Isivivinyo sokukhuluma ngokuzwakalayo (VFT) yisivivinyo esifushane sokuhlola esihlola umsebenzi wokucabanga. Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa odokotela kanye nabanye odokotela uma kunokukhathazeka okuthile ukuthi lo muntu angase abe ne- Alzheimer noma olunye uhlobo lokuwohloka komqondo .
Izindlela zokuhlola
Ngegama layo, ungase ucabange ukuthi ukuhlolwa kunento yokukhuluma nokusheshisa, futhi uzobe ulungile.
Ukuhlolwa kuqukethe ukunikeza umuntu amasekhondi angu-60 ngokubhala ngezindlela eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka esigabeni. Odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa ukuhlolwa komlomo ngezindlela ezimbili ezahlukene:
I-Semantic / Isigaba esincane
Umuntu uceliwe ukuba abhale zonke izilwane angazicabanga emasekhondini angu-60 alandelayo. Ukuhluka okunye kuhlanganisa ukucela umqashi wokuhlola ukuhlunga zonke izithelo, imifino noma imisebenzi engayicabangela ngemizuzwana engama-60.
I-Phonetic / i-Letter Subtest
Ku-subtest ye-fonetiki, incwadi ikhethwa ngumqondisi wokuhlola futhi umuntu ucelwa ukuba abize wonke amagama aqala ngalolo lwazi. Izinhlamvu ezivame kakhulu zikhethiwe ziyi-F, A, no-S. Abanye odokotela bazoba nomuntu ngamunye enze uhlolo lwesibili lwama-60 encwadini ngayinye, kanti abanye bazokhetha nje incwadi eyodwa.
Ukulinganisa
Ukuze uphawule i-VFT, ubale inani lenani lezilwane noma amagama umuntu akwazi ukukukhiqiza. Amaphuzu angaphansi kuka-17 abonisa ukukhathazeka, nakuba abanye abasebenzisa abangu-14 njengendlela yokuqeda.
Ngokuvamile, uma othile ehola ngaphansi kuka-17, umphathi wokuhlola uzosebenzisa ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze aqhubeke nokuhlola ukuqonda.
Ukunemba
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-VFT ye-semantic, ikakhulukazi, ifaniswa nhlobo kokubili kwe- MMSE kanye nezikolo zokulinganisa kwe-Clinical Dementia, ezinye izivivinyo ezimbili ezivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa kwengqondo.
I-subtest ye-semantic nayo iboniswe ukuthi iphumelele kakhulu ekulinganiseni ukusebenza okuphezulu kanye nekhono lolimi. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba i-semantic / i-subtest yesigaba ibonakala idinga izinga eliphezulu lezinqubo zokucabanga kusukela abantu kufanele bacabange ngencazelo kunokuqala nje imisindo yamagama.
I-subtest ye-fonetiki ayibonakali engacabangi ezinyathelweni zakuqala zengqondo ye-dementia; Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yokuhlolwa njengoba abantu bebudala bezinzile, okwenza ithuluzi eliwusizo. Uma othile ehlunga kabi ku-subtest ye-fonetiki, cishe kungenzeka ukuthi uyinkomba yokuncipha kwengqondo kunokuba ugugile.
I-VFT Pros ne-Cons
Izinzuzo:
- Okufushane kakhulu- I-VFT, kufaka phakathi kokubili ukuxhaphaza, ngokuvamile ithatha noma yikuphi imizuzu emithathu kuya kweyishumi ukuqedela kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekupheleni. Ingxenye eyodwa yalolu vavanyo ingagcwaliswa yilowo nalowo kumasekhondi angu-60.
- Kunembile ekuhloleni ukucindezeleka kwengqondo - Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, i-VFT yindlela esheshayo neyinkimbinkimbi yokuhlola ukusebenza komuntu okucatshangelwayo.
- Ukuphika okuncane noma ukwenqaba ukubamba iqhaza- Iningi labantu liyavuma ukuthatha lokhu kuhlolwa nokuliqedela. Lokhu kungase kube ngoba ukufakwa kuhlu kwamagama akuzwakala ukwesabisa abantu, futhi umzuzwana wamasekhondi angu-60 ungase ukhuthaze nokuqedwa kokuhlolwa.
- Akukho izindleko- Ngokungafani nezinye izivivinyo zokucabangela lapho kufanele uthenge amakhophi wokuhlola kanye nezincwajana zeziyalezo, i- VFT ayikho izindleko.
- Kulula ukuqondisa- I-VFT ayidingi ukuqeqeshwa okubanzi ngaphambi kokuphathwa kokuhlolwa.
- Ayidingi ezinye izinto- Azikho izinto ezidingekayo ukuze kuqhutshwe lesi sivivinyo ngaphandle kwedivaysi yesikhathi kanye nendlela yokulandelela inani lamagama umuntu akhiqiza.
Umthengi:
- Ukusebenza kungathonywa izinga lezemfundo kanye neminyaka yobudala- Ucwaningo oluningi luye lwafakazela ukuthi inani lemfundo kanye neminyaka yomuntu (ikakhulukazi kwi-subtest ye-semantic) ithinta ukusebenza futhi kufanele ifakwe phakathi uma usebenzisa i-VFT.
- I-VFT kufanele isetshenziswe ngokubambisana nezinye ukuhlolwa kwe-dementi- Ukuxilongwa kwe- dementia akufanele kube kuphela kwi-VFT. Okunye, ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe , kanye nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kanye nokusebenza kwegazi, kufanele kusetshenziswe uma umuntu ebonisa ubunzima ngalolu vivinyo.
Imithombo:
I-Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. Ukuhlolwa kwesigaba se-fluency: imiphumela yobudala, ubulili kanye nemfundo ngezibalo eziphelele, ukuqoqa nokushintshwa kwezihloko ezikhuluma isiPutukezi.
> de Araujo NB, Barca ML, Engedal K, Coutinho ESF, Deslandes AC, Laks J. Verbal ngokuzwakalayo esifweni Alzheimer, isifo sikaPasinson, nokucindezeleka okukhulu. 2011; 66 (4). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3093793/.
Dement Neuropsychol 2009 uDisemba; 3 (4): 315-320. Isivivinyo se-Semantic Verbal Fluency in dementia; Ukuhlaziywa kwangaphambili kokubuyisela emuva.
Dement Neuropsychol 2008 December; 2 (4): 328-332. Ukukhuluma ngomlomo ngamazwi kanye nobudala Isifundo sokuqala.
> Gladsjo JA, Schuman CC, Evans JD, Peavy GM, Miller WS, Heaton RK. Izinkomba zezinhlamvu nokuhlelwa kwesigaba: Ukulungiswa kwemibandela yobudala, imfundo, nobuzwe - Jul 26, 2016. Ukuhlola . Julayi 2016. ini: 10.1177 / 107319119900600204. http://asm.sagepub.com/content/6/2/147.
Isikhungo se-Alzheimer's Wisconsin. School of Wisconsin School of Medicine kanye Nempilo Yomphakathi. Ukubukwa Kwememori kanye Nezinhlelo Zokuqala Zokuxilonga eWisconsin.