I-osteoarthritis ye-knee ingabandakanya noma yiyiphi iminyango emithathu
I-osteoarthritis ithinta idolo elihlangene ngaphezu kwanoma yikuphi okunye okuhlangene. Ibhokisi elihlangene liqukethe amathambo amane-i-femur, i-tibia, i-patella, ne-fibula-namakamelo amathathu. I-osteoarthritis ingathinta eyodwa, ezimbili, noma zonke ezintathu zamakamelo. Lapho zonke lezi zintathu zithintekile, kuthiwa yi-osteoarthritis e-tricompartmental.
Amakamelo amathathu we-Knee
Amakamelo amathathu ngamunye abizwa ngamathambo amabili ahlangana ndawonye ngaphakathi.
Kunjalo:
- Igumbi eliphakathi kwe-femoro-tibial (igumbi langaphakathi
- Igumbi le-femal-tibial elisemuva (igumbi elingaphandle)
- Igumbi le-Patellofemoral (i-kneecap ne-femur)
Ukuhlola Amakamelo E-Knee
Ukuhlola okungokomzimba kunganikeza isibonakaliso sokuqala sokuthi igumbi lithinteka kanjani. Udokotela wakho uzokucela ukuthi ume futhi uhambe. Ngenkathi umile, udokotela wakho uzokubona nganoma yikuphi ukukhubazeka okwenziwe ngemuva, okufana ne- valgus (ukugqogqa) noma i-varus (ukuguqa ngamathambo) . Kukhona futhi ukungafani okusobala noma okucashile emkhayeni wejubane.
Uma uceliwe ukuba uhambe, udokotela wakho uzoqaphela ukungahambi kahle, njengokuqhaqhaqhazela, ukuthuthumela, noma ukuhluleka ukuhamba. Udokotela wakho naye uzohlola izimpawu zokuxhuma okuhlangene bese uhlola uhla lwakho lokuhamba . Udokotela wakho uzophinde agcine amadolo ukuze ahlangane , abuyele emadolweni lapho esezingeni eliguquguqukayo, futhi ahlole izibonakaliso ze- muscle atrophy kanye nezinguquko zesikhumba.
I-X-rays izodingeka ukuqinisekisa ukulahleka kwe-cartilage nokulimala okuhlangene okuhambisana nokungajwayelekile okubonwe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho ngokomzimba. Ku-imaging yama-x, ukulahleka kwe-cartilage kubonakala njengokunciphisa isikhala phakathi kwemikhawulo yamathambo okwenza umhlanganiso. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isikhala sokuhlanganyela sinciphisa .
Ngokuvamile, ukwehlisa isikhala esihlangene kubonakala ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ukunciphisa okuphakathi kubonakala kubantu abangamaphesenti angama-75 abaphethe i-knee osteoarthritis futhi kungabangela isimo semigqa nesibindi. Ukunciphisa okwedlule, okungajwayelekile kubantu abane-knee-osteoarthritis, kuhlotshaniswa nesimo sokuguqa nokugwedla. Cishe isigamu sazo zonke iziguli ze-knee osteoarthritis zinobufakazi bokulimala kwe-patellofemoral kuma-x-ray.
Ukwelapha okuqaphayo kwe-Tricompartmental Knee Osteoarthritis
Izinketho zokwelapha nge-kneearthritis yegciwane zixhomeke ekuqotheni komonakalo ohlangene, izinga lobuhlungu, kanye nezinga lomsebenzi. Ngaphambi kokuba kuthathwe izinketho zokuhlinzekwa, izindlela zokwelashwa ezingekho zokuhlinzwa kufanele zibhekwe futhi mhlawumbe zivivinywe, kubandakanya:
- Imithi : Lokhu kungokwelashwa kwendabuko, okuhlose ukulawula ubuhlungu nokulawula ezinye izimpawu ze-osteoarthritis . Izidakamizwa zokunciphisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwezifo zisenayo.
- Ukuzivocavoca : Ukuvivinya umzimba okuphansi kusiza ukugcina amandla nokuhamba kwezingxube ezithintekayo.
- Ukuphathwa kwesisindo : Ukuthatha amakhilogremu engeziwe kunezela amandla kumalungu akho njengoba uhamba. Yilokho kanye umthwalo ofuna ukugwema nge-knee ostoarthritis.
- Ukunciphisa ubuhlungu bezinhloko : Ama-creams, ama-gel, kanye namafutha okugcoba ahlinzekela ukuphumula okunye kubantu abaye basabela ngokungenele noma abakwazi ukubekezelela imithi yomlomo.
- I-insal wedge ye-lateral : Ama- insoles akhethekile aklanyelwe ukusiza ukunciphisa ubuhlungu obuhambisana ne-knee-osteoarthritis yangaphakathi ngokushintsha imishini yamadolo.
- I-Viscosupplementation : Uchungechunge lwemijovo yamadolo nge-gel-like substance (hyaluronates) isetshenziselwa ukwengeza izindawo ze-synovial fluid emadolweni aphethwe yi-osteoarthritis.
- Imishanguzo ye-steroid ye-intra-articular : Umjovo ohlangene ohlangothini oluthintekile wegciwane nemithi ye-corticosteroid kwenziwa ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu.
- Izithako zokudla : Izithako eziningana zithengiswa ngempilo ehlangene. Nakuba ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengokuphephile, ukusebenza kwabo akuzange kuboniswe.
- I-TENS (i-transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) : Lokhu kuyisisetshenziswa esincane esiqondisa ukushayela kwamandla kagesi kumanethi noma endaweni ebuhlungu.
- Ukwakhiwa kwe-Acupuncture : Amasu ahlukahlukene asetshenziselwa ukugqugquzela amaphuzu athile ajwayelekile emzimbeni. Ukuphumula ubuhlungu ngumgomo wabantu abane-arthritis.
Ukuguqulwa Kokufakelwa Kwamakamelo Aphethwe Knee
Uma ukwelashwa okuqaphayo kuveza imiphumela enganele, isinyathelo esilandelayo singase sibe ukuhlinzwa. Ukukhathala kwe-arthroscopic noma i- osteotomy kungabhekwa njengokufanele ezimweni ezithile, ngaphambi kokucubungula ukuguqulwa kwamadolo .
Uma kuphela igumbi elilodwa lamadolo elibandakanyekile, udokotela wakho kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo ngamathambo angancoma esikhundleni sokuguqa ngamadolo noma esikhundleni sokuguqa ngamadolo, hhayi esikhundleni sokuguqula amadolo. Yize isinqumo sokuthi ukushintshwa kwamadolo okuyingxenye singabonakala sinengqondo futhi siqondile, kunezici okufanele zicatshangelwe.
Kungaba yindaba nje yesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba amanye amakomidi agqoke futhi ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe kuyadingeka. Kungabe kungcono ukuthi ube nokuguqulwa kwamadolo ngokuphelele kunokuba uphendule ngamadolo kancane bese ubhekana nokuhlinzwa okungenzeka esikhathini esizayo? Udokotela wakho uzohlola ubunzima besimo sakho futhi ancoma inkambo engcono kakhulu kwecala lakho ngabanye.
Ngaphandle kokuguqulwa kwamadolo okungaqondakali noma ukuguqulwa kwamadolo, kukhona futhi ukugujwa kwamadolo e-bicompartmental. Ukuguqulwa kwamadolo e-bicompartmental kuyindlela abantu abaphethe i-osteoarthritis emadolweni yamakomidi aphakathi nendawo kanye ne-patellofemoral. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuguqulwa kwamadolo, izindlu ezingenayo izindlu zangasese nezindondo zamasondo zigcina amathambo ajwayelekile kanye nemigqa emibili ebaluleke kakhulu.
Izwi elivela
Abantu abaningi abane-osteoarthritis emadolweni babandakanyeka ngokungalingani kwamakamelo amathathu amadolo. Izinketho zokwelapha, ikakhulukazi izinketho zokuhlinzwa, kuncike ekutheni unayo i-unicompartmental, i-bicompartmental, noma i-tricompartmental knee osteoarthritis.
Usizi lwezinhlungu luyisikhalazo sezokwelapha esivamile esithatha abantu kudokotela wabo oyinhloko ukuhlolwa kokuqala. Ukuxilongwa okunembile kubalulekile ekuphatheni i-osteoarthritis yamadolo. Ukwelashwa okufanele kulandela ukuxilongwa. Uchwepheshe wezinzwa angase ekugcineni adinge ukwandisa uhlelo lwezokwelapha. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokwelapha ezizongayo zokuzama. Uma sekuyisikhathi sokucubungula ukuhlinzwa, thola uphethiloli ongcono kakhulu wama-orthopedic.
> Imithombo:
> Beutler, Anthony, MD et al. Ukuhlolwa Kwemvelo Knee. Kusesikhathini. Kubuyekezwe ngo-Apreli 13, 2017.
> Deveza, Leticia Alle, MD, et al. Ukuphathwa kwe-Knee Osteoarthritis. Kusesikhathini. Kubuyekezwe ngo-Ephreli 17, 2017.
> Lane, uNancy E. noWallace, uDaniel J. Bonke Mayelana Ne-Osteoarthritis. Umzimba Ophansi. Amakhasi 102-105. I-Oxford University Press. 2002.
> Sabatini, Luigi et al. I-Bicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty. Ama-Annal of Medicational Medicine. 2016 Jan; 4 (1): 5.