Kusho ukuthini uma une-stroke encane yomkhumbi?
I-stroke ukulimala kobuchopho obangelwa ukuvinjelwa kokugeleza kwegazi kuya esifundeni sobuchopho. I-arteries iletha ubuchopho e-oxygen ecebile. Ngenxa yendlela i-arteries ehlelwe ngayo, imishanguzo emikhulu ingena ebuchosheni bese ihlukanisa, ihlanganisa ukuqhutshwa komzimba ezincane nezincane kanye namaphilisi ukuze zinikeze izindawo eziseduze zobuchopho ngegazi okwenziwe nge-oxygen.
Uma i-artery enkulu ivinjelwe, wonke amagatsha avela kulowo mshini omkhulu akakwazi ukunikeza igazi elifanele ebuchosheni, futhi umphumela kuthiwa yi-stroke enkulu yomkhumbi. Uma igatsha elincane le-artery livinjelwa, khona-ke isisindo esincane semikhumbi senzeke, silimaze isifunda esincane sobuchopho .
Iyini isisindo esincane somkhumbi?
Ukuphazamiseka komkhumbi omncane ukuphazamiseka kokugeleza kwegazi emthonjeni omncane ebuchosheni. Igatsha le-Artery lingena kuma-capillary amancane alula igazi le-oxygen elicebile esifundeni esincane kakhulu sobuchopho. Ukushaywa kwesitokisi esincane kulimaza ingxenye yengqondo ehlinzekwa yisitsha esincane segazi, esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi insimu ye-vascular ye-artery encane.
Kungani kuqhuma izikebhe ezincane?
Kunezimbangela eziningi zezimbambo ezincane zezikebhe. I-artery encane ingaba yinto engavamile ngaphakathi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ijwayele ukubamba i-cholesterol enamathela kanye nama-blood clots njengoba igazi ligeleza.
Uma i-clot ifomu ngaphakathi kwesitsha segazi, ingavimbela ukugeleza kwegazi, lelo bhande libizwa ngokuthi i-thrombus.
Kodwa uma i-clot yegazi ivela kwenye indawo emzimbeni, ngokuvamile enhliziyweni noma emgodini we-carotid, ingakwazi ukukhipha futhi ihambe kwezinye izitsha zegazi, ekugcineni ingene emthonjeni omncane ebuchosheni ukudala isifo.
Lolu hlobo lokuhamba ngegazi lwegazi lubizwa ngokuthi i-embolus.
Imithwalo yegazi ewonakele ebuchosheni isetshenziselwa ukudala ama-blood clots embolic kanye nokuqothula ama-cloth yegazi le-thrombotic. Lapho imithwalo yegazi eminingi isifo, lesi simo sibhekwa njengesifo se-vascular. Lapho izitsha eziningana zegazi ebuchosheni zigula, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi yi- cerebrovascular disease .
Yini Ebangelwa Izifo Ze-Cerebrovascular?
Izindwangu ezincane zegazi zishintsha ngaphakathi ngaphakathi ngenxa yokuvezwa isikhathi eside ezimweni ezilimaza ukukhanya kwangaphakathi. Lezi zimo zibandakanya isifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye negazi eliphakeme le-cholesterol ne-triglyceride (amazinga aphezulu), ukucindezeleka kanye ne-toxin (ngokuvamile evame ukubhema ugwayi) emzimbeni.
Ngenhlanhla, izifo zesifo sofuba kanye nezinye izifo zengozi yokuhlaselwa zibuyiselwa.
Kwenzekani lapho umuntu ehlangabezana nesifo esincane somkhumbi?
Ukushaywa kwesitokisi esincane kungaba mnene, kodwa kungase kube nkulu kakhulu. Isisindo esincane semikhumbi singenzeka noma kuphi ebuchosheni.
- Iziphazamiso ezincane ze-Vessel Brainstem: Izibhamu ezincane ezithinta isifo sobuchopho zingabhubhisa , ngoba i-brainstem iyindawo encane elawula imisebenzi ebalulekile. Ukushaywa kwe-Brainstem kuhlanganisa ukushaywa kwe- midbrain, ukushaywa kwe- pontine , nokushaya kwemithi okufana ne- Wallenberg's syndrome .
- Iziphazamiso Ezincane Izigubhu Zomzimba: I- stroke encane ye- cortical ihlasela izifunda zangaphandle zobuchopho, ngokuvamile ezithola igazi emithonjeni eminingi yegazi. 'Ukuqoqa' ekuhlinzekeni kwegazi kuwumphumela wokuvikelwa okwenza ezinye izimbambo ezincane zemikhumbi engenayo imiphumela. Abanye bangakwazi ngisho nokungaqapheli ngokuphelele. I-stroke engaqondakali ibizwa ngokuthi yisifo sohlangothi esingenalutho . Inkinga ngokuba nezinhlangothi eziningi zokuthula ukuthi ekugcineni 'ukusekela' okuphindaphindiwe kwegazi kungaphazanyiswa, kubangele izimpawu eziphuthumayo kusuka kwesinye isisindo esincane somkhumbi- 'utshani owaphule amakamela.' Lokhu kungaholela enkingeni ebizwa ngokuthi i- dementia ye-vascular , okuyinto uhlobo lokuwohloka komqondo okuhlukile kwesifo se-Alzheimer's. Imiphumela ye-dementia ye-vascular ngenxa yokushaya izikebhe eziningi ezincane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Iziphazamiso ezincane zemikhumbi: Ukuncintwa okuncane kwe- subcortical , okuthinta izifunda ezijulile zobuchopho, kungabangela izimpawu ezinzima njengokulahlekelwa kwesimo noma ubuthakathaka, kepha ngokuvamile akuyona impilo engozini.
Qhubekela phambili
Ngaphandle kokuba uhlangothi lwakho oluthile lwesisu lubulawe yi-brainstem, lungaphezulu kwesibonakaliso sokuxwayisa kunesimo esisongela ukuphila. Iningi labantu lithola ukululama okunembile, kanti abanye bayaqhubeka bezwa izinyanga zokutakula eziphelele emva kokushaywa kwesitshalo esincane. Kodwa-ke, ukushaywa komkhumbi omncane kubalulekile ngokwanele ukuze kuguqulwe ushintsho olubi lokuphila okufaka ukulawula okufutheka kwezici zakho zokubeka isifo. Ukushaywa yisifo kungabulala noma kukhubaza. Ukuvimbela omunye uhlangothi kungafaka iminyaka engama-12 1/2 empilweni yakho ! I-stroke encane yomkhumbi kusho ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuzitholela ukuvinjelwa kwesifo sohlangothi.
> Imithombo
> I-Pattern and Rate of Cognitive Decline in Cerebral Small Vessel Illness: Study Study, Lawrence AJ, Brookes RL, Zeestraten EA, Barrick TR, Morris RG, Markus HS, PLoSONE, Agasti 2015