I-Arthritis Diagnosis
Ukubona i-arthritis kungaba yinto edidekayo futhi eyinkimbinkimbi. Njengoba kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-100 ze- arthritis nezifo ze- rheumatic , izimpawu-ikakhulukazi izimpawu zakudala- zingangena, zenze kube nzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene. Njengengxenye yenqubo yokuxilonga, udokotela wakho uzobheka izibonakaliso ezicacile, izimpawu, nezifo. Udokotela wakho uzophinde ahlole umlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukuhlola ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kanye nokucwaninga ngegazi njengoba elawula ezinye izifo nezimo-futhi ekugcineni ulawula ekutholeni ukuhlolwa.
Kudingeka ukuxilongwa okuqondile ukuze kulungiswe uhlelo olufanele lwezokwelapha. Ukuthola ilungelo kuyadingeka.
Umlando Wezokwelapha kanye Nempawu Zomtholampilo
Umlando wakho wezokwelapha uhlanganisa ulwazi mayelana nezimo zezokwelapha ezedlule kanye nesimo sakho sezempilo samanje. Ukuze uthole umlando wakho wezokwelapha, cishe uzocelwa ukuba ugcwalise uhlu lwemibuzo ebhalwe phansi ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwakho kokuqala, uma kungenjalo ngaphambi kokuqokwa.
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Yini Oyenzayo Uma Ucabanga Ungase Ube Ne-Arthritis?
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Ukuqaphela Ngokushesha I-Arthritis Kubalulekile Ukuze Kulawulwe Izifo
Kufanele ulungele ukuhlinzeka ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha ngokuhlela kusengaphambili lolu lwazi olulandelayo: uhlu lwakho lwemithi lwamanje, uhlu lwezilwane zomzimba, uhlu lwazo zonke izimo zezokwelapha okwamanje eziphathekayo, izimo zezokwelapha oye waphathwa ngazo esikhathini esidlule, igama lodokotela wakho oyinhloko nabanye ochwepheshe, kanye nolwazi lwabo lokuxhumana.
Uma ugcina idayari yesibonakaliso, kuzoba lula ukudala kabusha umlando wakho wezokwelapha nokugcina ithrekhi yamaqiniso afanele mayelana nesimo sakho kanye nezinguquko njengoba zenzeka. Nge-diary, uzimisele kakhulu ukunikeza udokotela isithombe esihle esiphezulu sezimpawu ozizwayo.
Uma ungenayo idayari yesibonakaliso, akukaze kube sekwephuzile ukuqala. Ukuqhubeka phambili, kuzosiza ngokuqhubeka nokunakekelwa. Ungathembeli kwimemori yakho ukulandelela imininingwane, ikakhulu uma ijwayelekile ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ukuhamba phakathi kokuqokwa kwabadokotela.
Ukuhlolwa Kwemvelo
Ekubonisaneni kwakho kokuqala, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlola okungokwenyama ukuze agcine noma yiziphi izimpawu nezimpawu ezibonakalayo ezikhomba isifo samathambo. Udokotela wakho uzohlola:
- ubomvu / ukushisa okuzungezile okuhlangene (okungukuthi ukuvuvukala )
- ukuqina okuhlangene noma isisa
- ukuhlangana okunegazi noma ukuvuvukala
- ukuqhuma noma ama-nodules (isib. ama-nodules e-rheumatoid , ama-node ka-Heberden, ama- Bouchard's nodes )
- Iphethini lamalungu angathintekayo (isb., i-symmetric noma i-asymmetric)
- uhla olunqunyelwe lokunyakaza
- umkhuhlane
- ukukhathala
Izivivinyo zeLebatho
Ngemuva komlando wezokwelapha nokuhlolwa komzimba sekuphelile, udokotela wakho uzodinga olunye ulwazi. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunganikeza ulwazi oluthe xaxa futhi kuvame ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi udokotela usolwa kanjani. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kusetshenziselwa ukuqapha umsebenzi wezokwelapha kanye nokwelashwa okuphumelelayo ngemuva kokuthola ukuxilongwa.
Ekuvakasheni kwakho kokuqala, udokotela wakho cishe uzohlelela okuncane kulezi zivivinyo, ngokususelwa kumlando wakho wezokwelapha nokuhlolwa.
- Factor ye-Rheumatoid - Isifo se-Rheumatoid i-antibody noma i-immunoglobulin ekhona ngamaphesenti angu-70 kuya ku-80 abantu abadala abanesifo samathambo.
- Isilinganiso se-Erythrocyte Sedimentation - I-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), eyaziwa nangokuthi izinga lokuqothula noma i-sedrate, ibonisa ukuthi kukhona ukuvuvukala okungajwayelekile. Ukuvuvukala okungenasisekelo kusho ukuthi ukuvuvukala kukhona endaweni ethile emzimbeni, kodwa ukuhlolwa akusho ukuthi kungani imbangela.
- Iprotheyini esebenzayo ka-C (i-CRP) - amaprotheni asebenzayo e-C iphrotheni eyenziwa yisibindi kulandela ukulimala kwezicubu. Amazinga eplasma we-CRP akhula masinyane emva kwezikhathi zokuvuvukala okukhulu noma ukutheleleka, okwenza lokhu kuvivinywa kube isibonakaliso esinembile kakhulu somsebenzi wesifo kunesilinganiso se-sedimentation eshintsha kancane kancane.
- I-Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Test Antibody (i-anti-CCP) - I-Anti-CCP yi-test test yegazi manje esivunyelwe ukuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis isolwa. Ukulinganisa izinga eliphakeme le-anti-CCP egazini ngokuyisisekelo liqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kumuntu onemibonakaliso yemitholampilo ye-arthritis ye-rheumatoid. Isivivinyo se-anti-CCP sichaza kakhulu kunesivivinyo se-rheumatoid factor. Ekusebenzeni komtholampilo, kokubili ukuhlolwa kwesici se-rheumatoid nokuhlolwa kwe-anti-CCP kufanele kulandiswe ndawonye.
- Amanqamuzana e-Antinuclear (ANA) - Ama-antibodies anti-nuclear (ANA) angama-autoantibodies angavamile (ama-immunoglobulins ngokumelene nezingxenye zenuzi zeseli lomuntu). Ukuhlolwa kusekelwe ekungeneni okungaqondile kwe-immunofluorescence. Okulinganiselwe kumazinga aphikisayo e-antitinuclear anti-nucleus aphakamisa isifo se- autoimmune . Ukuhlolwa kwe-antitinuclear anti-nucleus okubonakalayo kubonakala ezingaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-95 weziguli zesistimu i-lupus erythematosus, iziguli ezingu-60 kuya kwangu-80 zeziguli ze- scleroderma , amaphesenti angu-40 kuya kwangu-70 weziguli ezine- syjrome ye-Sjogren , namaphesenti angama-30 kuya kwangu-50 weziguli zesifo se- rheumatoid arthritis , phakathi kwabanye.
- Gcwalisa i-Blood count - Ukubala okuphelele kwegazi kunquma i-WBC (isibalo segazi elimhlophe), i-RBC (isibalo segazi obomvu), i-hemoglobin, i-hematocrit, izinhlamvu eziningana zamaseli obomvu kanye nenani leplatelet. Ukuphakama kwama-white cell cell counts kusikisela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona ukutheleleka okusebenzayo. Iziguli ezithatha i- corticosteroids zingase zibe ne-WBC ephakeme ngenxa yemithi. Ukuvuvukala okungapheli kungabangela inani elincane elibomvu lamasosha egazi. I-hemoglobin ephansi ne-hematocrit ingase ibonise ukuthi i- anemia ehambisana nezifo ezingapheli noma ukuphuma kwegazi okubangelwa imithi. Ukubalwa kwamaplatelete ngokuvamile kuvame iziguli ze-rheumatoid arthritis, kanti ezinye izifo ezinamandla zamathambo zingenza amaplatele abe phansi.
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Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Synovial flux kungaba Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola okuyigugu
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Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-CRP Ngokuvamile uma i-Arthritis ixeka
- I-HLA Tinyue Typing - Ama-Antigens E-Human Leukocyte (HLA) ngamaprotheni ebusweni bamaseli. Amaprotheni aqondene ne-HLA angama-genetic markers kwezinye izifo zengqondo. Ukuhlola kunganquma uma kukhona abenzi bokuzalwa abathile abakhona. I-HLA-B27 iye yahlotshaniswa ne- ankylosing spondylitis nezinye izilonda ze- spondyloarthropathies . I-arthritis ye-rheumatoid ihlotshaniswa ne-HLA-DR4.
- I-Acric Acid - Amazinga aphakeme we-uric acid egazini (eyaziwa ngokuthi hyperuricemia ) angabangela ama-crystal ukuba afake ama-joints nama-tissue. Ukwehla kwamakhekhedi e-uric acid kungabangela ukuhlaselwa kwe-gout okubuhlungu. I-acid yase-Uric iyimveliso yokugcina ye- purine metabolism kubantu.
Ezinhlobonhlobo ezithile zezifo zesifo se-rheumatic, ama-biopsies ezitho ezithile azonikeza ulwazi olubalulekile lokuxilonga. Futhi, ukuhlaziywa kwamanzi okuhlanganyela kungahlinzeka udokotela ngemininingwane eminingi mayelana nempilo yomunye womuntu.
Ukufaniswa Kwezokwelapha
Ucwaningo lokucwaninga lusetshenziselwa ukusiza ukudala ukuxilongwa. Udokotela wakho angalawula ama-x-ray (radiographs), enikeza izithombe zamathambo namalunga akho. I-X-ray ingabonisa ukubola nokungajwayelekile kwamathambo namalunga. I-X-ray ayibonisi u-cartilage, imisipha, nemigudu, noma kunjalo.
Ama-MRIs, noma ama-Magnetic Resonance Imaging scans, akhiqiza izithombe ezithintekayo zomzimba wakho ngokusebenzisa ama-magnetic field namagagasi omsakazo. Ulwazi olunembile ngamathambo, amalunga, nezicubu ezithambile kunikezwa yizithombe ze-MRI. Izinguquko ezincane kakhulu emzimbeni zingatholakala uma usebenzisa i-MRI.
Izwi elivela
Isibonakaliso esisodwa noma umphumela owodwa wokuhlola akwanele ukuhlolisisa uhlobo oluthile lwe-arthritis noma isifo se-rheumatic. Amaphethini athile nezivivinyo ezithile zihlangene ukuze zilawule izifo ezithile futhi zilawulwe ngokuxilongwa okucacile. Kungabonakala sengathi kuyinkimbinkimbi uma ufuna izimpendulo ezisheshayo. Ukubekezela kwakho kuyadingeka njengoba udokotela wakho ehlanganisa izingcezu ze-puzzle.
Ukwenza kube nzima nakakhulu ukuthi kube nesifo esingaphezu kwesisodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Cabanga ngalolu hlu lwezifo eziyi- 11 zesifo se-rheumatic ezilinganisa i-arthritis ye-rheumatoid njengesibonelo sezinkinga ezihlotshaniswa nokuhlola i-arthritis. Unesifo esisodwa se-rheumatic? Unayo isifo esingaphezu kwesisodwa se-rheumatic? Ingabe unayo izimpawu eziqhamukayo ezicindezela ukuxilongwa?
Ngaphandle kokungabaza, njengoba uhamba ngokusebenzisa inqubo yokuxilonga, uzoba nesigama sezokwelapha esingalazi kahle esikhwameni sakho. Kuzo, sizibophezele ekusizeni ukuthi uqonde lesi sigama kanye nezinyathelo ezisendleleni eya ekuxilongweni kwakho okucacile. Ngisho noma kunjalo, ukuxilongwa ngempela kuyisisekelo sokufunda ukulawula isifo sakho. Sinikeza ulwazi ngalezo zinyathelo ezilandelayo, njengokuqonda uhlobo lwakho lwe-arthritis , ukuqonda izinketho zakho zokwelapha izifo , ukuphatha ubuhlungu be-arthritis , ukuthuthukisa izinga lakho lokuphila , nokuningi.
Imithombo:
I-Arthritis Diagnosis. I-Health Encyclopedia. I-University of Rochester Medical Centre. Ibukezwe nguHanhan noHorowitz.
I-Arthritis Diagnosis. I-Arthritis Foundation.
I-Kelley's Bookbook of Rheumatology. Umagazini wesishiyagalolunye. Elsevier.