Abantu abangaba ngu-5.3 million baseMelika bahlala nesifo se-Alzheimer ; nakuba iningi lawo likhulile, cishe ama-5% anesifo sesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i -Alzheimer's early-onset . Lesi simo singatholakaliswa kubantu abaku-30s, 40s, no-50s.
Nakuba isifo se-Alzheimer sokuqala siqala ukungajwayelekile, labo abasolwa ukuthi bona noma othandekayo kufanele bafune iseluleko sodokotela ngokushesha, kungakhathaliseki ubudala.
Ezinye imithi ibonisa imiphumela ethembisa ekunciphiseni ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Futhi nakuba ukuxilongwa ngokuqinisekile kuyesabeka, indlela yokusebenza ayisebenzisi nje kuphela kodwa ingabanika labo abathintekile ukuthi banolwazi lokulawula lokho okuzayo.
Isifo sonke se-Alzheimer sibheka ukuwohloka okuqhubekayo kwamangqamuzana obuchopho, kuqala nge- hippocampus , indawo yobuchopho obangela izinkumbulo , kanye ne-cortex ye-cerebral, eyabangela izinqumo nezinqubo zokucabanga. Ososayensi abaqiniseki ukuthi yini ebangela ukubola noma ukuthi kungani ukukhula kwesifo kuhluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu. Amacala amaningi okugula okuphuthumayo-okuyi-Alzheimer's disease, okuvame ukutholakala kubantu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65, yilokho abacwaningi abakubiza ngokuthi "okuphambene" noma kungenjalo ngempela, nakuba kungabonakali. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bayavuma ukuthi cishe yonke isifo se-Alzheimer's early-onset.
Isixhumanisi esinamandla samaGenesis
I-Alzheimer's ifa elibizwa ngokuthi i-Alzheimer's disease (FAD). Ngokusho kweNational Institute on Aging, uma umzali enefomu lomndeni wesifo sokuqala se-Alzheimer's, izingane zakhe zinamathuba angu-50 okuthuthukisa isimo.
Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezinhlotsheni ezintathu kuhlotshaniswe nomndeni, isifo se-Alzheimer sokuqala.
Lezi zakhi zofuzo zibizwa nge-PS1, PS2, ne-APP ngabacwaningi.
Ucwaningo oluvela kuma-1990 lubonisa ukuthi ukuguquguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ezibizwa nge-PS1 kungabangela ukuthi u-30% kuya ku-60% wezinkinga zokuqala ze-Alzheimer. Ucwaningo olusha olungaqondakali mayelana nokusabalalisa okuqondile kwezinguquko ezithile, kodwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi isakhi se-PS1 yisiguquko esivame ukuhlanganiswa ne-FAD.
Kungenzeka ukuba uhlolwe izakhi zofuzo lezi zakhi zofuzo, kodwa kunezinzuzo eziningi nokuziqhenya ukwenza kanjalo, kusukela ekukwazi ukuhlinzeka lolu lwazi olubalulekile lwezempilo ezinganeni zakho ukubhekana nolwazi lokuthi i-Alzheimer ayinakugwemeka. Udokotela othembekile noma umeluleki wezakhi zofuzo angakusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi ukuhlolwa kofuzo kulungile yini kuwe noma othandekayo. Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlola inkampani yakho yomshuwalense ngaphambi kokuphishekela ukuhlolwa, ngoba ukuhlanganiswa kwezindleko zokuhlolwa kuyahlukahluka, kanti izinqubomgomo ezithile azikhokheli noma yikuphi.
Izimpawu zokuxwayisa
Izinkomba zokuqala ze-Alzheimer's disease ziqala ukufana nezokuqala kwe-Alzheimer's. Lezi zimpawu zihlanganisa ukulahlekelwa izinto njalo, ubunzima bokufeza imisebenzi ejwayelekile, ukukhohlwa, izinguquko zobuntu , ukudideka, ukwahlulela okungafanele , izinselele ngokuxhumana okuyisisekelo nolulwimi, ukuhoxiswa komphakathi nezinkinga ezilandela izinkomba ezilula.
Abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi lesi sifo siphuthuma ngokushesha phakathi kwalabo abane-diagnostic zakuqala. Kodwa-ke, abanye bathi lesi sifo sibonakala sithuthuka ngokushesha kulabo abanesifo sokuqala se-Alzheimer ngoba abantu abancane bangase baphile kahle. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu zingathatha isikhathi eside ukuze zibonakale.
Ukuxilongwa Nokunakekelwa
Ukuthola ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwe-Alzheimer's akuyona into ehlukile kune-diagnosis. Ngenxa yokuthi ayikho ivivinyo le-Alzheimer's, odokotela basebenza ngokusemandleni ukulawula zonke ezinye izimbangela zezimpawu. Indlela kuphela yokuthola ukuthi i-Alzheimer's isifo esibucayi ukuhlola izicubu zobuchopho emva kokufa.
Ngokusho kwe-Fisher Center ye-Alzheimer's Research Foundation eNew York, udokotela uzokwenza ukuhlolwa okulandelayo ngenkathi ehlola isiguli sesifo se-Alzheimer:
- Ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo kubandakanya ukucindezelwa kwegazi, umbono nokuhlolwa kwezindlebe.
- Umlando wezokwelapha kufaka phakathi imithi yamanje kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokuzilibazisa kanye nencazelo eningiliziwe yempawu ezisolakala ukuthi zikhona.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Lab kubandakanya ukubekezelelana kwe-glucose , ukuhlolwa kwe-thyroid , nokubala okuphelele kwegazi. Udokotela ubheke ukubona ukuthi ngabe yini enye isifo esingase ibe nesibopho sezimpawu.
- I-MRI noma i- CT scan yobuchopho ukuthola ama-blood clots noma izicubu ezingase zidale izimpawu.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-neuropsychological lapho odokotela behlola khona ukuhlola ukunakekelwa, ukusebenzisana, inkumbulo kanye namakhono okuxazulula izinkinga. Lezi zivivinyo zizohlinzeka ngokuhlola okunembile kwezibonakaliso zomuntu.
Ukubhekana nesifo sokuqala se-Alzheimer kusadingeka ukusekelwa komndeni nabangane, kanye nokuhlela ngokucophelela ukunakekelwa kwesikhathi eside nokuthi ungakhokha kanjani.
Imithombo:
"Ukubaluleka kokudinga i-Alzheimer". Mayelana ne-Alzheimer's and Dementia. 2008. Isikhungo se-Fisher se-Alzheimer's Research Foundation. 22 Meyi 2008.
"I-Alzheimer's's Sheet Fact Sheet." I-National Institute yokuguga. 26 Okthoba 2007. US Institutes of Health. 22 Meyi 2008.
"I-Alzheimer's's Genetic Fact Sheet Sheet." I-National Institute yokuguga. 26 Okthoba 2007. US Institutes of Health. 22 Meyi 2008.
"Izimpawu Nezibalo Ze-Alzheimer." ALZ.org . 2008. I-Alzheimer's Association. 22 Meyi 2008.
UBell, Karen, Mary Sano, Davangere P. Devanand, Lawrence S. Honig, uPenne Sims, Scott A. Small, uJennifer Williamson-Catania noDaniel G. Fish. "Dementia: Ukuvuselelwa koMdokotela." Columbia University: Ukuqhubeka Imfundo . 1 Mashi 2004. University University. 22 Meyi 2008.
"Ukuphila Ngezifo Zokuqala Zase-Alzheimer's Early Onset." Uhlelo lwezempilo lweCleveland Clinic . 14 Juni 2006. Umtholampilo waseCleveland. 22 Meyi 2008.
"Ukuhlukanisa Imfihlakalo." I-National Institute yokuguga. 28 Jul 2007. US Institutes of Health. 22 Meyi 2008.