Imishini yezokwelapha nokutholakala kwezinto zokwelapha kusiza abahlengikazi ukuba balinganise futhi baqaphele izici ezihlukahlukene zempilo yesiguli ukuze bakwazi ukuthola ukuxilongwa. Uma sekuxilongwa, umtholampilo angakwazi ukubeka uhlelo olufanele lwezokwelapha.
Imishini yezokwelapha yokuthola izifo itholakele ezindaweni zokunakekelwa iziguli zabantu abadala neziguli ezitholakala ezikhungweni eziphuthumayo, kanye namakamelo okubhedlela angelapheki kanye nezinyathelo zokunakekelwa okukhulu.
Uhlu olulandelayo aluphelele, kodwa lunikeza ukubuka kabanzi kwamanye amathuluzi okuxilonga asetshenziswe kakhulu.
Stethoscopes
I-Stethoscopes cishe iyona ebonakala kakhulu kunawo wonke amathuluzi okuxilonga wezokwelapha. Zisetshenziswa ukulalela imisindo yenhliziyo, amaphaphu, ngisho nokugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni nasemithanjeni.
Ama-stethoscopes asiza ukuxilonga:
- I-pneumonia
- I-brronchitis
- I-palpitations yenhliziyo
- Isifo senhliziyo
- I-Arrhythmia
- Izinkinga ze-valve yenhliziyo
Ama-Stethoscopes asetshenziselwa kanye ne-sphygmomanometer ukukala ukucindezelwa kwegazi.
I-Stethoscopes ye-elekthronikhi ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yomsindo lapho ulalela imisindo yenhliziyo ephansi futhi umsindo we-pulmonary high-pitched. Bangakwazi ukuxhumeka kukhompyutha ukurekhoda nokugcina imisindo. Zingaxhunyelwa kubanikezeli abavumela abantu abaningi ukuba balalele ngokuhambisana nezibalo ze-stethoscopes. Lesi sici sokugcina sibalulekile lapho kuqeqeshwa abafundi, izakhamuzi, kanye nabanye.
I-Sphygmomanometers
Imithi esekelwe ebufakazini isiqinisekisile ukuthi isilinganiso somfutho wegazi sibalulekile ekunqumeni impilo yonke yomuntu.
I-sphygmomanometer ingasiza ukuxilonga:
- Isifo sikashukela
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma ophansi
- Ukuqina kwe-Artery
- I-plaque ye-arterial
- I-Hypotension
Umfutho wegazi ophezulu uhlanganiswe nezifo eziningana. Kunemikhiqizo embalwa esetshenziselwa ukukala ukucindezelwa kwegazi.
I-manual sphygmomanometers ibhekwa njengokwethenjelwa kakhulu. Ama-manometer ama-Mercury awadingi ukulinganiswa kwesimiso futhi ngakho-ke asetshenziswa ezinkingeni eziphezulu.
I-sphygmomanometers engavamile ayithembeki kangako ngoba ingahle ilahlekelwe ukulinganiswa kwayo uma i-bumped, okungaba yinto evamile ezilungiselelweni zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Izitayela eziphakanyisiwe ngodonga zinganciphisa lokhu kungenzeka, kepha kufanele kube nokuhlolwa kokulinganisela ukuqinisekisa. Isitayela esingabonakali sibhekwa kalula njengeyunithi yokufakelwa ngokufakela ukufundwa, kanye ne-bulb ne-valve emoyeni.
Umshini we-finger finger idijithi ye-Digital yiyona encane kakhulu futhi ephathekayo kakhulu. Ngenkathi kulula ukuyisebenzisa, ayinembile kancane.
I-sphygmomanometers ye-Digital, njenge-digital finger finger finger monitoring, nayo i-electronic. Zingahlonywa ngesandla noma ngokuzenzakalelayo. Zilula ukusebenzisa kodwa zithola umfutho wegazi ngendlela engafanele. Amayunithi adijithali afaka ukucindezela kokuguquka komzimba, okuyisisekelo esiphezulu esiyingcindezi se-systolic ne-diastolic. I-sphygmomanometer yedijithali khona-ke kumele izuze ukuthi ukufundwa kwe-systolic ne-diastolic kuyoba yini. Lezi zisiza ezindaweni ezinomsindo lapho i-mercury manometers ebonisa ukuthi ayisebenzi ngoba isidingo sokuba udokotela azwe imisindo ye-Korotkoff.
Ophthalmoscopes
Ama-ophthalmoscopes amathuluzi asetshenzisiwe avumela udokotela ukuba angene esikhwameni sezilonda lesiguli.
Lolu hlobo lwethuluzi lokuxilonga lusetshenziselwa izivivinyo ezingokwenyama nangaphandle.
Ama-ophthalmoscopes angasiza ukuxilonga:
- Ukutheleleka kwamagciwane
- Ama-retinas ahlanganisiwe
- I-glaucoma
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-ophthalmoscopes.
Ama-ophthalmoscopes aqondile akhiqiza umfanekiso oqondile wokukhuliswa izikhathi ezingaba ngu-15. La mathuluzi agcinwe eduze kweso lesiguli ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ama-ophthalmoscopes angacacile akhiqiza isithombe esiphenduliwe sokukhuliswa izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezingu-5. Ama-ophthalmoscopes angacacile athathwa ngamasentimitha angama-24 kuya kwangu-30 esweni lesiguli. Izimpawu zibuye zibe nokukhanya okunamandla ukuze ziphumelele kakhulu kunokuqondisa lapho zisetshenziselwa iziguli ezinezinkinga.
Ama-Otoscopes
Ama-otoscopes ayimishini egcinwe ngesandla evumela odokotela ukuba babheke emgodini wezindlebe futhi babheke ulwelwesi lwe-tympanic ngokusebenzisa i-lens yokukhulisa.
Ama-Otoscopes asiza ukuxilonga:
- Izifo zendlebe
- Tinnitus (ukukhala ezindlebeni)
- Izimbangela ze- vertigo noma isiyezi
- Izifo zikaMeniere
- Bhukuda Indlebe
Inhloko ye-otoscope nayo inokukhanya. Ukukhanya, kanye ne-lens yokukhulisa, kwenza kube lula ukubuka indlebe engaphandle nangaphakathi. Ingxenye edokotela ayifaka engozini yomlomo ibizwa ngokuthi i-speculum elahlayo. I-specula elahlayo igcinwa ku-dispenser ekamelweni lokuhlola ukuze i-new, ehlanzekile ingathintwa kwi-otoscopes yesiguli ngasinye.
I-Electrocardiographs
Ama-electrocardiographs alinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo . Phakathi nalesi sivivinyo, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lingabhalwa, kanye nokujwayela kwezinyosi. Lezi izinkomba ezimbili ezibalulekile zanoma yiziphi izinkinga enhliziyweni. Odokotela bangakwazi ngisho nokufunda i-electrocardiograph ukuze banqume ubukhulu nesimo sekamelo ngalinye lezinhliziyo. Futhi ekugcineni, ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwe-electrocardiograph ukuhlolisisa umonakalo enhliziyweni kanye nomthelela nokusebenza kokwelapha izidakamizwa noma ukufakelwa kwedivayisi.
I-thermometer
Ama-thermometers asetshenziselwa kuzo zonke izindawo kanye namazinga okunakekelwa, kusukela ekuhlolweni okuvamile ngokomzimba kuya emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo ukuzama ukunakekelwa kweziguli. Kukhona manje ama-thermometer e-elektroniki afushane isikhathi esifanele ukukala ukushisa kwesiguli. I-electronics ingahle isetshenziswe ingxenye ethile yomzimba okulinganiselwe, njengomlomo, ngaphansi kwe-armpit, ngokweqile, noma endlebeni.