Uma ufana nabantu abaningi, kunethuba elihle ongakaze uzwe nge-flaccid myelitis (AFM) enamandla. Isimo esingavamile kakhulu esingabangela ukukhubazeka, futhi sithinta abantu abangaphansi kwesisodwa kubantu abayizigidi eziyi-1 e-United States.
Kodwa-ke, nakuba i-AFM ingavamile, ukunyuka okukhulu kwenani lamacala okutholakala kokubili ngo-2014 no-2016 kwaphawulwa.
Ngokuthakazelisayo, amacala ahlolwe aphansi ngo-2015. Ngenxa yokuthi le nkinga ayinakulinganiswa futhi izimbangela eziqondile aziwa, kudingeka sihlale phezulu futhi sazi ukuthi yini okufanele siyibukele.
Okudingeka Ukwazi
Uma lesi simo singavamile, ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungani udinga ukwazi ngakho nhlobo. Ukukhathazeka lapha ukuthi amacala akhula futhi asazi ukuthi kungani. Asazi ukuthi yini ebangelwa i-myelitis ekhanyayo futhi asikwazi ukuyivimbela.
Lesi simo sithinte kakhulu izingane, nakuba abanye abadala beye baxilongwa. Ukuzifundisa ngezimpawu nokuthi yini ongayilindela kuzosiza uma wena, ingane yakho, noma umuntu omaziyo itholakale ene-AFM.
Izimpawu
Akuwona wonke umuntu onesifo esibi se-flaccid myelitis ahlangabezana nezimpawu ezifanayo. Izimpawu ezenzeka nge-AFM zihlanganisa:
- Ukubuthakathaka okungazelelwe kwamalungu
- Ukulahlekelwa kwezwi le-muscle kanye ne-reflexes
- Ubuso obuseduze / ubuthakathaka
- Kunzima ukuhamba amehlo
- Amajwabu ama-drooping
- Kunzima ukukhuluma noma ukukhuluma okukhulunywe
Abanye abantu bangase babone ukuphazamiseka, ukugubha, noma ubuhlungu ezandleni nasemilenzeni, kodwa lezi zimpawu azivamile.
Ukuhluleka kokuphefumula kungenzeka uma imisipha esiza ekuphefumuleni iyathinteka. Kulezi zimo, umoya wokuphuza umoya ungadingeka, ngokuvamile ubizwa ngokuthi umshini wokuphefumula noma ukwesekwa kokuphila.
Abanye abantu bangase banenkinga yokudlula umchamo. Ubukhulu balezi zimpawu ziyahlukahluka ecaleni ngamacala.
Ukuxilongwa
Uma ingane yakho inezimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla futhi udokotela wakhe usola ukuthi angase abe ne-flaccid myelitis enamandla, kunezibalo eziningi ezingenziwa. Udokotela wezingane wengane uzohlola uhlelo lwakhe lwezinzwa ukuhlola ukucabanga kwakhe, ithoni ye-muscle, nobuthakathaka. I-MRI ivame ukuhanjiswa ukusiza ekuxilongweni.
Kungenzeka nokuthi ingane yakho ingase idingeke ibe ne-lumbar puncture-noma umpompi ophepheni-owenzelwe ukuhlola u-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) yamagciwane angabangela izimpawu.
Zonke lezi zivivinyo ndawonye zisiza ithimba lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuthi lihlolwe bese lithola ukwelashwa.
Kukhona amagciwane amaningi (ama-germs) angabangela izimpawu ze-AFM-like. Okuvame kakhulu okuye kwabonakala kubandakanya:
- I-enteroviruses (njenge-poliyo)
- I-Virus yeNew West
- I-Adenovirus
Ngeshwa, kaningi kunalokho, isizathu esiqondile se-AFM asikwazi ukukhonjwa.
Ngo-2014, kwaba nokuqubuka kwe-enterovirus eyaziwa nge-EV-68. Kwakukhona ukucabangela ukuthi lolu hlobo olusha lwe-enterovirus lungaba imbangela yokwanda kwama-AFM amacala kulo nyaka. Ngokusho kweCDC:
I-EV-D68 iye yavezwa ngaphambilini emifanekisweni yomtholampilo evela ezigulini ezimbalwa ezine-AFM. Kulezo zimo Nokho, akucaci ukuthi ukukhona kwe-EV-D68 kwakungenzeki noma ngabe yiyona imbangela ye-AFM. Kungakhathaliseki, ukuhlolwa okujulile kwezibonelo zemitholampilo kusuka kwamacala e-AFM ngo-2014 akutholakali i-pathogen ecacile futhi eqhubekayo.
Ukwelapha
Ayikho ukwelashwa okuqondile noma ukwelashwa kwe-myelitis enamandla e-flaccid. Izimpawu zivame ukuzixazulula zodwa kodwa zingapheli noma zisongela ukuphila. Abantu abatholwa ukuthi bane-AFM kuzodingeka baphathwe yiqembu labodokotela elingase lihlanganise neurologist futhi mhlawumbe-uma imbangela esithathelwanayo ibonakala-isazi esithathelwanayo nesifo. Odokotela bayonquma ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingase zisebenze ekunciphiseni izimpawu nokuvuselela umsebenzi. Abantu abaningi abane-AFM badinga okungenani ukwelashwa okungokwenyama noma ukuvuselelwa.
Indlela i-AFM ehlukile ngayo kwezinye izimo ezikhubazekile
Kunezifo eziningi nezimo eziningi ezibangelwa ukukhubazeka ngokuzumayo noma ukukhubazeka kancane kancane ezinganeni nakubantu abadala.
I-AFM ingase ingacatshangwa noma idideke ngesimo esifanayo esibizwa ngokuthi i- Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Nakuba izimpawu zifana, umehluko ohlukile phakathi kwe-AFM kanye ne-GBS ingabonakala kwi-MRI nangeminye imizamo i-neurologists engayenza. Uma isazi sezifo somntanakho sikhombisa enye yalezi zimo, kufanele ikudlulisele ku-neurologist yezingane ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuthola ukuhlolwa okucacile nokuxilongwa.
Ongakwenza
Iqiniso lokuthi asazi ukuthi yini ebangelwa i-flaccid myelitis noma indlela yokuphatha ngayo ingabesaba abazali abaningi nabahlinzeki bezempilo. Kunzima ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele ukwenze noma ukuyivimbela. Ama-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) aneziqondiso ezithile zokuzama ukuzivikela wena nabantwana bakho:
- Thola igciwane.
- Zivikele emanzini.
- Geza izandla zakho .
Nakuba ukwenza lezi zinto akuqinisekisi ukuthi izingane zakho ngeke zithole i-AFM, lezi zinyathelo zizozivikela ezifweni eziningi nezifo ezingase zibangele. Izinambuzane zithwala igciwane laseNtshonalanga yeNayile, ngakho-ke ukuvikela ukuvikela umiyane kubalulekile ekugwemeni.
Ayaziwa ukuthi ukuhlanza izandla kufanele kuvimbele i-AFM noma cha, kodwa ngokuqinisekile ngeke kwenzeke ubuhlungu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izingane zakho zigeza izandla ngendlela efanele kubaluleke kakhulu. Qinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu emndenini uyahlanza izandla ngaphambi kokudla, ngemuva kokusebenzisa indlu yokugezela, ngaphambi nangemva kokulungiselela ukudla, nangemva kokushintsha amathayi.
Izwi elivela
I-myelitis ekhanyayo enhle kakhulu isimo esingavamile kakhulu. Nakuba iqiniso lokuthi asazi ukuthi yini ebangela ukuthi singakwazi ukuliphatha ngokuphathelene nalokhu, asikho isidingo sokuba abazali bashayeke kakhulu. Abacwaningi be-CDC basebenza kanzima ukuthola ulwazi oluningi ngalesi simo.
> Imithombo:
> I-Myelitis evamile ye-Flaccid | Ukuhlolwa kwe-AFM | | I-CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/acute-flaccid-myelitis/afm-surveillance.html.
> I-Myelitis evamile ye-Flaccid. Amasevisi e-US for Control and Prevention Control. https://www.cdc.gov/acute-flaccid-myelitis/about-afm.html
> I-Myelitis evamile ye-Flaccid | Imibuzo Ebuzwa Ngokuvamile | I-CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/acute-flaccid-myelitis/faqs.html.
> Meissner, H. Cody MD, FAAP. Ingabe i-EV-D68 Infection iyimbangela ye-Acel Flaccid Myelitis e-Children? I-American Academy of Pediatrics. http://www.aappublications.org/news/2017/01/30/EVD013017