Ukufakela ngemifanekiso kubhekisela emonakalweni wesikhumba obangelwa ukushisa kwelanga okude, ikakhulukazi imisebe ye-UVA ne-UVB, futhi ingabangela umdlavuza wesikhumba . Izinguquko eziningi zesikhumba ezenzeka lapho sinyakala sisheshe sibheke ukukhanya kwelanga.
Isikhumba sakhiwa izingxenye ezintathu : i- epidermis , i- dermis , nezicubu ezingaphansi . I- dermis iqukethe amaprotheni ahlanganisa i-collagen, i-elastin nezinye izintambo ezibalulekile ezithinta amandla esikhumba nokuqina, futhi zibophezele ukubukeka kwesikhumba ebushelelezi, kwentsha.
I-UV ray (UVR) yonakalisa la maprotheni abalulekile, okuholela ekufakeni izithombe .
Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso
Mhlawumbe unomqondo omuhle ukuthi yini isithombe sokubukeka esibonakalayo. Kungenzeka ukuthi ubuke emaphepheni wezithombe, wabona ojwayelene naye, futhi wabika ukuthi lo muntu wayevele enokushisa kwelanga kakhulu (mhlawumbe nokubhema futhi okubangela ukulimala kakhudlwana esikhumbeni.)
Izimpawu zokufakiwe kungabandakanya:
- Ama-wrinkles
- Isikhumba se-drooping (ukunganaki)
- Amabala amnyama ("ama-age spots")
- Imivimbo yegazi ephukile (i-telangiectasias)
- I-tint ephuzi esikhumbeni
- Ukuthunga isikhumba esikhumbeni
- Ukuguqulwa kwezimoto
- Ukulimala kalula
Izimbangela
I-UVR yakhiwe ngemibala ye-UVA ne-UVB. Ngokuvamile, imisebe ye-UVB iyashisa, kuyilapho imilayezo ye-UVA isikhala esikhumbeni, kodwa kukhona ukunqwabelana okukhulu emonakalweni walezi zimbangela.
Imilayezo ye-UVA inama-wavevel longer futhi ingakwazi ukungena ngokujulile ku-dermis. Ukulimala kwemisaka ekhona i-collagen, okubangela ukwanda kwe-elastin yokukhiqiza. Inani elinjalo elingavamile le-elastin liholela ekhiqizweni kwe-enzyme eyaziwa njenge- metalloproteinase elungisa i- collagen ewonakele.
Kodwa-ke, la ma-enzyme avame ukuqeda okwenza kube nomonakalo omkhulu ku-collagen kunokuhle ngokubuyisela isikhumba ngokungalungile. Njengoba isikhumba sibheke emisebeni ye-UVA nsuku zonke, le nqubo iqhubeka iphinda, okwenza kube yimibimbi nesikhumba esikhumba.
Ukwehliswa kwe-UVA kubangelwa imigqa emihle kanye nemibimbi ezungeze amehlo, umlomo, nekhanda, kanye nezindawo zeminyaka yobudala, noma izindawo zamabindi.
Indawo yendawo yindawo yokuguqulwa okubangelwa ukukhanya kwelanga. Abonakala hhayi ebusweni kuphela kodwa kuwo wonke umzimba, kuhlanganise nezandla, izingalo, isifuba kanye nomhlane.
Ukuvimbela
Nakuba izakhi eziningi ze-photoaging zingenakugwenywa, izimpawu ezibonakalayo zokuguga zingavinjelwa. Faka isicelo se-suncreen okungenani SPF 30 nsuku zonke (usebenzisa imikhiqizo kuphela evikela ngokumelene ne-UVA) nasezindaweni ezivezwe elangeni: ubuso, intamo, isifuba, izandla, izingalo, imilenze, njll Ngaphezu kokuvimbela ukufaka isithombe, ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kwesikrini kungasinciphisa izibonakaliso zamanje zokufakela isithombe, kanye nobungozi bokuthuthukisa umdlavuza wesikhumba. Ngenxa yokwehluleka kwevithamini D emazweni athuthukile, kanye nemiphumela yokungalahleki, ezinye izinhlangano ze-dermatology zikhuthaza ukunciphisa ilanga ngaphandle kwelanga (futhi uzobe uzwa kabanzi ngalokhu.) Kodwa leli gama eliyinhloko lapha, lincane. Ngokuvamile imizuzu engu-10 kuya kwengu-15 elangeni kunesikhathi esiningi sokuthola umthamo omuhle, onempilo we-vitamin D ngaphambi kokusebenzisa isikrini sakho selanga.
Mhlawumbe into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ukuze unciphise isithombe sesikhumba sakho (ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukukhanya kwelanga lakho) ukukhetha isikrini somswakama esikuvikela emisebeni ye-UVA.
Lokho kusho, akulula lokho. Eqinisweni, cishe uthola umkhiqizo ozikhangisa njengomsebenzi ovulekile kodwa awukuvikeli emisebeni ye-UVA nhlobo.
Ukuze uthole i-sunscreen evikela imibala ye-UVA, kubalulekile ukuthi ungaboni nje isihloko esikuphakheji kodwa ufunde uhlu lwezithako. Funda mayelana nezithako ze-sunscreen ezivikela imilayezo ye-UVA , kufaka phakathi izinzuzo nezindleko zemikhiqizo ehlukene, kanye nokuthi ilanga lesikrini lizohlala nini phakathi kwezicelo.
Ngokufika kwe-sunscreen, sivame ukukhohlwa ukuthi kunezindlela ezilula zokunciphisa ukulimala kesikhumba ngenxa yokuchayeka kwelanga.
Njengoba kungekho isikrini selanga esiphelele esingakuvikela kuzo zonke izintaba ezilimazayo, khumbula ukuthi:
- Gwema ukushisa kwelanga lapho ilanga linamandla kakhulu - ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-2 ntambama
- Sebenzisa izambulela nomthunzi
- Gqoka isigqoko esikhulu sokuvikela ubuso bakho
- Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela, isibonelo, izingubo ezizimele ezingenayo i-SPF factor
Okokugcina, ungakhohlwa amehlo akho. Ukuba ngaphandle kwelanga ngaphandle kwezibuko zokukhanya kungase kuphuthumise ukuwohloka kwe-macular , imbangela ehamba phambili yobumpumputhe oneminyaka yobudala.
Ukwelapha
I-standard yegolide yokuphatha izithombe, ikakhulukazi imifanekiso yokubeka izithombe, ibe yimikhiqizo yevithamini A efana ne-retinol ne-Retin Ukwelashwa. Imikhiqizo engaphezu kwamakhompiyutha ingasebenza, kepha imishanguzo yemithi (i-Retin A ne-Differin) ingaphezulu kakhulu. Le mithi yaqala ukusetshenziselwa induna bese ithola ukunciphisa ukugwinya, ikakhulukazi imigqa emihle, nemibimbi yobuso. I-Retinoids isebenza ngokwandisa inzuzo yeselula futhi ingathatha izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuthi ubone ishintsho. Abanye abantu bathuthukisa ubomvu nokukhwabanisa lapho kusetshenziselwa umkhiqizo wokuhlushwa ophakeme, kodwa ukwanda okuncane emzimbeni kungasusa ukuphendula lokhu.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokuthuthukiswa kwe-dermatological ezithinta ukufaka izithombe, okungukuthi ubuchwepheshe obukhanyiswayo buhlanganisa ukuphathwa kwe-photodynamic, ukukhanya okukhulu kwe-pulsed, kanye nokwelashwa kwelasi:
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Photodynamic kuyindlela ehilela ukufaka umuthi owenzela ukukhanya okhulayo esikhumbeni. Uma nje imithi igxile esikhunjeni, indawo ethintekile ibonakala ekukhanyeni okuvuselela imithi, kukhuthaza ukukhula kwe-collagen enikeza isikhumba ukubonakala kwentsha, ukubukeka kwesidlo.
- Ukukhanya okucatshangelwe kakhulu kuyindlela yokwelashwa elula ephumelelayo ekunciphiseni ukubukeka kokugqunywa okungalingani kanye nemithwalo yegazi ephukile phezu kochungechunge lwezikhathi.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Laser kungaphatha izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zesikhumba kuye ngokuthi ubude bokukhanya busetshenziswe esikhumbeni. Ama-wavevelths ahlukene asetshenziselwa ukuncipha imithwalo yegazi, ukuphatha izindawo zokudala, ukunciphisa imibimbi, ukususa izinwele, njll.
Okubalulekile
Ukugcina isikhumba sakho sibonakale sisencane futhi sempilweni kusho ukuqapha elangeni. Kodwa kulabo ababenokushisa kwelanga ngokweqile eminyakeni edlule, kunezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ezingelapheki kodwa zinganciphisa umonakalo wesikhumba ohlobene nonyaka. Khumbula ukuthi okubangela ukubhidlika, kubangelwa umdlavuza wesikhumba.
Imithombo:
Borges, J., Manela-Azulay, M., noT. Cuzzi. Ukufaka isithombe semifanekiso kanye ne-Clinical Utility ye-Laser Fractional. I-Dermatology yezokwelapha, yezocwilisa kanye neyokuphenya . 2016. 9: 107-14.
Pittayapruek, P., Meephansan, J., Prapapan, O., Komine, M., noMnu Ohtsuki. Umsebenzi weMatrix Metalloproteinases ku-Photoaging ne-Photocarcinogenesis. I-International Journal of Sciences Molecular . 2016. 17 (6): pii: E868.
Riahi, R., Bush, A., noP. Cohen. I-Retinoids yama-Topical: Izindlela zokwelashwa ekuPhilweni kwePhoto ebizwa nge-Photodamaged Skin. Journal American of Dermatology Clinic . 2016. 17 (3): 265-76.