-pituitary gland kanye ne-TSH. Njengoba ukukhishwa kwe-TSH kwanda kumadoda e-hypothyroid, ngakho-ke, i-prolactin. Lokhu kungaphezulu kungabangela ukwehla okunamandla emazingeni e-testosterone, okungathi nawo angathinta ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda, ukushayela ucansi, ngisho nokuthuthukiswa komzimba.
Umthelela we-hypothyroidism kuma-androgens (ama-hormone wesilisa) nawo ubonakala ehlanganiswe ngokuqinile ne-erectile ukungasebenzi, yize indlela eqondile yalokhu ihlala ingacacile. Ngokungafani ne-hyperthyroidism, lapho ukwehla kwe-TSH nokunyuka ku-T4 kuhlobene ngokuqondile nobunzima bokuhlela, akukho ukuxhumeka okucacile kusungulwe kwamadoda ane-hypothyroid.
Njengoba kukhulunywa lokho, isifundo se-2008 esanyatheliswa kuyi-Journal of Clinical Endocrinology kanye ne-Metabolism sathi amadoda asebenzi be-thyroid ayenamazinga aphakeme kakhulu okungahlosi kahle kwe-erectile kunamadoda aphezulu (amaphesenti angama-85 kuya kuma-71 amaphesenti, ngokulandelana) futhi izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesithathu isilinganiso kubonakala emadodeni anomsebenzi ovamile we-thyroid (amaphesenti angu-25).
Ucwaningo olufanayo lwabonisa ukuthi, uma umsebenzi we-thyroid ubuyiselwa ngemithi, izinga lokungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile kwakungalingani nalokho okujwayelekile kwabantu.
Izinselele ekuHlangeni
Nakuba ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwesifo se-thyroid kungefani namadoda njengoba kunjalo nabesifazane, kusekhona igalelo elikhulu ekufinyeleleni amadoda abathintekile yi-disorder.
Ngesikhathi abesifazane bevame ukuhlolwa ngezinkinga ze-thyroid uma behambisa ngezimpawu, odokotela bavame ukubheka i-thyroid uma bebhekene nezibonakaliso ezifanayo emadodeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba eziningi zezimpawu zikhona futhi zenzeka ngokuyinhloko emadodeni angaphezu kuka-40, odokotela bavame ukuveza izimo ezinjengokungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile, izinkinga zesisindo, nokulahlekelwa amandla kuze kube yiminyaka.
Ngisho noma isifo se-thyroid sisolakala ukuthi, odokotela bavame ukuhluleka ukulawula iphaneli elibanzi lokuhlolwa, kufaka phakathi i-TSH, yamahhala kanye nenani eliphelele le-T3, i-T4 yamahhala futhi yamahhala, kanye nebhethri yezinye izivivinyo ezibalulekile. Ngaphandle kwazo zonke lezi zivivinyo, udokotela uzoba nombono omncane kulokho okungenzeka noma okungenakuqhubeka. Eqinisweni, ngaphandle kwephaneli ephelele, ukuhlolwa kungabuya "okuvamile" futhi kungabikho neze isifo segilo ngisho nasemadodeni abonakala egula.
Ngokuphefumula okufanayo, amadoda avame ukunganqikazi noma amahloni ukuhlanganyela uhla lwabo olugcwele lwezimpawu nodokotela babo, egxila kulabo abonakala kakhulu noma abayinkinga. Ngetulu kwaloko, abesilisa bavame ukushiya lokho abakuthinta ngokomzwelo, ngenxa yokuthi bangase bangazi ukuthi ama-hormone angathinta kanjani imizwa, imemori, nokusebenza kwengqondo .
Ngenxa yalokhu, odokotela bazothola ingxenye yesithombe bese bengakwazi ukuhlanganisa ndawonye izinkomba ezidingekayo ukuqondisa ukuxilongwa.
Ongakwenza
Ngaphandle kokunciphisa okuncane, kunezinkomba ezimbalwa eziqinile kanzima zesifo segciwane emadodeni. Ngenkathi izimpawu ezifana ne-goiter kanye ne-proptosis zingakukhomba ngendlela efanele, kaningi kunokuba izibonakaliso nezimpawu zizobe zingacacile futhi ezingekho ngqo.
Isici esiyinhloko sesifo segciwane ukuthi ngokuvamile-kodwa hhayi njalo-okuqhubekayo. Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhubazeka kwegciwane kungathinta izitho eziningi zomzimba, kubalulekile ukuqaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingase zibe nazo. Ngenkathi kuvame ukufakazela ukuthi lezi zinguquko zikhula, amadoda amaningi angaqonda uma isimo singavamile, asinangqondo, noma siqhubeka sibi kakhulu.
Uma nganoma yisiphi isizathu usola ukuthi unesifo se-thyroid, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho zonke izibonakaliso zakho bese ucela ngqo uma isifo segciwane singase sibe imbangela. Uma kudingekile, ungacela ukudluliselwa ku- endocrinologist eqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ezifweni zegciwane le-thyroid.
Ngaphezu kwephaneli ephelele ye-thyroid, buza ukuthi ngabe ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kakhulu okubizwa ngokuthi i- TRH yokuvivinya ukuhlolwa kungase kufakwe. Ukuhlolwa okubizayo, okufana nomqondo wokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka komzimba, kodwa kungenye yezindlela ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu zokuxilongwa namuhla.
Ngokuthola ukuthi utholakale ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ungathola ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokuba kube nezinkinga ezinkulu. Ukwelashwa kwe-thyroid namuhla kulula kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili futhi kungabandakanya imithi, ukudla kanye nezinguquko endleleni yokuphila. Uma kuhlinzekwa ukuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa kwe-radioiodine, ukuxilongwa kokuqala cishe kuhlotshaniswa njalo nempumelelo enkulu yokwelapha.
Iphuzu eliyinhloko akulona ukuhlupheka ngokuthula. Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluphathelene nezokwelapha noma ulwazi mayelana nezinsiza zokwelapha endaweni yakho, sebenzisa indawo ye-inthanethi etholakala yi-American Thyroid Association noma uthintane ne-American Board of Medical Specialties mahhala mahhala ngo-866-275-2267.
> Imithombo:
> I-American American Thyroid Izifo. "Ukuvama nokuthinta izifo ze-thyroid." I-Fall Church, eVirginia; ibuyekeziwe ngo-Okthoba 2017.
> Corona, G .; I-Wu, F .; I-Forti, G. et al. "Amahomoni wegciwane kanye nomsebenzi wesilisa ocansini." Int J Androl. 2012; 35 (5): 668-79. I-DOI: 10.1111 / j.1365-2605.2012.01266.x.
> Krajewska-Kulak, E. no-Sengupta, P. "Umsebenzi we-Thyroid ku-Inferential Male." I-Endocrinol yangaphambili. 2013; 4: 174. I-DOI: 10.3389 / fendo.2013.00174.
> Krassas, G .; I-Tziomalos, K .; Papadopoulou, R. et al. "Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Erectile kuziguli ezine-hyper-and hypothyroidism: kujwayelekile kangakanani futhi kufanele siphathe?" J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008; 93 (5): 1815-9. I-DOI: 10.1210 / jc.2007-2259.