Naphezu kokuqinisekiswa okuvela eziphathimandla, abanye bahlala bengabaza
Ake siqale ngokusho okusobala: ukubamba kubhekwa phakathi kwezinto ezingenakusebenza kakhulu zokudlulisela i-HIV komuntu oyedwa kuya komunye, ngengozi ebhekwa noma yikuphi okungekho emthethweni ekubeni engekho.
Kuze kube manje, kuye kwaba khona icala elilodwa kuphela, eliyinkimbinkimbi lapho owesifazane ongenawo igciwane lesandulela ngculaza kuthiwa utheleleke ngumlingani wakhe wesilisa ogciwane lesandulela ngculaza, okusolakala ukuthi ubaba wamanga njalo njalo eminyakeni emibili, ngokuvamile izinsini eziphaphayo.
Yini eyenza leli cala-elabikwa kwi-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) emuva ngo-1996-osolwa kakhulu ukuthi lo mbhangqwana uphinde wabika ukuthi i-condom breakage ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubika ukuthi basebenzise i- nonoxynol-9 lubricant (manje owaziwa ukwandisa ingozi ye-HIV kubantu besifazane), futhi kubika ukuthi unezocansi zangasese kanye nobulili bomlomo ngaphandle kwekhondomu ngesikhathi sokuhlangana kwabo.
Ngenkathi i-CDC ibike ukuthi babesolwa ukuthi ukutheleleka nge-HIV "kungenzeka ukuthi ihlotshaniswa nokuvezwa kwezingqamuzana ezingenayo igazi elingcolile," abakwazi ukukhipha ubulili besifazane, ubulili bomlomo, noma enye into engenzeka.
Ngaphandle kwalesi sigameko esisodwa, akubekho icala elibhaliwe lapho ukuzingela kwedwa kubonakala njengendlela yokudlulisela i-HIV kunoma yisiphi isimo sobulili noma sezenhlalakahle.
Ukusungula Imibandela Yokudluliswa kwe-HIV
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula njalo ukuthi kunezimo ezine okumelwe zihlangane ukuze kuhanjiswe i-HIV:
- Kumele kube khona ukushisa komzimba lapho i-HIV ingakhula khona , njengendoda, igazi, uketshezi lwesisu noma ubisi lwebele. I-HIV ayikwazi ukuphumelela emoyeni noma ezindaweni ezithile zomzimba ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-asidi (njengesisu noma isisu) noma izivikelo zokulwa namagciwane (njengomlomo).
- Kumele kube khona indlela yokudlulisela phambili , njengemisebenzi ethile yezocansi, izinaliti ezabelwana, ukutholakala emsebenzini , noma ukudluliselwa kusuka kumama kuya kumntwana .
- Kudingeka kube khona ukuthi igciwane lifinyelele amaseli asengozini ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho , noma ngokuphuka noma ukungena kwesikhumba, ukungena emathisini , noma kokubili. I-HIV ayikwazi ukungena esikhunjeni esicacile.
- Kumelwe kube namazinga okwanele egazini emzimbeni womzimba , yingakho amathe, ukuthuthumela, nezinyembezi yizinto ezingenakwenzeka ngoba izinga legciwane kulezi ziphuzo zibhekwa njengenganele ukutheleleka.
Ngokusekelwe kulezi zimo, amathuba okudluliswa nge-HIV ngokumanga akubheki nje kuphela kodwa ayenakwenzeka kakhulu.
I-AIDS Phobia ne-Conspiracy Theorists
Ngalokho kuthiwa, kukhona abantu abasesaba ukuthi ukutheleleka kungenzeka kusuka emithonjeni engaqondakali, kuhlanganise nokuthinta, ukusabalala, imikhiqizo yokuhlanza okwabelwana ngayo, nokubanga. I-AIDS phobia , ekhubazekayo nengenangqondo ye-HIV, idlala ingxenye enkulu kulezi zinkolelo. Ngezinye izikhathi, umuntu angase abone ukuthi u- contrarian ubheka nge-HIV noma uvele engaqondanga kahle nge-HIV ngokujwayelekile.
Kulabo bantu ngabanye, ukwelulekwa ngoprofeshini oqeqeshiwe kungadingeka kanye ne-psychotherapy kulabo abanenkinga enkulu noma ukucindezeleka. Ukwengeza, uma umuntu engozini yokuthola i-HIV noma ubuhlobo obuxubile (ubuhlobo be-serodiscordant), odokotela bangase bafune ukucabangela ukubeka isandulelangculazi ngaphambi kokushisa i-prophylaxis (i-PrEP) , iphilisi le-once-day elinganciphisa ingozi ye-HIV ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-90.
Ngeshwa, lezi zinhlobo zezinkolelo nezinkolelo akuzona ezodwa njengoba zingase zibe khona. Ngokwesifundo se-2011 eshicilelwe encwadini ethi AIDS Behavior , abaningi abangamaphesenti angama-49 ase-Afrika aseMelika basekholelwa ukuthi i-HIV isetshenziselwa izakhi zofuzo nge-CIA, kanti amaphesenti angu-68 anikezela ekukholweni ukuthi i-US Food and Drug Administration ivimbela ngamabomu ukuphulukiswa kwemvelo I-HIV ingavunyelwa.
Imithombo:
> Bogart, L .; Galvan, F .; Wagner, G; et al. "I-Longitudinal Association ye-HIV Yokuziqhenya Ngokweqhinga Ngezocansi Ngengozi Yezocansi Phakathi Kwabesilisa Abomnyama Abaphila negciwane lesandulela ngculazi." Ukuziphatha kwe-AIDS. Agasti 2011; 15 (6): 1180-1186.
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. "Ukudluliselwa kwe-HIV okungenzeka kuhlotshaniswa nokuboniswa kwezimbungulu zamathambo kugazini elingcolile." Ukulimala nokufa Kwembiko Yamaviki onke (MMWR). NgoJulayi 11, 1997; 46 (27); 620-623.