Ukuhlukanisa Ingozi Ekhokhelwe Ngomngcipheko Wezinkomba
Kukhona inkolelo evame ukukholelwa kubantu abaningi ukuthi ubulili bomlomo bubeka ingozi encane noma engenayo ingculaza. Kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi, njenganoma yimuphi omunye umsebenzi wezocansi, ubulili bomlomo buba nomthelela wokudlulisela i-HIV nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi . Ubungozi bukhulu nakakhulu emibhangqweni yokuxuba ( serodiscordant ), abantu abanezixuku eziningi zobulili, noma kulabo ababelana ngezinaliti .
Iqiniso liyatshelwa , ukugwema ucansi kungase kube yindlela kuphela yokugwema ngokuphelele ukuhanjiswa ngokocansi kwe-HIV, kodwa lokho kuyiqiniso kanjani?
Amadokhumenti ngokubhekelana nemingcipheko yemibono yezocansi zomlomo
Ezimweni zokuhlukunyezwa, ingozi ihlukaniswa njengokuthi ibhalwe phansi (lapho ukudluliselwa okuye kwalinganiswa futhi kuqoshiwe ezincwadini zesayensi) noma inkolelo (lapho ukudluliselwa kunokwenzeka, kungenakwenzeka).
Ngenkathi sekuye kwaba khona ingozi egciniwe yegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ngezocansi zomlomo, inamba iyinto encane kakhulu, cishe kuze kube yilapho ingaba khona. Leli qiniso elilula ukuthi kunzima ukubala ingozi yangempela ngezocansi zomlomo , ngenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi abenza kanjalo bahlanganyela kwezinye izinhlobo zobulili, futhi kubandakanya ubulili besilisa noma besilisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubulili bomlomo bubandakanya imisebenzi ehlukene (oral-penile, oral-vaginal, oral-anal), izindima ezahlukene (ukwamukeleka, ukufaka), kanye nezinguquko zendima (ukwamukeleka ukufakela kanye nokunye), ukuqhubeka nokuthungatha ingozi engokoqobo umsebenzi ngamunye umelela.
I-Oral-Penile (i-Fellatio)
- Ingozi yezinkolelo: Nge- fallatio , kunengozi yokudluliselwa komlingani owemukelayo ngoba isandulela-pele se-ejaculate ("pre-cum") noma imbongolo ingangena emlonyeni. Kumlingani ofaka isandla kukhona ingozi yemfundiso yokutheleleka ngoba igazi elithathelwanayo kusuka kumagundane okhipha umlingani noma isifo esivulekile singathintana nesisindo, ukusika noma ukulimala epeni.
- Ingozi eqoshiwe: Nakuba ubungozi buningi izikhathi ezingaphansi kwezingcansi zangasese noma zangasese, kube khona amacala lapho i-HIV idluliselwa kumlingani owemukelayo ngokusebenzisa i-fallatio ngisho nalapho abalingani abangenayo bengacabangi.
I-Oral-Vaginal (Cunnilingus)
- Ingozi yezinkolelo: I- Cunnilingus ithatha ingozi yemfundiso yokudlulisela i-HIV kumlingani ofaka umfutho (umuntu uhlambalaza indawo yangasese) ngoba uketshezi lwamagciwane okwesisu ogulayo kungangena emlonyeni. Ngokufanayo, kunengozi yokudluliselwa komlingani owemukelayo (umuntu okhohliswayo) uma igazi elithathelwanayo lisuka emlonyeni womlomo noma izinsini eziphuma egazini zixhumana nocansi noma izilonda.
- Ingozi eqoshiwe: Futhi, ingozi yokudlulisela i-HIV kusuka ku-cunnilingus iphansi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nobulili besifazane nesilwane. Kodwa-ke, kube khona amacala okuhlakaza lapho ukutheleleka kwe-HIV cishe kubangelwa ukukhuluma ngocansi ngomlomo.
I-Oral-Anal (i-Anilingus)
- Ingozi yemvelo : I- Anilingus inomthelela wokuba nokudluliselwa komlingani ofaka umfutho (umuntu okhohlisayo i-anus) uma kukhona ukuchayeka kwegazi elithathelwanayo, noma ngokucutshungulwa noma okubuhlungu ku-anus noma i-rectum. I-Anilingus ithatha ingozi yemfundiso kumlingani owemukelayo (umuntu okhohliswayo) uma igazi elithathelwanayo emanzini lihlangana nocansi / ama-rectal cuts noma izinyembezi.
- Ingozi eqoshiwe: Kuze kube manje, kube khona icala elilodwa elishicilelwe lokudluliswa kwe-HIV elihlobene nokuxhumana ngomlomo. Ngenxa yalokho, i-anilingus ibhekwa njengenye yezindlela ezingenakwenzeka kakhulu zokudluliswa kwe-HIV.
> Imithombo:
> Boily, M .; I-Baggaley, i-R .; Wang, L .; et al. "Ingozi yokuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili ngokobulili ngesandulela ngculaza-1 ngesenzo socansi ngalunye: Ukubuyekezwa kwesistimu kanye nokuhlaziywa kwemeta yezifundo zokuhlola." Izifo ezithathelwanayo zeLancet. Februwari 2009; 9 (2): 118-129.
> Dosekun, O. kanye noFox, J. "Ukubukezwa kwezingozi ezihlobene nezindlela ezihlukene zokuziphatha ngokobulili ekudluliseni i-HIV." Imibono yamanje ku-HIV ne-AIDS , ngoJulayi 2010; 5 (4): 291-297.
> Ikhasi-Schafer, K .; Shiboski, C .; Osmond, D .; et al. "Ingozi yokutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculazi ehambisana nobulili ngomlomo phakathi kwabantu abesilisa nabesilisa nabesilisa abalala nobulili namadoda." AIDS. NgoNovemba 22, 2012; 16 (7): 2350-2352.