Ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuthola ukutheleleka kwe-salmonella kungakusindisa wena nomndeni wakho ekubeni omunye wabantu abayizigidi ezingu-1.2 e-United States abaphethe lesi sifo unyaka ngamunye. Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kubaluleke kakhulu kulabo abasengozini enkulu yokugula okunzima, kubandakanya izingane ezincane, asebekhulile, nalabo abanamasosha omzimba obuthakathaka .
Ngenkathi abantu abaningi bethola isifo sohudo esiqhuba izifundo zabo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, cishe abantu abangaba ngu-450 bafa minyaka yonke kusukela ku-salmonellosis enzima.
Ama-bacteria aphethwe yi-salmonella asakazwa ukudla okungcolile futhi ngokuphatha izilwane ezithwala emanzini abo. Ayikho imithi ye-salmonella futhi ungabamba ukugula izikhathi eziningi, ngakho kubalulekile ukugwema ukuxhumana nama-bacterium.
Ukuthutha
I-Salmonellosis yisifo esihlanganisa isifo sohudo, umkhuhlane, nesisu esiswini. Ama-bacteria asakazeka emanzini. Abanye abantu baphilile kodwa bayithwala amabhaktheriya. Sebenzisa lawa macebiso ukuze unganiki i-salmonella kwabanye noma uwuthole kubo :
- Geza izandla zakho njalo emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, ukushintsha ama-diapers, nangaphambi kokulungiselela ukudla.
- Umuntu onayo i-salmonellosis akufanele alungise ukudla noma uthele amanzi kwabanye kuze kube yilapho engenazo izimpawu zamahora angu-48.
- Umuntu onayo i-salmonellosis akufanele abuyele emsebenzini , ukunakekelwa kwezingane, noma isikole kuze kube yilapho engenazo izimpawu zamahora angu-48.
- Ungabubi ukubhukuda uma unesifo sohudo emahoreni angu-24 adlule.
Ukulungiselela Ukudla Nokuphatha
Kunezinqubo eziningi zokuphatha ukudla okuhlose ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-salmonella ekudleni. Le mikhuba ibalulekile ngenkathi idla, ukupheka ekhaya, nokulungisa ukudla ezindaweni zokudla.
Hlanza
- Geza izandla zakho ngaphambi nangemva kokusingatha izinto zokudla.
- Geza izisebenzi zomkhishi nezitsha kanye nesepha namanzi emva kokulungisa into ngayinye yokudla.
- Kungcono ukusebenzisa amathawula wephepha ahlanzekile ukuhlanza izakhiwo zekhishi kunamapulisi noma amathawula endwangu. Uma usebenzisa amathawula endwangu, kufanele ahlanzwe emanzini ashisayo emshinini wokuwasha emva kokusetshenziswa komunye.
- Hlanza ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokudla.
- Faka ikhasi bese ulahla amaqabunga angaphandle noma izintambo zezithelo nemifino.
- Hlanganisa imifino enhle, njengezambatho namaqathe, uma ufuna ukudla isikhumba.
Ahluke
- Lapho uthengisa, gcina inyama eluhlaza, izinkukhu nezilwane zasolwandle ezihlukile kwezinye izinto. Zigcine ngokwehlukana esiqandisini.
- Ngemuva kokuxhumana nenyama eluhlaza noma izinkukhu, geza izandla, izisebenzi zekhishi, izitsha, amapuleti, izitsha, njll nesepha kanye namanzi ngokushesha. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungasebenzisi izitsha ezingahlanjululwa nezinye izinto zokudla ezizokhishwa ngaphandle kokuphuzwa noma inyama uma seziphekwe.
- Kungcono ukuba nezinhlaka zokusika ezihlukene ezikhethwe inyama eluhlaza kanye nemikhiqizo njengoba ukuhlanza kungasusi yonke ibhaktheriya.
- Ungasebenzi nezinkukhu noma inyama bese uphatha usana (isb., Feed, shintsha i-diaper) ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Pheka
- Izinkukhu zokupheka, inyama yenkomo, namaqanda kahle ngaphambi kokudla. Ungadli noma uphuze ukudla okuqukethe amaqanda aluhlaza noma ubisi obuhlaza obungasetshenziswanga. Amaqanda amaqanda angabonakali ekudleni okufana ne-homemade hollandaise sauce, izingubo zokugqoka ezenziwe nge-salad, i-tiramisu, i-ayisikhilimu eyenziwe ngokwabo, imayonnaise eyenziwe ngokwabo, i-cookie inhlama, ama-eggnog, nama-frostings.
- Uma ukhishwa inyama engasikiwe, izinkukhu noma amaqanda endaweni yokudlela, unganqikazi ukuyibuyisela ekhishini ukuze uphinde upheke. Izinkukhu kanye nenyama, kufaka phakathi ama-hamburger, kufanele ziphekwe kahle, hhayi phakathi phakathi.
Hlala
- Gcina iziqandisisi zihlanzekile futhi zibandayo (40 F noma ngezansi eziqandisini).
- Ukumboza nomkhiqizo wefriji usukile.
- Funda futhi ulandele imiyalelo yelebuli efana ne-"Keep Keep Friji" noma "Sebenzisa By" (usuku oluthile).
- Gcina izithelo ze-saladi ezilungiselelwe noma ezinye izinto zokusika eziqandisini kuze kube yilapho nje ukhonza. Lahla ukukhiqizwa izinto uma zikhishwe efrijini isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora amane.
Jikelele
- Ubisi lomama yikudla okuphephile kwezinsana ezisencane. Ukubeletha kuvimbela i-salmonellosis nezinye izinkinga eziningi zempilo. Geza izandla zakho ngaphambi kokuncelisa ingane yakho.
- Ungaphuzi amanzi angaphathwa kabi angangcoliswa yilawa mafutha.
Ukuxhumana Nezilwane Nezilwane Zezilwane
Nakuba izilwane zingadlulisela i-salmonella kunoma ubani, kunezinhlangano ezisengozini ephakeme futhi kufanele zigweme noma yikuphi ukuxhumana nezilwane ngokuvamile eziphethe amabhaktheriya. Lawa maqembu ahlanganisa izinsana, izingane ezineminyaka engama-5 nangaphansi, abantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65, nabantu abaye banciphisa amandla omzimba (i-HIV / AIDS, i-chemotherapy, abamukeli be-organ transplant).
Izilwane ezisengozini kakhulu ziyizilwane ezinwabuzelayo (ama-turtles, iguana, ezinye izilonda, izinyoka), ama-amphibians (amaxoxo, ama-salamanders), nezinkukhu eziphilayo (izinkukhu, amadada, amahansi, ama-turkeys).
Ezinye izilwane ezingase zithumele i-salmonella zihlanganisa izinyoni zezilwane, izintambo (ama-hamsters, izingulube zezinyane, amagundane, izinja), ama-hedgehogs, izilwane zasemapulazini, izinja, amakati, namahhashi. Ama-bacteria atholakale kakhulu emanzini abo, kepha ubumnandi bawo, izimpaphe, ukulala, amathoyizi, ukudla, abahlinzeki, amakheji, noma izivalo zizophinde zibeke amagciwane. Lezi zilwane zingaba nempilo enhle futhi zithwale amabhaktheriya.
Sebenzisa lezi zeluleko ukunciphisa ingozi yakho futhi uvikele abantu emaqenjini aphezulu:
- Geza izandla zakho nge-sese namanzi ngemuva kokuxhumana noma izilwane, izikhonkwane zazo, noma indwangu yabo. Nakuba lokhu kusebenza kunoma yisiphi isilwane noma isilwane, kuyinto ekhathazeka ngokukhethekile nezilwane ezihuquzelayo, ama-amphibians, noma izinyoni.
- Abantu abasemaqenjini aphezulu kufanele bagweme ukuxhumana okuqondile noma okungaqondile nezilwane ezihuquzelayo, ama-amphibians, nezinkukhu eziphilayo. Lezi zilwane akufanele zigcinwe njengezilwane ezifuywayo emakhaya anamalungu emaqenjini aphezulu, noma ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwamasuku, izindawo zokunakekela abadala noma izikhungo zezokwelapha.
- Ungavumeli izilwane ezinobungozi ezindaweni lapho udla khona noma uphuze khona. Ungadli, uphuze, noma uphuze ngenkathi uzungeze lezo zilwane.
- Ukufakela izidakamizwa noma ukuvakashelwa epulazini kungcono kakhulu kubantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-5, ngokuphatha.
- Abantu abadala abasemaqenjini aphezulu akufanele bahlanze noma yiziphi izinto ezifuywayo noma izidakamizwa zezilwane ngaphandle kokugqoka igilavu elahlayo. Izingane ezineminyaka engu-5 nangaphansi akufanele zinikezwe imisebenzi enjalo.
- Uma ugeza izilwane ezifuywayo noma izinto, zama ukwenza ngaphandle. Ungalahli amanzi emanzini asetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ukudla. Sebenzisa i-bleach ukuze uphilise noma yikuphi ukucwilisa, isikhubhu, noma indlu yangasese emva kwalokho.
- Uma ingane yakho ineminyaka engu-5 noma encane, yiphatha ingane ezungeze izilwane. Ungavumeli ukuthintana nobuso bomntwana wakho noma ukumanga. Siza ingane yakho ngokugqoka izandla emva kokuphatha isilwane.
Ezindaweni zasemakhaya kanye namaqanda asekhaya
Njengoba kugcinwa izinkukhu futhi ujabulela amaqanda asekhaya kuyathandwa, kubalulekile ukuqonda izingozi ze-salmonella kulezi zenzo. Kumelwe uthenge kuphela izinkukhu eziphilayo noma izinkukhu ezivela kuma-hatcheries eziqinisekiswe yi-USDA National Improvement Plan (USDA NPIP). Kungcono ukuthi ungatholi izinkukhu zakho kubalimi bokubonisa noma ezinye abalimi basekhaya.
Sebenzisa lezi zeluleko ukugwema ukuthola i-salmonella:
- Hlanza i-coop yakho njalo, igqoke amagilavu kanye nezivikeli zezinwele noma izicathulo ozisebenzisayo kuphela.
- Shintsha ukudla kanye namanzi nsuku zonke.
- Geza izandla zakho emva kokuphatha inkukhu noma ukuqoqa amaqanda bese wenza kanjalo ngaphandle noma usebenzisa isitshalo engasetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ukudla.
- Izitsha zokugcoba ezihlanzekile nezinye izinto ngaphandle noma embizeni ongasetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ukudla, ukuyibulala nge-bleach.
- Ungadli, uphuze, noma ungabhemi izinyoni zakho.
- Gcina izinyoni zakho uphume endlini futhi uhambe ezindaweni, kufaka phakathi izimpande zangaphandle, lapho ulungiselela noma udle ukudla.
- Ungavumeli izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5 zizungeze izinyoni zakho futhi ziqondise ezinye izingane nabantu abadala ukuze ziphathe izinyoni ngokuphepha.
- Uma noma iyiphi inyoni igula, yihlukanise nazo zonke izinyoni bese uxhumane nodokotela wakho wezilwane.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi izinyoni zakho zithola yonke imithi ephakanyisiwe.
- Uma usebenzisa umquba wenkukhu njengomquba wegadi, kufanele uphulukiswe okungenani izinsuku ezingama-45 ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
Sebenzisa la mathiphu ekuphepha kweqanda lasekhaya:
- Ukuqoqa amaqanda ekuseni nantambama.
- Ukuhlanza amaqanda emva kokuqoqwa akukhuthazwa njengeSikhungo Sokulawula Izifo (CDC) ukuthi ukugeza emanzini abandayo kungadonsa amabhaktheriya emaqanda. Hlanza ngaphandle ngaphandle ngebhashi noma indwangu.
- Lahla amaqanda aqhekekile noma angcolile.
- Amaqanda e-refrigerate emahoreni amabili noma ngaphansi.
- Uma uthengisa amaqanda akho, landela yonke imithethonqubo yasendaweni kanye nezidingo zokulayisense.
- Uma udla amaqanda asekhaya, upheke kahle futhi ungadli amaqanda aluhlaza.
Ukubona Ukuqubukana
Iminyango yezempilo yomphakathi kanye neCDC zidinga izikhungo zokwelapha ukubika amacala we-salmonellosis ukuze bakwazi ukubona nokulandelela izimpikiswano. Ama laboratories omtholampilo athumela ama-isolates e- Salmonella kuma-laboratories ezempilo yomphakathi ukuze uhlobo oluthile lungathathwa futhi luqhathaniswe namanye ama- Salmonella emphakathini. Uma kwenzeka amacala amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, kungase kusho ukuthi indawo yokudlela, ukudla, noma ukuhambisa amanzi kunenkinga edinga ukulungiswa umnyango wezempilo womphakathi. Ngenkathi abantu abaningi bengayifaki ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha nge-salmonellosis encane eqhuba inkambo evamile, labo abenzayo bazosiza ngalokhu kuqapha iziqhumane.
Ulwazi mayelana neziqhumane lungabonakala kwisayithi le-CDC. Izibonelo zokuqhamuka kwamuva zihlanganisa lezo ngenxa yamaqanda egobolondo, ukhukhunathi, isaladi yezinkukhu, amahlumela aluhlaza, i-kratom, izingulube zezilwane, nezikhukhula zezilwane. Ungangena phansi ukuze ubone okucacile kokuqhamuka.
Uma uzwa noma yikuphi imibiko yezindaba yokukhumbula kokudla okubangelwa ukukhathazeka nge-salmonella noma izifo zokudla, hlola ukuze ubone ukuthi uthenge imikhiqizo ekhumbulayo. Ungadli.
> Imithombo:
> Ukugcina amasango ezinkukhu. I-CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/features/salmonellapoultry/index.html.
> Salmonella. I-CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/
> I-Salmonella Infection. I-CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/diseases/salmonella.html.
> Salmonella Imibuzo nezimpendulo. I-USDA Inkonzo Yokuphepha Yokudla Nokuhlolwa. https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/foodfood-illness-and-disease/salmonella-questions- nezimpendulo.
> Whiley H, Ross K. Salmonella kanye namaqanda: Kusukela ekukhiqizeni kuya ku-Plate. I-Tchounwou PB, ed. I-International Journal of Environmental Research kanye neMpilo Yomphakathi . 2015; 12 (3): 2543-2556. i-doi: 10.3390 / ijerph120302543.