Imishanguzo ingavimbela ngokungaqondile i-MS ibuyele emuva, ngaphezu kwezifo ezinzima
Ngenxa yokukhathazeka kwangaphambili ukuthi imithi ethile yokugoma ingabangela ukubola kwesifo se-multiple sclerosis, abantu abaningi baye bathola isimo sengqondo sokuqaphela uma kuziwa ekutholeni ukugoma.
Iqiniso liwukuthi izifundo zesayensi azikhombisi ukuxhumana phakathi kokugonywa nomuthi wokugoma futhi zibe nengozi eyengeziwe yokwehliswa kwe-MS, noma azikho nje izifundo eziye zenziwa ukufakazela isixhumanisi esinjalo.
Ngakho noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka "kuwukuphela kokucabangela ngaphandle kokusekelwa kwesayensi.
Eqinisweni, imishanguzo ibaluleke kakhulu ekuvikeleni izifo, ezinye zazo ezingasongela labo abane- MS . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umuntu onama-MS angase abe nesimiso sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka ngokuthatha imithi ye-steroids kanye / noma imithi ethile yokuguqula izifo. Yiqiniso, ukuthola isifo kungabuye kubangele ukuphindaphinda kwe-MS-i-double whammy emzimbeni wakho.
Ngenkathi udokotela wakho kufanele azi ukuthi yimiphi imithi ongayenza futhi ayikwazi ukuba nayo, kungcono kakhulu ukuba nolwazi ngokwakho, njengoba kunamanye amaphutha (ngisho nasemphakathini wezokwelapha). Ngokusho nje, ukuqonda iqiniso ngemuva kokuphepha kwegciwane kungasindisa impilo kuwe noma othandekayo wakho.
Imishanguzo Evikelekile Kubantu abane-MS
Umuthi Wokugoma We-Flu
I-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) incoma umgomo wokugoma wonyaka wonke umuntu onyangeni eziyisithupha nangaphezulu.
Ukuthola ukuguqulwa komkhuhlane waminyaka yonke kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abane-multiple sclerosis ukuthatha imithi yokuzivikela (njengama-steroids angamahlalakhona noma ezinye izifo eziguqula izifo ezifana noNovantrone). Nakuba kungcono ukuthola umkhuhlane wakho udutshulwa ngo-Okthoba, kamuva kungcono kunanini ngaphambili.
Isizathu sokuthi noma yimuphi umuntu one-MS (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yimiphi imishanguzo yokuguqula izifo ezithathayo) angathola i-injectable flu shot shot ngoba ayinayo igciwane eliphilayo.
Okuwukuphela kwalokho ukuthi abantu baseLamtrada (alemtuzumab) kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi bathola umkhuhlane wadutshulwa amasonto ayisithupha ngaphambi kokukhipha kweLemtrada. Lokhu kuzokwenza ngcono amandla omzimba wakho wokuzivikela ukuze enze ama-antibodies ngokumelene negciwane lesifo sogciwane.
Umgomo wokugoma komkhuhlane we-FluMist kanye ne-Fluzone high dose umgomo wokugoma awukhuthazwa kubantu abane-MS. I-FluMist iqukethe igciwane elibhekene ne-attenuated (okusho ukuthi igciwane liyashintsha ngakho liyabuthakathaka, kodwa lisaphila). Ngakho-ke lokhu akukwaziswa ngabantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, njengoba kungabenza bagule.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuphawula ukuthi i-CDC okwamanje ayincoma i-FluMist kunoma yimuphi umuntu (kungakhathaliseki amandla omzimba omzimba) ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokusebenza kwayo.
I-Fluzone iyi-inactivated (ngakho ayikho igciwane lesandulela ngculazi) kodwa ngokuvamile inconywa kulabo abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu, njengoba iqukethe i-antigen kaningi. Lokhu kubalulekile ukudala ukuphendula kwamagciwane omzimba kunabantu abamukelayo kusukela isimiso somzimba sokuvikela omzimba ngokwemvelo sisinciphisa ngobudala.
Lokhu kuthiwa, iNational MS Society ayincomo i-Fluzone kubantu abane-MS, njengoba okwamanje akukho cwaningo oluhlola imiphumela yalo kubantu abane-MS.
I-Pneumovax 23 ne-Prevnar 13 I-Pneumococcal Vaccines
Imishanguzo ye-pneumococcal (kunezinhlangothi ezimbili) ivikela izinhlobo zamabhaktheriya ezingabangela ukuphefumula, okungukutheleleka kokutheleleka kwamaphaphu. Zombili lezi mishanguzo azisebenzi futhi zibhekwa ziphephile kubantu abane-MS. Ngenkathi i-CDC incoma kokubili imithi yabantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-65 noma ngaphezulu (noma ngabe bane-MS), i-American Academy of Neurology iphinde iphakamise imithi kulabo abane-MS abanenkinga yamaphaphu, kanye / noma labo abasebenzisa isitulo sabakhubazekile bonke isikhathi noma uboshwe.
I-TDAP (iTetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis) Umuthi wokugoma
I-tetanus isifo esivela amabhaktheriya i- Clostridium tetani, futhi ingabangela ukuqina kwemisipha ebuhlungu, ukuxubha komhlathi, ukugubha, nezinkinga zokugwinya.
Ukugoma kwe-tetanus kunconywa kuwo wonke umuntu futhi akuqukethe igciwane eliphilayo. Kubantu abadala, lo mgomo unganikezwa ngokuhambisana ne-diphtheria (Td) noma kuhlanganiswe ne-diphtheria ne-pertussis (i-Tdap). Umgomo we-pertussis uvikela ukutheleleka kwama-bacteria okuthiwa ukukhwehlela okukhwehlela .
I-CDC incoma ukuthi bonke abadala abadala abaneminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye noma ngaphezulu bathola umthamo we-Tdap uma bengakaze bawuthole, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umthamo wokugcina we-Td wawuphi. Isilinganiso se-Td sinconywa njalo eminyakeni eyishumi.
I-Hepatitis B Vaccine
Ukugonywa kwe-Hepatitis B kuyimithi yokugoma engasebenzi (ebulawa) ehlinzekwa njengamahlumela amathathu kuya kwangu-4 ngaphezu kwesikhathi esiyizinyanga eziyisithupha. Amantombazane manje anikezwa umthamo wokuqala we-hepatitis B ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, futhi kunconywa ukuthi zonke izingane nezingane ezingakaze zithole umgomo, zithola igciwane.
Kubantu abadala abangazange bagonywe, i-CDC itusa ukugoma ezindaweni ezithile zabantu abathanda
- Abantu abaya ezindaweni lapho kunezinga elikhuphuka le- hepatitis B
- Abantu abasebenza ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwezempilo
- Abantu abanomlingani ne-hepatitis B
- Abantu abanesifo esingenasifo sesibindi, isifo sezinso, i-HIV, noma isifo sikashukela
Kunezinhlobo zabanye abantu abaningi abasengozini, kodwa noma ubani ofisa ukugonywa kwe-hepatitis B angayithola futhi kufanele ayithole-kuhlanganise nalabo abane-MS.
Imishanguzo Engahle Ivikeleke Abantu abane-MS
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi okucatshangwa ukuthi iphephile kubantu abane-MS. Kulezi zimo, uma wena noma othandekayo une-MS, kungcono ukuqala ukuxoxa nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuphepha komgogodla ngaphambi kokuwuthola.
- Umuthi wokugoma we-Varicella
- Umuthi wokugoma we-Measles-Mumps-Rubella
- AmaRabi
- Ukugonywa kwe-Zoster
- I-Human Papillomavirus Vaccine (HPV)
- Ipholiyo
I-Varicella Vaccine
I-Varicella yi-virus ebangela inkukhu. Ungase umangale uma uthola ukuthi umuthi wokugoma we-varicella (igciwane elibhebhethekisiwe) empeleni liyadingeka kubantu abazoyithatha uGilyena (fingolimod) noma i-Lemtrada (alemtuzumab) ngaphandle kokuthi umuntu esivele evezwe yinkomo yenkukhu. Odokotela bangabheka ukuthi ngabe umuntu uvezwe yini (njengobuntwana) ngokudweba isampula segazi le-anti-varicella. Uma kungenalo igciwane, umuthi wokugoma u-varicella unikwe amasonto ayisithupha ngaphambi kokuqala imithi.
Amaphilisi, Amagundane, I-Rubella Vaccine
Umuthi wokugoma we-measles-mumps-rubella ungumuthi wokugonywa ophikisiwe, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukuba uqale uqaphele ngakho. Lokhu kuthiwa, ngokusho kwe-National MS Society, lo muthi kungenzeka uvikelekile kubantu abangathathi imithi ephazamisa amasosha omzimba (njengama-corticosteroids angenasifo noma ezinye izifo ezithinta izifo). Futhi, kungcono ukulandela iseluleko se-neurologist yakho, njengoba igciwane eliphilayo lingabangela isifo.
Imishanguzo yamaRabi
Umuthi wokugoma i-rabies uvimbela ukulwa negciwane lesandulela ngculazi, okuyinto igciwane elingadluliselwa uma umuntu elunywa yisilwane esithathelelekile (amakhompi angumthombo ovame kakhulu). Umuthi wokugonywa nge-rabies ungumuthi wokugoma ongasebenzi noma obulawe ngakho-ke awukwazi ukukunika i-rabies.
Lo mgomo unikezwa kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo njengabanqunu noma abantu abahamba emazweni lapho izidakamizwa zivame khona. Kungabuye kunikezwe uma umuntu esivele evezwe emthonjeni ongase ube nomdlavuza.
Ngenxa yokuthi ama-rabies cishe abulala njalo, ingozi yengozi yimuphi umuthi wokugoma ingahle iphumelele kakhulu.
I-Zoster Vaccine
Umuthi wokugoma we-zoster (osiza ukuvimbela kokubili ama- shingles kanye nokucindezeleka okubuhlungu okubizwa ngokuthi i- neuralgia ye-postperpetic ) ukugoma okuphilayo, ngakho-ke odokotela bahlale beqaphe ekunikeni. Uma kuthiwa, kubhekwa sengathi kuphephile kunoma yimuphi umuntu omdala oye waba ne-inkukhu, njengoba umzimba usuvele usuvikelekile. I-CDC itusa ukugoma kwe-zoster kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-60 noma ngaphezulu.
I-HPV Vaccine
Umgomo we- HPV unconywa izingane ezineminyaka engu-11 noma engu-12 ubudala. Kungadliwa ngeminyaka engama-26 kwabesifazane nabantwana abaneminyaka engama-21 emadodeni noma eminyakeni eyi-26 uma indoda ilala nesinye isilisa noma ine-HIV / AIDS. Umgomo wokuvikela i-HPV uvikela izilonda zomzimba, umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza njenge-vaginal, penile, anal, nomlomo / umphimbo.
Umgomo wePolio
I-polio yisifo esithinta isimiso sezinzwa. Abantu abaningi abadingi ukwelashwa kwepholi ngoba bajozwa njengezingane. Abahambi bamazwe angase badinge umthamo we-booster uma beya ezindaweni lapho isifo sofuba sisesekhona.
Umuthi Wokuphuza Nge-Yellow Fever Ngeke Uvikeleke Abantu abane-MS
Ucwaningo oluthile lwabantu abayisikhombisa abane-multiple-scout sclerosis ephindaphindiwe lathola ingozi eyengeziwe yokuphindaphinda esikhathini sesonto eliyisithupha emva kokugoma nge- yellow fever , isifo esithathelwa yizinyosi kwezinye izingxenye zaseNingizimu Melika nase-Afrika.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-National MS Society iphakamisa ukulinganisa ingozi yokuthola i-yellow fever ngenkathi ihamba nomngcipheko womuntu wokuba ne-MS. Lesi sinqumo esiyinkimbinkimbi nesodwa esizodinga ukuxoxwa ngokucophelela nesifo sezinzwa zomuntu.
Izwi elivela
Ucwaningo oluthe xaxa lwabantu abane-MS luyoba usizo, ikakhulukazi izifundo ezinkulu ezihlola inzuzo yangempela yemithi ethile kubantu abane-MS ngokumelene nalabo abanempilo (njengokuthi umuntu onama-MS angakha yini impendulo enamandla omzimba kumgomo wokugoma umuntu onempilo).
Yiqiniso, lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi ngoba kuncike eziningana zezici ezinjenge-therapy-modifying therapy umuntu ethathayo noma isikhathi lapho umgomo uphathwa khona.
Isibonelo, isidakamizwa esenza isimiso somzimba samasosha omzimba (njengeCopaxone noma i-interferon therapy) ngokuhambisana nesidakamizwa esivimbela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela (njenge-steroids, i-Lemtrada, noma i-Novantrone) singathinta indlela umuntu aphendula ngayo umuthi wokugoma.
Isithombe esikhulu lapha ukuthi imishanguzo iyasiza kubantu abane-MS njengoba bekwazi ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okungabangela ama-flares. Kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma ne-neurologist yakho, njengoba kunamanje ama-nuances ahilelekile-njengengozi engaba khona yokugoma okuphilayo noma ngabe ubuyela emuva.
> Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. (Meyi 2016). Imithi nokugonywa.
> Mailand MT, uFrederiksen JL. Imishanguzo ne-Multiple Sclerosis: Isibuyekezo Esihlelekile. J Neurol. 2016 Sep 7.
> National MS Society. (2016). Ukugonywa.
> Williamson EM, Chahin S, uBerger JR. Imithi e-Multiple Sclerosis. I-Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep . 2016 Apr; 16 (4): 36.