Izimpawu Zokwehlukana Okuhlobene Nalo Utshwala
I-Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (i-FASD) ihlanganisa i-fetal alcohol syndrome nezinye izimo lapho izingane zinakho, kodwa hhayi zonke izimpawu zesifo se-fetal alcohol , ezifana ne-alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) nezinkinga zokuzalwa ezihlobene nophuzo (ARBD) .
Izingane ezingenayo izibonakaliso ezibonakalayo noma ezibonakalayo zobungozi be-fetal alcohol spectrum zingaba nezimpawu zesimiso sezinzwa ezisemqoka kakhulu njengalezo izingane ezitholwe ziphethe zonke izimpawu ze-fetal alcohol syndrome.
Izimpawu ze-FASD
Izimpawu zobungozi be-fetal alcohol spectrum zingabandakanya ukukhubazeka ebusweni, ukwehluleka kokukhula, ukukhubazeka kwamathambo, ukukhubazeka komzimba, uhlelo oluphakathi kwenzwa yokukhubazeka kanye nezinkinga zokuziphatha esikhathini esizayo.
Nazi ezinye zezimpawu ezingenzeka ezinganeni ezinezidakamizwa eziphuthumayo:
Okungahle kwenzeke ebusweni
- Inhloko encane
- Ukuvuleka kwamehlo amancane
- Ukuxhumana phakathi kwamehlo nesisekelo sekhaleni
- Amajwabu ama-drooping
- Ukwehluleka kwamehlo ukuhamba ngendlela efanayo
- Ikhala elifushane, eliguqulwayo
- Ama-cheekbones ashicilelwe
- Ibhuloho elisenqenqenqenqemeni
- Ipulazi ephansi noma engekho emkhatsini wekhala nekhanda eliphezulu (philtrum)
- Lipomo elimhlophe nelincane
- Ukuvula ophahleni lomlomo
- Umhlathi omncane ophansi
- Isethi ephansi noma izindlebe ezingalungile
Izinkinga Zokukhula
- Isayizi lomzimba omncane nesisindo
- Kancane kunokuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba okuvamile
- Ukuhluleka 'ukubamba' ekukhuleni
Ukuguqulwa kwamaSkeletal
- Izimbambo ezinokukhubazeka ne-sternum
- Umgogodla ongenalutho
- Udonga lwesifuba esiphezulu
- Bent, fused, webbed noma ezingekho iminwe noma izinzwane
- Iminwe eyengeziwe
- Ama-palm creases angavamile
- Ukunyakaza kwamalungu amancane
- I-Hip dislocations
- Skull encane
- Izinwele ezidlulele
- Amanunki angenakuthuthukiswa noma ama-toenails
Ukukhubazeka Kwemvelo
- Izinkinga zezinhliziyo
- Ukukhononda kwenhliziyo
- Ukuthuthukiswa okungaphelele kwezakhiwo zobuchopho
- Umlando we-Umbilical noma we-diaphragmatic
- Ukuhlukumeza ngokobulili
- Izinso noma iziphambeko zomchamo
I-Central Nervous System Handicaps
- Usayizi obuncane bobuchopho
- Ukuhlelwa kwephutha kwamangqamuzana obuchopho kanye nezicubu
- Ukuphuza kanzima kwengqondo
- Ukukhubazeka kokufunda
- Imemori engafanele
- Ukungabi nomcabango noma ilukuluku
- Amakhono amakhono amakhono
- Amakhono amancane wokuxazulula izinkinga
- Isikhathi esincane sokunakwa
- Ukubambisana okubi
- Ukuthukuthela kwasekusaneni
- Ukungaziphathi kahle ebuntwaneni
- Amakhono amancane okucabanga kanye nokwahlulela
- Ukulala nokuphuza ukuphazamiseka ebuntwaneni
Izinkinga Zokuziphatha
- Ukungakwazi ukugxila
- Ukuhoxiswa komphakathi
- Inkani
- Ukungaziphathi kahle
- Ukukhathazeka
- Izinkinga zokuphila kwansuku zonke
- Izinkinga zengqondo
- Ukuziphatha okubi
- Ukungasebenzi okungapheliyo
- Imfundo engaphelele
- Ukuziphatha ngokocansi okungalungile
- Izinkinga zokusebenzisa izidakamizwa
- Amakhono omzali ompofu
Usizo lwezingane ezine-FASD
Izimpawu kanye nemibandela engenhla ingabangela impumelelo yokuphila kubantwana ababekwe ophuzweni esibelethweni. Kodwa-ke, kukhona usizo kulabo abathinteka kakhulu ekuphuzeni komama wabo.
Ukuthola ukungenelela kokuqala ukukhomba lezi zinkinga kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane ithola izinsizakalo kanye nokwelashwa okudingayo ngemiphumela emihle.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi izingane ze-FASD ezithola imfundo ekhethekile kanye nezinsizakalo zomphakathi ezanele zingase zifinyelele amathuba abo okuthuthukisa nentuthuko kunabo abangatholi lezo zinsizakalo.
Ukuphila komkhaya okunothando, okukhulisayo nokuzinzile, ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa, ubudlelwane obuyingozi noma indlela yokuphila kwesikhashana, kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi kuzuzisa izingane ezinezinkinga zokuphuza utshwala obushushu. Labo abahlala ezindaweni ezihlukumezayo, ezinokuthula noma ezinobudlova cishe amathuba okuthuthukisa izinkinga zokuziphatha kamuva.
> Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawulwa Nokuvimbela Izifo "Ukuphazamiseka Kwezitshalo Zomuthi We-Fetal" https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/.