Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene Zobungozi Bezimbuzi
Cishe zonke izingane ezithuthukisa ubisi lwezinkomo zenza kanjalo phakathi nonyaka wazo wokuqala wokuphila. Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa yizinto ezivame ukwedlulisa ukudla ezinsaneni.
Kukhona izindaba ezinhle: Iningi lezingane ezinomsoco wobisi zizokwenza ukubekezelelana ngokukhula kwabantu abadala. Amaphesenti angaba ngu-5 azokhipha amandla abo obuncane bokungaboni kahle ngeminyaka engama-4, kanti amaphesenti angaba ngu-20 azokhipha ngeminyaka engu-8. Ngakho-ke ngisho noma ingane yakho ingelahleki ubisi, kungenzeka ukuthi ngeke kube phakade - mhlawumbe izokhipha inkinga.
Ngokuthakazelisayo, izinga lokubhekela ubisi lwezimbuzi lihlukahluka kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomhlaba. Ucwaningo luye lwathola lezi zindleko zobisi ezibangelwa ubisi yizwe:
- I-United States: 1% kuya ku-2.5% yabantwana abangaphansi kuka-6
- U-Israyeli: ngaphansi kwezingu-1% zezingane
- I-Australia: Ngaphezu kuka-10% wabantwana abaneminyaka eyodwa
Akekho oqinisekisayo ukuthi kungani kunezilinganiso ezihlukene kangaka zokungezwani komzimba emazweni ahlukene.
Imikhiqizo yobisi ingabangela ukusabela ezinganeni ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene (nakuba zonke zihilela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela).
Ezinye zalezi zindlela zingabangela izimpawu ngokushesha kanti abanye bangabangela ukusabela okulibalekile, okungenza kube nzima ukulandelela inkinga. Nazi izinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi yobisi:
I-Classic (Ig-E-Mediated) Yokudla Okungezwani
Uma ucabanga nge-"classic" ye-reactionergic reaction, cishe ucabanga ukuthi yini okuthiwa yi-Ig-E yokusabela okuhlanganyelwe. I-Ig-E wuhlobo lwe-antibody olukhiqizwa yisistimu yakho yomzimba. Kulezi zindlela zokuzibulala ezenziwe ngesitayela, lezi zinhlamvu zomzimba ze-Ig-E zibopha kulokho okuthiwa ama-mast cells, okwenza amangqamuzana akhulule i-histamine namanye amakhemikhali abangela ukuvuvukala.
Izimpawu ze-classic ye-Ig-E ezidliwayo ezidliwayo zokudla zivame ukuvela emaminithini angu-15 kuya kwangu-30 okudla. Izimpawu zokudla kokungenwa kwemvelo ezinganeni zingase zihluke kulabo abadala, kodwa zingabandakanya:
- I-Eczema (isimo esimnyama sesikhumba esibomvu esibuhlungu)
- Izinkinga zokugaya
- Ukuphefumula noma ukuphefumula okunzima
- Ukuvuvukala emlonyeni noma ezindebeni
- Anaphylaxis (kungenzeka, kodwa engavamile kakhulu ezinganeni)
Cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zezingane ezincane ezine-eczema (eyaziwa nangokuthi i- atopic dermatitis ) zine-Ig-E-mediated food allergies. Ukuhlolwa kokunciphisa umzimba kungasiza ekutholeni ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okungabangela ingane yakho.
Ngenkathi ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuthi ukugwema amaqanda emaqanda-izinsana ezigulayo zingathuthukisa izimpawu ze-eczema, azikho izifundo eziye zabonisa ukuthi ukugwema ubisi kungaba nomphumela ofanayo. I-Eczema ingaba nezimbangela eziningi, futhi ukugwema ubisi kungase kungenele ukuthuthukisa izimpawu zomntanakho.
Ukuhlolwa kokuvivinya umzimba kungasiza ekuboneni izimbangela ezibangelwa izimpawu zomzimba wakho .
Ukuphazamiseka Kwezinsipho Eosinophilic
Ama-eosinophils awuhlobo lwegazi elimhlophe elibhekene negazi elihlala endaweni yokugaya ezinombolweni eziphansi. Uma othile enesifo se-eosinophilic esiswini (i-EGID), noma kunjalo, lawa maseli aphindaphindeka, futhi angase ahlasele umzimba ngokuphutha uma evezwe ku-trigger allergger.
Ukuphazamiseka kwezinsipho ezinosifo sengculazi kuhlanganisa: i-eosinophilic esophigitis (EoE), i-eosinophilic gastritis, i-eosinophilic gastroenteritis, ne-eosinophilic colitis. Igama lesimo sakho lincike lapho okukhona khona ama-eosinophils akho akhula.
I-EoE iyona evame kakhulu.
Izimpawu zingafaka:
- Ubuhlungu uma ugwinya
- Ukondla ukungasebenzi
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- Uhudo
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo
- Ukuhluleka ukuphumelela
I-EGID yinkimbinkimbi yokuzivikela komzimba engahloliswanga kahle njengemikhiqizo yokudla yakudala. Izivivinyo zokudla ezinjengezikhumba zesikhumba zingasiza ekutholeni ukudla okubangela ama-EGID, kodwa kuzodingeka zilandelwe ngokuhlolwa okuqhubekayo njengengqinamba yokudla ngomlomo noma i-endoscopy.
I-Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (ama-FPIES)
Ama-FPI isenzo esibucayi, esiyinkimbinkimbi ekudleni okungabonakali ekuvivinyweni kokungezwani komzimba ngoba akulona ig-E. Kuvame ukukhula ezinganeni ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila.
Izimpawu zihlanganisa:
- Ukuvota
- Uhudo
- Izitembu ezinegazi
- Shock (okungavamile kakhulu)
Izinsana ezikhulisa lesi simo zingase zifakwe amafomula noma zibelethwe futhi zisabele kumaprotheni obisi ebisi lwebele. Uma usana lwakho olunama-FPI luqala ukuphendula ngendlela ethile yefomula, usesengozini enkulu yokuphendula kwabanye. Udokotela wakho wezingane cishe uzobeka ifomula ye-hypoallergenic.
Isivivinyo kuphela sama-FPI yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi "inselele," lapho umntwana enikezwa khona inani elincane lokucabanga okubangwa ukuthi lidale inkinga ngenkathi iqondiswa udokotela. Njengoba kunokwenzeka ukuthi kwenzeke ukuphendula okukhulu, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela lapho kutholakala khona usizo lwezokwelapha lapho usizo luseduze khona.
Ngenhlanhla, iningi labantwana lizokhipha ama-FPIES phakathi neminyaka emibili yokuqala yokuphila.
Ukuvimbela Ukuqeda Amanoni
Kungenzeka akunakwenzeka ukuvimbela ukudla okunomsoco wokudla, kodwa kunezindlela zokunciphisa ingozi yengane yakho yokuthuthukisa ukugula. Uma umndeni wakho unomlando wokudla noma imvelo yokudla, xoxa ngezinketho zokudla kanye ne-allergen noma udokotela wezingane ngaphambi kokuba ingane yakho izalwe.
Izingane ezibhekwa "zisengozini" yokuthuthukisa imithi yokudla zingase zibe nomthelela omncane wokuthuthukisa izifo zokudla uma zibelethwe ngamancani kuphela noma zondliwa ama- formula ama-hypoallergenic ezinganeni ezinyangeni ezine zokuqala zokuphila.
Amakhemikhali Ezobisi
Awekho ukuphulukiswa kwalawa ma-syndromes, ngakho ukwelashwa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zobisi ukuzwela ubisi ukugwema ngokuqinile imikhiqizo yobisi . Njengoba izinsana eziningi ziqala ukwelashwa ubisi ngaphambi kokwethulwa kokudla okuqinile , udokotela wakho angase anikeze i-hypoallergenic infant formula.
Ababonisi abaningi be-lactation bazophakamisa ukugwema imikhiqizo yobisi uma ingane yakho ingumfucy noma i-gassy noma inezimpawu zokugula njenge-eczema.
Ucwaningo oluthile olumama abancancisayo abanezingane eziqhamukayo baye bathola ukuthi ukuqeda ukugaya kwengane ekudleni komama kunganciphisa izimpawu ze-eczema. Ukukhathazeka mayelana nokudla kokuqeda amantombazane ukuthi omama badinga izakhi eziningi ukuze balondoloze impilo yabo ngenkathi bebeletha.
Ngakho-ke, uma ucabangela ukudla okuqedile , khuluma nomuntu odlayo ngokuthi ungaphila kanjani ukudla okunempilo, okunomsoco ngaphandle kobisi.
Imithombo:
I-Asthma kanye Nokungezwani Komzimba Foundation of America. Umsebenzi we-IgE E-allergenic Asthma fact sheet. Ifinyelele ngoNovemba 8, 2015.
Katz, Yitzhak, et al. Ukutholakala kokuqala kwiprotheni yobisi lweenkomo kuvimbela ukuvinjelwa kwamakhemikhali e-IgE-mediated milk protein. I-Journal of Health and Immunology Clinic, Volume 126, Issue 1, July 2010, amakhasi 77-82.e1
Osborne, Nicholas, et al. Ukuqhathaniswa kwenselele yokuhlushwa kwe-IgE-mediated esebenzisekayo ngokusebenzisa isampuli esekelwe kubantu kanye nesilinganiso senselele esinqunyiwe ngaphambili ezinganeni I-Journal of Abandiswayo Nezokwelapha Emtholampilo, Umqulu 127, Issue 3, Mashi 2011, Amakhasi 668-676.e2
U-Katz, Y., et al. Ukusabalalisa kanye nenqubo yemvelo yokudla i-enterocolitis syndrome ekwenzeni ubisi lwezinkomo: Isifundo esikhulu esibheke emphakathini, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Volume 127, Issue 3, Mashi 2011, amakhasi 647-653.e3