I-insulini ye-Type 2 yesifo sikashukela
I-insulini ingaba yinto ojwayele ukuhlobanisa nohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-1, kodwa hhayi uhlobo 2. Okuyiqiniso ukuthi, njengoba ukhula ubudala, ama-pancreas akho angakwazi ukukhathala, namaseli e-beta enza i-insulin (i-hormone esiza ukusimamisa ushukela wegazi ) angafa noma abe novila. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukulawula ushukela wegazi ngokudla, ukuvivinya umzimba, kanye nemithi yokwelapha yedwa kuphela okwanele ukuphatha uhlobo lwakho lwesifo sikashukela ngempumelelo.
Lokho kusho ukuthi udinga ukuthatha i-insulin engumuntu.
Ungase futhi udinga i-insulini uma ushukela wakho wegazi uphakeme kakhulu ekuxilongweni, uma unamandla kakhulu okuxilongwa nge-insulin, noma uma ungakwazi ukulawula ushukela wakho wegazi ngomuthi womlomo, ukudla nokuzivocavoca. Kuye ngesimo sakho, ungase ube ne-insulin kuphela isikhathi esifushane ukuze ulungiselele ushukela wegazi. Abanye bangadinga ukuthatha isikhathi eside.
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I-Free Freestyle: I-Glucose Meter Ngaphandle Kwesikhala Seminwe
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Indlela I-Insulin Esebenza Ngomzimba
Umuthi wonke wemithi yesifo sikashukela uhambisana nezidingo zabo ezithile. Uma uqala i-insulini, xoxa ukuthi kungani kunconywa, ukuthi uluhlobo luni oluthathe ukuthatha, nokuthi ulusebenzisa kanjani nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.
Yikuphi Ngokuqondile Ukukwenza I-Insulin?
I-insulin idlala indima eminingi, kodwa eyona eyinhloko ukusiza ukulinganisela ushukela wegazi. Ikhuthaza ukukhipha ushukela kusuka egazini ukuya emahlathini, isibindi namafutha, lapho kusetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla noma kugcinwe ngezidingo zamandla esizayo.
Uma sidla ama-carbohydrate, ama-pancreas akhipha umthwalo omkhulu we-insulini ukuze alethe ushukela wegazi lethu. Futhi uma siphumule, ama-pancreas akhiqiza i-insulini encane usuku lonke ukugcina ushukela wegazi luzinzile.
Abantu abangenayo isifo sikashukela benza inani eliphelele le-insulin ukulawula ushukela wegazi ngokwabo. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela, noma kunjalo, abanalo ikhono lokwenza lokho. Ngezinye izikhathi, abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili bangakwazi ukulawula ushukela wabo wegazi ngemithi yomlomo , ukudla nokuzivocavoca. Ngezinye izikhathi, kudingeka bathathe i-insulin ende, isikhathi sokudla , noma ukuhlanganiswa kokubili ukuze bathole umsebenzi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-insulini ezitholakalayo?
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ezahlukene ze-insulin etholakalayo:
- Ukushukela kwe-insulin ende
- I-insulin esebenza ngokushesha
- Ukuthatha i-insulin emfushane
- I-insulin esebenza ngaphakathi
- I-insulin ehlanganisiwe
Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-insulin ludalwa ngenjongo ethize. Ezinye zenzelwe ukunciphisa ushukela emva kokudla, abanye ukumboza ushukela wegazi emini, kanti ezinye zidalwe ukwenza kokubili. Ngezinye izikhathi abantu kudingeka bathathe uhlobo olulodwa lwe-insulin. Ngezinye izikhathi, abantu badinga ukuthatha izinhlobo ezimbili. I-insulini ihluke ekuqaleni (ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuba i-insulin iqale ukusebenza emva kokuthi uyijobe), ukuphakama (uma i-insulini isebenza ngamandla kakhulu ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi lakho), nobude (isikhathi esingakanani insulin ehlala emzimbeni wakho).
Abanye abantu abanesifo sikashukela badinga ukuthatha izinhlobo ezimbili ze-insulin ukulawula ushukela wegazi. Uma bengakwazi ukusebenzisa amaphole amabili (noma ezinye izindlela zokulethwa), ukuxubana kwe-insulin esebenzayo okuphakathi kanye nokufaka i-insulini esheshayo noma i-insulin emifushane ekhona. Awukwazi ukuhlanganisa i-insulin ehlala isikhathi eside nge-insulin esheshayo noma esheshayo engxenyeni eyodwa. I-insulin yangaphambi kokuxubana akuyona indlela enokwethenjelwa kakhulu yokulawula ushukela wegazi, kodwa yindlela ehlukile yokuthatha ama-injection amaningi futhi mhlawumbe kube lula kulabo bantu asebekhulile noma abakwazi ukuqonda kahle imijovo ehlukene ye-insulin. Lezi zinhlobo ze-insulin mix mix akuyona indlela enhle kubantu abadlula ukudla noma babe nezikhathi zokudla eziphuthumayo.
Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi uluphi uhlobo lwe-insulin oludingayo ukuthatha nokuthi kungani. Ngezinye izikhathi uhlelo lwakho lomshuwalense lukhetha uhlobo oluthile lwe-insulin. Uma izindleko zakho ze-insulin ziphakeme kakhulu, ungase uthande ukuhlola nomphathi womshuwalense wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthatha i-insulin ekhethwayo.
Nazi ezinye izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-insulini nokuthi ziqhathaniswa kanjani:
| Uhlobo lwe-Insulini | Qala | I-Peak | Isikhathi | Izibonelo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-insulin esebenza ngokushesha | Imizuzu engu-10 ukuya kwangu-30 | Imizuzu engu-30 kuya kwangu-90 | Amahora amathathu kuya kwangu-5 | I-apidra (i-insulin glulisine) I-Humalog (i-insulin lispro) I-NovoLog (i-insulin aspart) |
| Ukususa i-insulin emfushane | Imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwangu-60 | Amahora amabili kuya ku-5 | Kuze kube amahora angu-12 | I-Humulin R (i-insulin ejwayelekile) I-Novolin R (i-insulin ejwayelekile) |
| I-insulin esebenza ngaphakathi | 1.5 kuya ku-4 amahora | Amahora angu-4 kuya kwangu-12 | Amahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-16, kodwa angakwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside amahora angu-24 | I-Humulin N (i-NPH insulin) I-Novolin N (i-NPH insulin) |
| Ukushukela kwe-insulin ende | Ihora eli-1 | okuncane | Amahora angu-20 kuya kwangu-24 | I-Lantus (i-insulin glargine) * Levemir (insulin detemir) I-Toujeo (i-lantus efomeni layo eligxilile) ** Tresiba (i-insulin degludec) |
| I-insulin ehlanganisiwe | Imizuzu engu-5 kuya kwezingu-60 | ihlukahluka | Amahora angu-10 kuya kwangu-16 | I-Humalog 50/50 (i-50% esebenzelana ngokuphakathi + 50% esebenza ngokushesha) I-Humalog 75/25 (i-75% esebenzayo phakathi + 25% esebenza ngokushesha) I-Humulin 50/50 (i-50% esebenza ngokuphambene-esebenzayo + 50% i-short acting-acting) I-Humulin 70/30 (i-70% esebenzelana okuphakathi + 30% esebenzayo okwesikhashana) I-Novolin 70/30 (i-70% esebenzelana okuphakathi + 30% ehamba kancane) I-NovoLog 70/30 (i-70% esebenzayo ephakathi + 30% esebenza ngokushesha) |
* Le mithi ingashintsha ukuthi ihlala isikhathi esingakanani emzimbeni; Abantu abalinganiselwa emikhulu bangadinga ukuthatha izijovo eziningi.
** Ucwaningo oluthile lubonisa ukuthi ungahluka ngezikhathi zokwelapha zalesi sidakamizwa futhi usenalo ukuphathwa kweshukela egazini efanayo.
Ngithatha kanjani i-insulin?
I-insulini ingahanjiswa ngezinhlobo eziningi zamadivaysi. Okuvamile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 esetshenziswa namuhla kuthiwa i-insulin ipeni. Amanye amadivaysi afaka i-vial and syringe, ipompo ye-insulin, i-insulin patch pump, futhi i-insulin engenele.
Ipeni le-insulini: Ipeni le-insulini iyisisetshenziswa esisetshenziselwa ukuletha i-insulini usebenzisa inaliti encane, engakwazi ukuyenza . Amaphoyinti angasetshenziselwa ukuletha izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside futhi esheshayo, kanye nama-premixed insulin. Zithola igama ngoba ziphathelene nosayizi nokuma kwe-inkini.
Ipeni lingase ligcwaliswe ngaphambili nge-insulin (lezi zilahla) noma ungabekwa umloba onokubuyisela. Uma unepeni elivuselelekayo, kufanele ulilayishe nge-cartridge ye-insulin (ithengiswe ngokuhlukile emabhokisini ama-cartridges amahlanu). Ngokuya ngobukhulu bamanani akho, i-cartridge ingakunika i-insulin eyanele ukuba idlule izinsuku eziningi ezinemijovo. Uma i-cartridge ingenalutho, uyiphonsa futhi ulayishe i-cartridge entsha. Uma usuqedile nge-insulin ipeni elilahla, umane ulilahle.
Ngaphambi kokuzijova nge-insulini, kufanele unamathisele inaliti. Kumele usebenzise inaliti entsha ngomjovo ngamunye. Zonke izikhogwe ezingasetshenziswa kumele zifriji. Uma usuvule ipeni bese uqala ukuyisebenzisa, ungayigcina ngaphandle kwesiqandisisi. Amapeningi amaningi ahlala ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-28 kuya kwezingu-30, kuye ngokuthi ipeni (njalo ufunde i-pack package). Hlela ukugwema ukuveza izikhombe ezibandayo eziphezulu futhi qinisekisa ukuthi ulahla konke ukushaya noma isitsha sokufaka izintambo noma isitsha sokufakazela ubufakazi. Cela uthisha wakho oqinisekisiwe wesifo sikashukela noma udokotela ukuze afundise ukuthi ujobe kahle i-insulin dose.
- I-Insulin Injection-Yazi kanjani
- Indlela Yokuzivikela Ngokuphepha Kwe-Sharps Ukuvimbela Ukulimala Nezifo
I-Vial and syringe: I- insulini ingahanjiswa nge-vial noma isitsha esincane seglasi. Ama-syringes ahlukahluka ekutheni i-insulini engakanani, futhi nokuthi i-needle ilukhuni kangakanani. Uzofaka inaliti yakho (noma i-syringe) emgodini ukuze ususe i-insulin eyanele. Udokotela wakho, umhlengikazi, noma uthisha oqinisekisiwe wesifo sikashukela angakubonisa ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nzima kubantu abanezinkinga zokuxoshwa noma abantu asebekhulile abanenkinga yokufunda izinombolo ezincane. Kukhona uhlelo lokwenza lokhu; uma kungenziwanga kahle, ungadonsa inani elingafanele le-insulin, elingathinta ushukela wegazi lakho.
Ipompo ye-insulini: Ipompo ye-insulin iyisisetshenziswa esincane, esiphezulu se-pager esihlinzekela umthamo oqhubekayo we-insulini ngokusebenzisa i-cannula ukumboza izidingo zakho zokuqala noma izidingo ezingemuva kwe-insulin. Kungaphinde ihambise i-insulini ukuze igubhe ushukela wesikhathi sakho sokudla, okubhekwa ngokuthi ukuxolisa . Ukuze abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 bafaneleke nge-pump insulin, badinga ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile.
I-insulin patch pump: I-insulin patch pump iyisistimu yokuhambisa i-insulin ephathekayo, engenasifo, engahlanjululwa (njengepompo elincane). Kuyinto elula kakhulu isisindo, cishe 0.7 kuya 1.8 ounces, futhi 2.4 amasentimitha ubude, 1.3 amasentimitha ububanzi kanye nengxenye intshi ubukhulu. Kwamukelwa yi-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ngonyaka ka-2010 futhi kuye kwadayiswa e-United States kusukela ngo-2012. Yenza okufanayo ne-insulin pump ngoba inikeza inani eliqhubekayo le-basal insulin ngesikhathi samahora angu-24 futhi inikeza i-bolus insulin (i-insulini esiza ukumboza ngemva kokudla ushukela wegazi). Iza ngezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene.
I-insulin engenele: I- Afreeza i-insulin esebenza ngokushesha esetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ushukela wegazi wesikhathi. Akunconywa kubantu ababhema. Lokhu kuhoxiswa kwe-insulini akukabiwanga njalo, njengoba kubiza futhi kungabonisa kuphela amayunithi amane, ayisishiyagalombili, kanye nama-12 noma i-insulin ngesikhathi, okungenakwenzeka kulabo abangaphezu kwe-insulini engaphansi.
- I-Afreeza Insulin Powder
Ngifanele Ngithathe Nini I-Insulini?
Isikhathi se-insulini sizoxhomekeka ezintweni eziningana, kufaka phakathi uhlobo luni lwe-insulin oyithathayo, inombolo yakho yeshukela yegazi nezinhloso , kanye nesimiso sakho sokudla. Abanye abantu abane-type 2 yesifo sikashukela badinga kuphela ukuthatha umjovo owodwa ngosuku, kanti abanye bangadinga ukuthatha ama-insulin amaningi ukuze bafinyelele. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ukuthi zingaki izijova oyidingayo ngosuku futhi uma kufanele uziphathe ukuze ufinyelele ushukela wegazi lakho. Uma ungaqiniseki, cela.
Yiziphi Izindlela Ezingenzeka Zomphumela We-Insulini?
Umphumela oyinhloko we-insulini ushukela ephansi wegazi, owaziwa njenge-hypoglycemia . Ushukela ophansi wegazi ungenzeka uma uthatha i-insulini eningi kakhulu, uma uthatha i-insulin nokuzivocavoca isikhathi eside, noma uma uthatha i-insulin ngaphandle kokudla okwanele (noma nhlobo). Ushukela ophansi wegazi uchazwa njengoshukela ongaphansi kuka 70 md / dL. Izimpawu zeshukela ephansi yegazi zihlanganisa ukuthuthumela, ukujuluka, ukudideka, nokuzizwa.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukulungisa ishukela segazi eliphansi. Uma ushukela egazini lakho liphansi, liphathe ngamagremu angu-15 e-carbohydrate esebenza ngokushesha, afana nama-ounces amane ejusi, amaphilisi amane e-glucose, ama-candies amahlanu aqinile, noma ama-ounces ayisishiyagalombili obisi lwe-skim. Phinda ubuye ushukela wegazi lakho futhi uqiniseke ukuthi likhuphukile ngaphezu kwe-70mg / dL. Uma kungenjalo, phinda ukwelashwa. Uma sekukhulile, kungase kudingeke ube ne-snack encane ne- carbohydrate namaprotheni ukuyivimbela ukuthi ingawa futhi. Uma uhlangabezana neshukela ephansi yegazi ngokuvamile, kufanele uxhumane nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Kungadingeka ushintshe umthamo wakho we-insulin.
Omunye umphumela ohlangothini lwe-insulin uyinzuzo yesisindo. I-insulini iyi-hormone yokugcina amafutha. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho ushukela wakho wegazi uphakanyiswa futhi ziqala ukujwayelekile, umzimba wakho uqala ukusebenzisa i-glucose yakho uyayidla futhi ungathola isisindo. Ungase ube nesisindo uma unesisindo esikhulu se-insulini. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzama ukuqinisa isisindo sakho ukuhlose ukudla ukudla okunempilo nokuzivocavoca.
Ezinye i-insulin ingase ibe neminye imiphumela emibi njengokwenziwa kwe-site yomjovo. Qinisekisa ukuthi ufunde ukufakwa kwephakheji yemithi futhi uxoxe ngemiphumela emibi ye-insulin ethize nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.
Izwi elivela
Ukuqala i-insulin kungase kuzwakale kuyethusa, kodwa kuyindlela nje yomzimba yokutshela ukuthi idinga usizo oluthile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uqala i-insulin ehlala isikhathi eside, i-insulin yokudla, noma enye inhlanganisela ye-insulini, uma uthola i-hang yezinto, uzobona ukuthi akunzima noma kuyesabeka njengoba uke wacabanga. Futhi uma unesifo senaliti, kungase kukududuze ukwazi ukuthi izinaliti namuhla zincane kakhulu futhi zincane. Ukushintsha kungaba nzima, kodwa ungakwenza.
> Imithombo;
> I-American Association of Diabetes Educators. I-Insulin Injection-Yazi kanjani. https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/Insulin_Injection_How_To_AADE.pdf
> I-Joslin Diabetes Center. I-insulini AZ: Umhlahlandlela Wezinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene ze-Insulini. http://www.joslin.org/info/insulin_a_to_z_a_guide_on_different_types_of_insulin.html
> Novo Nordisk. Tresibs. http://www.novo-pi.com/tresiba.pdf
> Sanofi -Aventis. Toujeo. http://products.sanofi.us/Toujeo/Toujeo.pdf