Ukuqonda Umbiko Wakho We-Mammogram noma i-Ultrasound
Iyini iphuzu le-BIRADS le-mammogram futhi lisho ukuthini?
Njengoba inqwaba yamammograms eyenziwe ezweni lonke, ama-radiologists anethemba lokuthola indlela yokumisa futhi iqhathanise ukuxhuma kwamagciwane. Njengoba amamograms ayenziwa ezindaweni eziningi ezahlukene futhi afundewa ngama radiologists ahlukene, bonke abangase basebenzise izincazelo ezahlukene namazwi, ukuqhathanisa kungaba inselele okungenani.
Ukuze sifunde ukuhlanganiswa phakathi kokutholakala kwamatholampilo kanye nengozi yomdlavuza wesifuba, sasidinga indlela yokuqhathanisa izithombe ze-mammogram ezenziwe ngenani elikhulu labesifazane. Ukubikwa Kwendlela Yokuveza Ukubeletha NeSistimu Yedatha (BIRADS) kuyimpendulo yalokhu kungabi khona kwedatha ehambisanayo futhi efana.
Uma uke waba ne-mammogram futhi wanikezwa isikolo sakho se-BIRAD ungahle uzibuze ukuthi usho ukuthini. Ake sibheke izigaba eziyisithupha ezihlukene, nokuthi yiziphi ezinye zazo ezingase zisho kuwe ngokusekelwe kwizifundo ezibuka inani elikhulu labesifazane.
Ukubika Ukufanekisa Ukubeletha NeSistimu Yedatha (i-BIRADS) -Ukucacisa
Umbiko wakho we- mammogram uhlanganisa imininingwane eminingi yobuchwepheshe kuhlanganise nanoma yikuphi okutholakele kanye nencazelo yanoma yikuphi okungavamile. Esinye isigaba sombiko wakho sizokubonisa ukubikwa kokubikwa kwesisu kanye nesistimu yedatha (BIRADS).
I-score yakho ye-BIRADS inomboro ephakathi kweyodwa nesithupha ekhombisa umbono we-radiologist mayelana nokungabikho noma ukutholakala komdlavuza webele.
Sizoxoxa ngalokho okushiwo izinombolo ezahlukene ngezansi, kodwa kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngemiphumela yakho nodokotela wakho kanye. Ukuthola izibeletho akukwazi ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba ngezigaba eziyisithupha futhi kubalulekile ukuzwa ukuthi ucabangani ngawe ngokuqondile, kunokuba nje uzwe inombolo.
Kodwa-ke, isikolo sakho sizokunikeza umbono wokuthola okukhethwa kukho nokwelashwa okungenzeka ukwenze.
I-BIRADS yasungulwa yi-American College of Radiologists njengendlela evamile yokuqhathanisa ukulinganiswa kwamammograms namabele we-ultrasound . Ibeka isigaba seNqanaba lokuSolwa (LOS) -ukuthi kungenzeka umdlavuza webele .
Ukuthola Imiphumela Yakho Yamamogram kanye ne-BIRAD Score
Ngemuva kwe-mammogram yakho noma i-breast ultrasound, i-radiologist izofunda isithombe bese ubhala umbiko, unikeza umbono empilweni yakho yebele.
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ama-mammograms njengemibiko yebo "cha" cha. Akusilo iqiniso njengoba kungabonwa ngezigaba ezingezansi, futhi kuningi ezindaweni eziphakathi noma ezimpunga ezitholakala kuma-mammograms nama-ultrasound. Ukuba ngummeli wakho siqu ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kubalulekile ukuthi bobabili thola ikhophi yemiphumela yakho, futhi nixoxe ngokucacile lokho okushiwo mammogram wakho nodokotela wakho kanye / noma i-radiologist.
Okushiwo yi-BIRAD izikolo
I-score BIRAD izokunika inombolo ephakathi kuka-0 no-6 lapho kutholakala khona ukufundwa kumammogram wakho, kodwa lokho kusho ukuthini kuwe?
- I-score ye-0: I-score ye-0 ayisho ukuthi ayikho okutholakele kokukhathazeka. Esikhundleni salokho lokhu kusho ukuthi i-ultrasound yakho noma i-mammogram ayikwazi ukufunda ngaphandle kokucaciswa okunye noma ukuhlola izithombe.
- Izigaba ezingu-1 kuya kwezingu-2: Izikolo of 1 noma 2 ngokuyisisekelo "ubukeka kahle" futhi uchaze imibiko okungabonakali lutho olungavamile, noma ukuthi noma yikuphi okungajwayelekile okubonwa yi-radiologist kubonakala sengathi kunezimo ezincelisayo zesifuba. Lokhu akusho ukuthi awusengozini yomdlavuza webele noma awukwazi ukuba nomdlavuza webele. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi umdlavuza webele ungabonakala unomzimba ovamile, futhi lokhu akukwenzeka njalo. Uma ngabe amaphuzu akho e-mammogram akhona kulesi sigaba, kusadingeka ukuba uhlolwe isifuba sebeletho emvuthweni owenziwe wena nodokotela wakho. Kubalulekile ukulandelela noma yikuphi ukungajwayelekile okuziqaphele kuzo izivivinyo zebele. Ezinye izivivinyo, njenge- breast MRI noma i-biopsy yebele zingase zidingeke ngisho noma isikolo sakho se-BIRAD singu-1 noma 2 uma unamanye izimpawu noma ukukhathazeka (njengokwesimo sofuzo somdlavuza wesibeletho).
- Izigaba ezintathu kuya ku-5: I-score ngaphezulu kuka-3 kusho ukuthi uzodinga uhlobo olulandelayo lokulandelwa. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukubuka okuqhubekayo, i-breast ultrasound, i-MRI yebele, uhlobo lwe-biopsy yebele , noma inhlanganisela yalezi zivivinyo noma ezinye.
- I-score ye-6: I-score ye-6 inikezwa kuphela emva kokuba i-biopsy ihlolwe futhi itholakale ibe nomdlavuza. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa kuyodingeka ngempela.
Izigaba ze-BIRADS:
Izigaba ngabanye zichazwe lapha, nokuhlanganiswa etafuleni elingezansi ukuze ubone ngeso lengqondo umehluko.
Isigaba 0: Akuphelele
I-mammogram yakho noma i-ultrasound ayizange inikeze i-radiologist ulwazi olwanele ukwenza ukuxilongwa okucacile. Lokhu akusho ukuthi udokotela wakho ukhathazekile ngomdlavuza webele. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwakho kubonisa izicubu ezibomvu kusuka ku-biopsy noma ukuhlinzwa okudlule noma ukuthi isifuba sesifuba esikhulu ngokwanele ukuzwa kalula asikucabangi ngokucacile. Kuzodingeka ube nesithombe sokulandelela esenziwe.
Isigaba 1: Esivamile
Azikho izixuku ezisolisayo noma izibalo zokubika futhi izicubu zakho zibukeka ziphilile.
Isigaba sesi-2: I-Benign noma i-Negative
Amabele anesayizi efanayo nobujamo kanye nezicubu zibukeka zijwayelekile. Noma yiziphi ama-cysts, fibroadenomas , noma ezinye izixuku zibonakala zingenangqondo.
Isigaba 3: Mhlawumbe uBenign
Azikho izilonda ezisolisayo, izixuku, noma izibalo zokubika, kepha ukulandelela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho mdlavuza okhona onconywayo. Lokhu kungahle kudingeke uma i-radiologist yakho ingenayo isisekelo sakho sokuqala noma i-mammogram yangaphambili ukuze uqhathanise.
Isigaba sesine: Kungenzeka ukuthi siyingozi
Kunezinye izilonda ezisolisayo, izixuku, noma izibalo zokubika kanye ne-biopsy yebele kunconywa ukuhlola indawo esolisayo.
Isigaba 5: Okubi
Kukhona izixuku ezinokubonakala komdlavuza. I-biopsy inconywa ukuba ihlolwe kahle. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi nakuba lesi sigaba "sinonya" kunezimbangi ezingabonakala njengomdlavuza kodwa ezihlobene nenqubo yokuzibulala. Izimo ezifana ne- adenosis , i- necrosis ye-fat , izibazi zomsakazo , i-mastitis, nokunye okuningi ngezinye izikhathi zingalingisa umdlavuza emkhathini.
Isigaba 6: Izicubu ezinonya : Isigaba 6 sisetshenziselwa kuphela uma izicubu ezivela kwi-biopsy zihlolwe futhi zitholakala ukuthi zinomdlavuza. Uma kunjalo, ukwelashwa okufana nokuhlinzwa , i-chemotherapy, kanye / noma imisebe kuyadingeka.
I-BIRADS Ithebula lezinombolo
| Isigaba | Ukuxilongwa | Inani lezinyathelo |
| 0 | Akuphelele | I-mammogram yakho noma i-ultrasound ayizange inikeze i-radiologist imininingwane eyanele yokwenza ukuxilongwa okucacile; Ukucabangela okulandelwayo kuyadingeka |
| 1 | Okubi | Akukho lutho lokubeka amazwana; ukuhlolwa kwesikhashana kunconyiwe |
| 2 | Benign | Ukuthola okuqondile okuqondile; ukuhlolwa kwesikhashana kunconyiwe |
| 3 | Mhlawumbe uBenign | Okutholakele okungenzeka ukuthi kunamathuba amaningi okuba benign (> amaphesenti angu-98); Isikhathi esilandelayo sezinyanga eziyisithupha esilandelayo |
| 4 | Ukungahleleki okusolayo | Akuyona isici somdlavuza wesifuba, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uyingozi (amaphesenti angu-3 kuya kwangu-94); i-biopsy kufanele icatshangelwe |
| 5 | I-Suspicious Highly ye-Malignancy | I-Lesion enamathuba aphakeme okuba amabi (> = = amaphesenti angu-95); uthathe isinyathelo esifanele |
| 6 | I-Biopsy Proven Malignancy eyaziwa | Izilonda eziziwa njengezinambuzane ezicatshangelwa ngaphambi kokuphathwa ngokuqondile; qinisekisa ukuthi ukwelashwa sekuphelile |
Amaphesenti we-BIRAD Score
Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi amaphuzu akho we-BIRADS ayithathi esikhundleni sodokotela wakho noma ama-radiologists imicabango mayelana ne-mammogram yakho, i-ultrasound, ezinye izivivinyo, noma okutholakele ekuhlolweni komtholampilo. Okunye okutholakele ngeke kufane kahle kulezi zigaba ezingenhla, futhi ngisho nangaphakathi kwezigaba, kungase kube nokuthola okuhlukahlukene. Kwabesifazane abasebasha, ikakhulukazi izingane, kanye nentsha, amaphuzu we-BIRADS angeke abe njengokwethenjelwa
Ngaphansi kwezingxenye zakho ze-BIRADS
Isikolo sakho se-BIRADS ku-mammogram yakho kanye / noma i-ultrasound ihlehlisiwe ibe yizigaba eziyisithupha ngokusekelwe kunanoma yikuphi okutholakele ukuba ngumdlavuza webele. Leli phuzu lingasiza ekubikezeleni ukuxilongwa kwakho nokwelashwa, kodwa kufanele kusetshenziswe ngaso sonke isikhathi kanye nengxoxo nodokotela wakho kanye / noma i-radiologist. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi okutholakele kumammogram noma i-ultrasound yedwa akukwazi ukunquma ukuthi umdlavuza ukhona yini. Kanti ngezinye izikhathi ikhansela liphuthelwa emlonyeni, futhi okunye okutholakele okunjengomdlavuza kungase kube yinto enobungozi. Ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-MRI yesifuba noma isifuba sebele singadingeka kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isikolo sakho sisekelwe kumpawu zakho nomlando womndeni.
> Imithombo:
> I-John's Hopkins Medicine. Ukufaniswa Kwesisu, Ukubika, Ne-Data System (BIRADS). https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/breast_center/treatments_services/breast_cancer_screening/digital_mammography/breast_imaging_reporting_data_system.html
> Koning, J., Davenport, K., Poole, P., Kruk, P., noJ. Grabowski. Ukufaniswa kwesisu-Ukubika kanye nohlelo lweDatha (i-BIRADS) Ukuhlukaniswa ku-51 Imisipha ye-Breast Palpable Pestatric Pediatric Masses. I-Journal ye-American College of Surgeons . 2014. 219 (3): S78-S79.