I-Cytotoxic Chemotherapy namanye ama-Cytotoxic Agents
I-cytotoxic ibhekisela kuzinto noma inqubo eholela ekulimaleni kwamangqamuzana noma ekufeni kweseli. Isiqalo "i-cyto" sibhekisela eselini futhi "esiyingozi" kubuthi.
I-Cytotoxic Chemotherapy Izidakamizwa
Isikhathi esiningi igama elithi "cytotoxic" lisho umphumela wokuthi imithi ye- chemotherapy inezifo zomdlavuza . Ngalo mqondo, i-agent ye-cytotoxic ingase ihlukaniswe ukusuka ku-cytostatic.
Imithi ye-cytostatic, ngokuphambene, ingavimbela ukwehlukaniswa kweselula nokukhula kodwa ngeke kuholele ekufeni kweseli ngqo.
Izidakamizwa ze-cytotoxic zisebenza ngokuphazamisa amangqamuzana ezindaweni ezithile emjikelezweni wokukhula. Izidakamizwa ze-cytotoxic cishe zingathinta amangqamuzana akhula ngokushesha, isibonelo, amangqamuzana omdlavuza, izinwele zezinwele, umnkantsha wamasosha namangqamuzana afaka esiswini nasemathunjini. Isizathu sokuthi iningi le-chemotherapy lisebenzisa inhlanganisela yezidakamizwa nokuthi iningi lemijikelezo ye-chemotherapy liphindaphindiwe ngoba amangqamuzana asezindaweni ezihlukahlukene kwinkqubo yokuhlukanisa.
Ama-cytotoxic Agents
Kunezinye izinto ezisetshenziswa yi-cytotoxic ezisetshenziselwa imisebenzi eminingi. Njengazo zonke izidakamizwa ze-cytotoxic chemotherapy, lokhu kusho ukuthi babulala amaseli.
Amaseli ase-cytotoxic T
Ama-cytotoxic agents awagcini nje ukudala ukubhubhisa amagciwane kanye nokulawula izifo. Imizimba yethu iphinda ikhiqize ama-cytotoxic T-cell (ama-cytotoxic T lymphocytes). Amaseli ase- cytotoxic T ayingxenye yesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela omzimba, eseseshayo, sithola futhi sichitha amaseli anesandulela ngculaza kanye namaseli omdlavuza.
Enye yezindawo ezisheshayo ngokucwaninga komdlavuza manje igxile ekwenzeni nasekuvuseleleni amangqamuzana ethu ase-cytotoxic ukulwa nomdlavuza emzimbeni wethu.
I-Venot ye-Cytotoxic
Abantu abayedwa ekusetshenzisweni kwabo kwamaseli ase-cytotoxic T. Amanye ama-venom, afana nalawo avezwe yizinyoka, ama-cobras kanye nezipikisi ze-violin, nawo-cytotoxic.
Indlela Yokusebenza
Ama-cytotoxic agents angabulala amangqamuzana ngezindlela eziningana. Bangase balimaze iseli ukuze i-membrane yeseli ifinyeleleke futhi iseli liqhuma (lysis,) noma lingase liphazamise ukuhlukaniswa kweseli ngakho iseli liyeka ukukhula nokuhlukanisa.
Izingozi zezidakamizwa ze-Cytotoxic kanye nama-Agent
Izidakamizwa ze-cytotoxic zingabulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza kodwa zingaphazamisa amaseli avamile, anempilo.
I-Cytotoxic vs Genotoxic
Kukhona ukudideka okukhulu phakathi kwemigomo cytotoxic ne-genotoxic. Igama elithi cytotoxic libhekisela ekwenzeni i-substance edala umonakalo kwamaseli. Igama elithi genotoxic lisho ikhono lomuthi ukulimaza ngokuqondile i-DNA kumaseli.
I-Carcinogenicity / Mutagenicity
Ezinye izincazelo ezimbalwa zibalulekile ukuchaza uma ukhuluma nge-cytotoxicity. Lokhu kufaka:
- I-carcinogenic - Ukuvezwa kwento e-cytotoxic inamandla okubangela ukulimala kwe-DNA okungase kuholele ekuthuthukiseni umdlavuza.
- I-Mutagenic - Ukuveza izidakamizwa ze-cytotoxic kungase kubonakale kukulimaza ama-chromosomes emntwaneni.
Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abantu baqaphele lapho bephethe izidakamizwa kanye nemithi ye-cytotoxic.
Ukuqapha okuyi-Cytotoxic
Kulabo abasebenza ngemithi ye-cytotoxic noma ezinye izinto, izinyathelo zokuqapha zinconywa ngokukhethekile ukugwema ukugonywa komzimba kanye nokuguquka komzimba.
Izinyathelo ezithile zokuqapha ziyahlukahluka ngokusekelwe endleleni yokuchayeka okungenzeka kodwa zingabandakanya:
- Amagundane, anezikhumba ezinama-gloves
- Izambatho zemikhumbi emide
- Izingubo ezilahlayo
- Izibuko zokuphepha
- Ukuvikelwa kokuphefumula
Imithombo:
I-California Institute of Technology. Imihlahlandlela yokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-Cytotoxic kanye ne-Chemotherapeutic. Mashi 2011. https://www.safety.caltech.edu/documents/33-cytotoxic_drugs_guidelines.pdf