Ubufakazi Bokuthi Ukudla KweMedithera
Ochwepheshe bezinhliziyo zabo bonke bayavuma ukuthi ukudla ukudla okunempilo kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ingozi yokuthuthukisa isifo se-coronary artery (CAD) . Kodwa kuthiwani uma usuvele une-CAD, futhi mhlawumbe uye waba ne- infarction ye-myocardial (ukushaya kwenhliziyo), i- angina , noma i-coronary syndrome ? Kubaluleke kangakanani ukudla okulungile kuwe?
Kuze kube maduzane, izincomo zokudla kubantu abano-CAD zisekelwe ngokukholwa ngaphezu kwesayensi.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubufakazi obuqinile besayensi ukuthi ukudla okunempilo kungathuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela yezinhliziyo kubantu abavele benakho i-CAD. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, noma kunjalo, isithombe sesicacile.
Izincomo zamanje zokudla ezivela ku-American Heart Association kanye ne-European Society of Cardiology kubantu abane-CAD bagcizelela ukudla eziningi izithelo nemifino, nokugwema amafutha agcwele, amafutha ashubile, nemikhiqizo yobisi ephezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaseYurophu bacacisa ukudla izinhlanzi ezinamafutha okungenani kabili ngesonto.
Lezi ziqondiso ezijwayelekile zokudla zingase zifinyeleleke kakhulu ekudleni kweMedithera .
Iyini isidlo saseMedithera?
Ayikho incazelo "esemthethweni" yokudla kwaseMedithera. Lona ligama elikhethiwe ukukhombisa imikhuba yokudla yendabuko yabantu abahlala ezindaweni zaseMedithera. Ukudliwa kweMedithera ikakhulukazi ukudla okutshala izihlahla okuhlanganisa izithelo eziningi, imifino, izitshalo, amantongomane kanye nezinhlamvu ezigcwele, kanye nokudla okulinganiselwe ushizi, amaqanda kanye ne-yogurt, kanye nezinxenye ezimbalwa ngesonto ngalinye izinhlanzi nezinye izilwane zasolwandle, futhi izinkukhu.
Okuphawuleka kakhulu kokudla kweMedithera ukufakwa kwamanzi amaningi omnqumo (umthombo omkhulu we- monounsaturated fatty acids ), kanye newayini elibomvu (ingilazi noma amabili ngosuku).
Ubufakazi Obusha Okukhuthaza Ukudla KweMedithera
Eminyakeni yamuva, kuye kwashicilelwa izifundo ezifakazela ukuthi ukudla kwaseMedithera kuyasiza ekuvimbeleni i-CAD - nasekuthuthukiseni imiphumela kubantu abano-CAD.
Isivivinyo se-PREDIMED siqhathanisa izinhlobo ezimbili zokudla kwaseMedithera ngokudla okunomsoco ophansi-uhlobo lokudla oluvame kakhulu kubantu abano-CAD eminyakeni engu-25 edlule-kubantu abangaphezu kuka-7 000 abasengozini enkulu ye-CAD. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esilandelayo cishe eminyakeni emihlanu, imiphumela yezinhliziyo (okungukuthi, ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo, ukushaya isifo noma ukufa okuhlobene nenhliziyo) kwakungcono kakhulu kula maqembu amabili ngezikhathi ezithile ezinikezwe ukudla kwaseMedithera.
Esivivinyweni sesibili, abantu abangaphezu kuka-30 000 abaneminyaka engama-55 noma ngaphezulu ababeyazi ukuthi babe ne-CAD noma abanesifo sikashukela abanezinkinga zenhliziyo babehlelwe ngokuvumelana nemikhuba yabo yokudla, futhi balandelwe cishe izinyanga ezingu-56. Labo abalandela indlela yokudlela yaseMedithera babe nesifo esincane kakhulu senhliziyo, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ukushaya isifo noma ukufa komzimba.
Izwi elivela
Nakuba izilingo ezinkulu, ezizobe zihleliwe, ezihlolwe ngezikhathi zokwelapha ngokudla kwaseMedithera zibhalisa ngokuqondile abantu abano-CAD abangenayo, ubufakazi obuningi bokufakazela ukudla kweMedithera bubonakala buqinile.
Uma ufuna ukulandela ukudla kwaseMedithera, nansi izihluthulelo:
- Gwema ukudla okucutshungulwayo.
- Isisekelo sokudla kwakho kufanele sibe ukudla okutshala izitshalo. Lezi kufanele zihlanganise eziningi zezithelo, imifino, nezitshalo. Izinhlamvu zokudla kwakho (isinkwa kanye ne-pasta) kufanele zibe yizinhlamvu eziphelele. Engeza ambalwa amantongomane ngosuku.
- Gwema ama-margarine nebhotela, bese usebenzisa amafutha omnqumo noma amafutha e-canola esikhundleni. (Gcoba isinkwa sakho sonke okusanhlamvu ngamafutha omnqumo esikhundleni sebhotela.)
- Nciphisa inyama ebomvu kanye noma kabili ngenyanga.
- Yidla izinhlanzi nezinkukhu okungenani kabili ngesonto.
- Uma ungakwenza lokho ngaphandle kwengozi yokuhlukunyezwa, cabanga ukuba neglasi lewayini elibomvu ngedla.
> Imithombo:
> Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, et al. Imihlahlandlela YaseYurophu Ekulweni Nezifo Zenhliziyo Yokwelashwa Emzimbeni Wokwelashwa (Version 2012). I-Fifth Joint Task Force Of The European Society Of Cardiology And Other Societies On Cardiovascular Disease Prevention In Clinical Practice (Yakhiwe Ngabameleli Benkampani Eyisishiyagalolunye Nabachwepheshe Ababiziwe). I-Eur Heart J 2012; 33: 1635.
> Estruch R, Ros E, Salas-Salvad ยข J, et al. Ukuvimbela Okuyisisekelo Kwezifo Zezinhliziyo Nge-Mediterranean Diet. N Engl J Med 2013; 368: 1279.
> Dehghan M, Mente A, Teo KK, et al. Ubudlelwane Phakathi Kokudla Okunempilo Nengozi Yezifo Zezinhliziyo Phakathi Kwabeziguli Emithonjeni Yezidakamizwa Ukuvimbela Kwesibili: Isifundo Esithile Esivela Kuyo Isifundo Sabantu Abangu-31 546 Abantu Abakhulu Abasengozini Evela emazweni angu-40. Ukujikeleza ngo-2012; 126: 2705.