Ukuphazamiseka kuyindlela yokusabela ngayo isikhumba esizothuthukisa ukuthungwa okungavamile nezinye izici, ngokuvamile ngokuphendula isifo, izidakamizwa, izifo, ukukhanya noma noma iyiphi inombolo yezimo ezivamile noma ezingavamile zemvelo. Ukubukeka kwe-rash kungase kube okuhlukahlukene njengoba kuyimbangela yayo, kusukela ezinqumeni ezincane kanye nasemifoseni ukuze kube nzima kakhulu, ukuphazamiseka komzimba wonke.
Ukubukeka kanye nendawo yokuqhuma kungase kukunike inkomba mayelana nokuthi imbangela ingaba yini.
I-hives (i-Urticaria)
Kunezikhathi lapho ukusabela okweqile noma ukutheleleka kuzobangela ukuba amangqamuzana esikhumba akhiphe into ebizwa ngokuthi i- histamine engxenyeni yegazi, Uma lokhu kwenzeka, imithini encane yegazi, ebizwa ngokuthi i-capillaries, izothatha uketshezi olubhebhethele emzimbeni ophezulu ( epidermal ) wesikhumba. Lokhu kuqoqwa kwamanzi kuyakubangela izingxenye zesikhumba ukuba zivule futhi ziphenduke imifantu (urticaria). Kuye ngesilinganiso samanzi akhishwe, ama-hive angabheka njenge-spongy noma avele njengezindawo eziphakanyisiwe zesikhumba esivulekile ngaphandle komngcele ohlukile.
Amathumba angabuye athuthuke ngenxa yelanga noma ukushisa okubandayo, izifo, ukuphefumula ngokweqile nokucindezeleka. Ngenkathi ama-hive ngokuvamile ehamba eyedwa, ama-antihistamine angase abe usizo ekunciphiseni ukuvuza nokuvuvukala.
Impetigo
I-Impetigo yisifo esithinta isikhumba esibangelwa yi-streptococcal noma i-staphylococcal bacteria. Ifomu elivamile le-impetigo livela ebusweni noma emlenzeni futhi libhekwa ngesikhumba sombala osihlwa esibangelwa ukuqhuma kwamabhanti amancane. Ama-bacterium ngokuvamile angena emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa isikhumba esiphukile noma esikhulelwe njengokungenzeka ngezicucu, ukushisa, i-eczema, i-poison ivy, noma ukulunywa kwezinambuzane. Izingane zivame ukuthola i-impetigo ngemva komkhuhlane lapho ikhala labo liluhlaza futhi livutha.
Okungajwayelekile kungabangela ukubunjwa kwamabhalane amakhulu okuthiwa i-bullae. Leli fomu le-impetigo livame ukwenzeka ngaphezulu kwezinsana nezingane ezincane kunabantu abadala. Njengokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya, i-impetigo ivame ukuphathwa ngama-antibiotic.
Izikhwama (i-Herpes Zoster)
Ama- shingles yisisindo esibuhlungu esibangelwa ukuvuselelwa kwe-herpes zoster virus (HZV), igciwane elifanayo elibangela inkukhu . Ingozi yokuphila kokukhula kwezibungu isuka kumaphesenti ayishumi kuya ezingaphezu kwezingamaphesenti angama-20 kwamanye amaqembu aphezulu. Izindwangu zivele zenzeke esikhathini esizayo empilweni, ngokuvamile ziqala ngendwangu eluthambile, lendawo. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, kuzokukhula isiqephu esikhethekile sezingxenyana ezincane, eziningi zazo eziyovuleka futhi ifomu elivuthayo, elilonda izilonda.
Ama-shingles avame ukuvela ngakolunye uhlangothi lomzimba noma ngokulandelayo, egijima eduze komshini wezinzwa okuthiwa i-dermatome. Ngisho noma ukuqubuka kungabonakali konke okubuhlungu ekuqaleni, kungabangela ubuhlungu obukhuni, obude isikhathi eside (owaziwa ngokuthi i-neuralgia ye-postherpetic) uma kungashiywa ngaphandle kokulashwa.
Bona udokotela ngokushesha uma uqaphela amabhethri agcwaliswe ngamanzi. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni ngemithi yokuvimbela imishanguzo kunganciphisa isikhathi sokuqhamuka nokuvimbela ukusakazeka kokuqhuma emzimbeni owusengozini, kufaka phakathi amehlo.
Umuthi osebenzayo we-shingles okuthiwa i- Zostavax unconywa kubo bonke abadala abadala abangu-50 nangaphezulu.
Inyawo lika-Athlete (Tinea Pedis)
Unyawo lwe-Athlete , noma i-tinea pedis, luyisifo esivamile se-fungal. Izimpawu zobuningi zihlanganisa ukuhlaselwa okubomvu, okubomvu, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezinzwani noma ezinyaweni ezinyaweni. I-tinea pedis engapheli ngezinye izikhathi ingalinganiswa ngesikhumba esomile, esikhanyayo, kuyilapho i-tinea pedis enzima ingabangela ukuqhuma okubuhlungu, okubomvu nokuphuza.
Inyawo lika-Athlete lihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu:
- Unyawo olungapheli lomdlali wezemidlalo (phakathi kwezinzwane)
- Unyawo lwe-scaly yomdlali ongenamkhawulo (ikakhulukazi emanzini)
- Unyawo lomdlali we-vesicular (okwenza ukutheleleka okunjenge-blister)
Inyawo lika-Athlete lisakazeka kalula ezindaweni ezinomswakama, ezingenamvelo ezifana ne-spas kanye nekamelo lokungcebeleka phansi. Kuvame ukuphathwa nge-antifungal ye-topical.
I-Ringworm (iTinea Corporis)
I-ringworm (i-tinea corporis) isifo sofuba esivamile esingahlobene neze nezimpethu. Ukuqhuma ngokuvamile kuvamile futhi kubomvu ngokuphakanyiswa, emaphethelweni aphikisayo okuphakamisa indandatho. Kungabonakala noma kuphi emzimbeni kepha kubonakala kuzingalo nasemilenzeni. Isimo sefungulane esivumelanayo, okuthiwa i-tinea capitis, sihilela isicwebe, ikhanda, nesbuso (ikakhulukazi ezungeze izinwele zezinwele).
I-ringworm isakazeka kakhulu futhi isakazeka kalula ngokuxhumana nomzimba ngesikhumba. Kungadluliselwa ngokuthinta izindawo ezingcolile noma izinto ezinjengama-combs, izindawo zokudoba, amathawula, izisebenzi zokulala, ukulala, izikhumba, noma izilwane ezifuywayo.
I-ringworm ingaphathwa kahle ngemithi yomlomo noma ye-antifungal yomlomo.
I-Psoriasis Plaque engapheli
I-Psoriasis iyi-disorder-related related disorder ekhonjiswe ukuqhuma kwe-scaly, okuvame ukuhamba phambili emaceleni nasemadolweni (okubizwa ngokuthi i- extensor surface ) kanye ne-scalp. Kungabangela ukucindezeleka, imithi, ukutheleleka, ukulimala kesikhumba, ngisho nezimo zemvelo ezifana nelanga.
Ukuvuthwa ngokuvamile kuqukethe amapuletiki aminyene, e-silvery phezu kwesisekelo esikhanyayo sesikhumba. Imingcele ye-plaque ivame ukuhlukana futhi ngezinye izikhathi ingalinganisa i-ringworm. Izikali zivame ukukhululeka futhi zingashenwa uma zikhishwe.
I-psoriasis yama-plaque yindlala yindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-psoriasis, ethinta cishe amaphesenti angu-5 wabantu. Ezinye izinhlobo zifaka i- pustular psoriasis (ebangela izilonda ezigcwala ama-pus) kanye ne- guttate psoriasis etholakala ezinganeni.
Ukwelapha kuyahlukahluka kohlobo nokuqina kwesibindi futhi kungabandakanya izinketho ezifana nama-creams, izidakamizwa, kanye ne-UV light therapy.
I-Scabies (i-Sarcoptic Mange)
Ama-scabi (i-sarcoptic mange) yisifo somzimba esikhuthele, esicindezelayo esibangelwa i-mite encane egibela ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Njengezinyosi zekhanda, zingasakazeka ngokushesha ezikoleni nasemakhaya asebekhulile futhi zidlula kalula phakathi kwamalungu omndeni.
Ama-scabi afanisa ezinye izimo zesikhumba ezifana ne- dermatitis , i- tub folliculitis eshisayo , ne- pityriasis rosea . Ukuze wenze ukuxilongwa, udokotela uzodinga ukukhipha ingxenye ye-rash bese uyibheka ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kube nobufakazi bokuthi i-infestation. Ukwelashwa kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwamaphesenti angu-5 i-permethrin cream noma i-lotion ngokubambisana ne-histamine yomlomo noma i-steroids ye-topical ukuze uphathe ukuqhuma.
Pityriasis Rosea
I-Pityriasis rosea iyisifo esivamile, esivuthayo esivame ukuzixazulula sona ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Ezimweni eziningi, kuzoqala ngalokho esikubiza ngokuthi "i-herald patch," isilonda esisodwa esisodwa esiba khona njalo esihlahleni.
I-Pityriasis rosea ingahle ibonakale njengezinyosi ekuqaleni, kodwa, phakathi nezinsuku noma amasonto, kubonakala ngokubonakala kwezilonda ezincane esiqwini, emilenzeni, noma ezandleni.Ukuhlaselwa akuvamile ukubonwa ebusweni, ngaphandle kwesinye isikhathi ezinganeni.
I-Pityriasis rosea ayiqondi kahle futhi ikholelwa ukuthi ibangelwa igciwane. Ngenkathi ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kungaboniswa. i-steroid yama-topical noma i-antihistamine ingase isetshenziswe ukuhlaselwa kuyinto enhle.
I-Herpes Simplex
I-Herpes simplex iyisifo sokutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza esichazwe ngokubunjwa kwezilonda ezibuhlungu, ezivulekile. Lesi sifo singabangelwa yi-HSV uhlobo 1 (okubangelwa izilonda ezibandayo ) noma uhlobo lwe-HSV 2 (olubangela i- herpes yobulili ). I-Herpes iyadluliselwa kalula ngokuxhumana ngokuqondile nomuntu oyingozi noma umzimba womuntu onegciwane, nakuba ukutheleleka kungenzeka ngisho noma kungekho izimpawu ezibonakalayo zokutheleleka.
Uma izimpawu zivela, ziqala ngokufaka ukugubha nokubomvu, zilandelwa ukwakheka kwezilonda ezinjenge-blister ezihlanganisa ngokushesha ukuvuleka, ukukhala okukhulu. Izilonda ngezinye izikhathi zingabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu futhi zivame ukuhambisana nomkhuhlane kanye nezilonda ze-lymph. Ukwelashwa kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-antiviral ezifana ne-acyclovir noma i-valacyclovir.