Kungabe kubanda yini noma ingukugula?
Umkhuhlane, noma umkhuhlane, ukutheleleka okubangelwa igciwane lomkhuhlane .
Kungaba okulukhuni ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezimpawu zomkhuhlane kanye nezimpawu zesibindi esibi noma enye igciwane. Ezinye izifo eziningi ezibangelwa amagciwane zingabangela "izimpawu ezifana nemikhuhlane," nakuba zivame kakhulu kunezimpawu ezibandayo ezivamile.
Izimpawu ezimbalwa eziqondile okumelwe ziqaphele ziyi-fever ephakeme, ama-muscle aches kanye nezinhlungu, ukuxosha, ikhanda, ukukhwehlela owomile, i-sore throut nephunga eligijima.
I-nausea, ukuhlanza nokuhuda yizimpawu ezincane ezijwayelekile zetshefu. Lezi zimpawu zingadlulela izinsuku ezimbalwa emavikini ambalwa.
Igciwane lesandulela ngculaza lingabangela i-croup, i- bronchiolitis , izifo zezindlebe, ne- pneumonia .
Umkhuhlane usulele kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, abantu abanesifo sofuba basakazeka futhi bangenza abanye bagule kusukela ngosuku olulodwa ngaphambi kokuba baqale babe nezibonakaliso zempukane ngokwabo kanye nezinsuku eziyisihlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa emva kokugula. Izingane zingavame ukubuyela esikoleni noma ukunakekelwa kwesikhashana uma zingenakho umkhuhlane wamahora angamashumi amabili nane, noma kunjalo.
Ngezinye izikhathi indlela kuphela yokutshela umehluko phakathi komkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane kungokwenza ukuhlolwa komkhuhlane. Lokhu kungabalulekile ngoba imithi yoketshezi , njengoTamiflu , ingasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu bezimpawu zomkhuhlane futhi kusize ingane yakho engozini ifike ngokushesha.
Izivivinyo ze-Flu
Ukuhlolwa kogciwane okusheshayo kuyathandwa odokotela bezingane nabazali. Ngalolu vavanyo lobhejane, i-swapho elula ye-cotton swab engxenyeni yengane yakho ingavame ukucacisa kungakapheli imizuzu engu-15 uma inomkhuhlane.
Ngeshwa, nakuba zivame ukusetshenziselwa, lezi zivivinyo eziwumkhuhlane zinamaphesenti athile, kufaka phakathi izinga eliphakeme lokungalungi kwamanga phakathi nesikhukhula senkathi yempukane kanye neminye imibono yamanga uma umsebenzi wesifo sofuba uphansi.
Ngokusho kwamaCenter for Disease Control, ukuhlolwa komkhuhlane akudingeki kuzo zonke iziguli ezinomkhuhlane osolwa.
Esikhundleni salokho, uma sekuyaziwa ukuthi lo mkhuhlane usendaweni, ukuxilongwa ngokuvamile kungenziwa ekliniki, ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zomntwana. Ukuhlolwa komkhuhlane kungase kube usizo uma ingane igula ngezifo ezinzima zokugula, uma kunezinye izinkinga ezinkulu zezokwelapha, noma imiphumela yokuhlolwa komkhuhlane ingathinta imikhuba yokulawula ukutheleleka kwezingane.
Ngaphandle kokuhlolwa komkhuhlane ophuthumayo, ezinye izivivinyo zomkhuhlane zingabandakanya umkhuba wesifo somkhuhlane, ukuhlola okuqondile kwe-anti-fluorescent antibody, kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-molecule ye-PCR. Nakuba ngokuvamile kunembile kakhulu, kungathatha isikhathi eside ukuthola imiphumela usebenzisa olunye lwalezi zifo zokuhlolwa komkhuhlane, kusukela emahoreni amaningana kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Izifo zokwelapha
Ngokungafani namanye ama-virus amaningi, empeleni kukhona imithi engasiza ekuphatheni umkhuhlane, kuhlanganise noTamiflu (oseltamivir) no-Relenza (zanamivir).
I-Tamiflu iyatholakala efomini kanye nefomu lokumiswa , kuyilapho uRenzaenza engumuthi we- powder inhaler owomile .
Uma kunikezwa kungakapheli amahora angu-48 ukuqala kwezimpawu zemfuluwenza, le mithi yomkhuhlane wegciwane ingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwesifo somkhuhlane, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokugula ngezinsuku eyodwa noma ezimbili, futhi kuncishiswe ubude bokuhlala iziguli ezibhedlela.
Izingane ezisanda kuthola umgomo wokugoma umkhuhlane we-Flumist wamanzi zingase zivivinye kahle ekuhlolweni komkhuhlane okungenani izinsuku eziyisikhombisa.
Kungenzeka ukuthi ukumelana nokunyuka ngokweqile, inani eliphakeme lemithi yesifo somkhuhlane, ukunambitheka kabi kweTamiflu yamanzi, nokukhathazeka mayelana nemiphumela emibi yeTamiflu , izizathu ezinhle zokusebenzisa imithi yokwelapha i-antiviral uma kudingeka ngempela.
Iningi labantu alidingi lezi zindlela zokwelapha , kodwa. I-CDC ikhuthaza kuphela ukusetshenziswa komuthi wokuvimbela umkhuhlane we-antiviral kubantu abasengozini yokubhekana nezinkinga ezinkulu ezivela emkhuhlane, kubandakanya izingane ezingaphansi kuka-5, abadala abadala abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu, abesifazane abakhulelwe, abantu abanezinkinga eziningi zokwelapha ezingapheli (njenge-asthma noma inhliziyo izifo.) noma isimiso sokuzivikela somzimba esibuthakathaka.
Izingane kanye nentsha ethola usizo lwe-aspirin yesikhathi eside kumele ibuye igweme ukwelashwa komkhuhlane. Nakuba ungalokothi unike izingane aspirin, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugwema i-aspirin uma izingane zakho zinemfuluwenza, ngoba ixhunywe ne- Reye syndrome .
Okubaluleke nakakhulu, uma izingane zakho zinomkhuhlane futhi zingatholanga umuthi wokugoma kulo nyaka, cabanga ukuba ugonywe ngonyaka ozayo. Lokho kuzokwehlisa amathuba okuba bagule futhi ngomkhuhlane.