Uhlobo lwe-acne lufake kanjani? Yonke induna ingumkhuhlane weyunithi ye- pilosebaceous , eyenziwe nge-follicle yezinwele, izigqoko ze-sebaceous, nezinwele. Lezi ziyunithi zitholakala yonke indawo emzimbeni ngaphandle kwezintende zezandla, izinyawo ezinyaweni, izinyawo nezinyawo eziphansi. Inombolo yamayunithi we-pilosebaceous inkulu kakhulu ebusweni, entanyeni engenhla nangesifuba.
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I-Pore evamileIzithobezi ezisabekayo zikhiqiza into ebizwa ngokuthi i-sebum, eyabangela ukugcina isikhumba nezinwele zihlanjululwa. Ngesikhathi sobusha, izigulane ezisabekayo zandisa futhi zikhiqize i-sebum eyengeziwe ngaphansi kwethonya lama-hormone okuthiwa i-androgens. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-20, ukukhiqizwa kwe-sebum kuqala ukwehla.
I-Sebum ekhishwa yi-gland sebaceous ihlanganisa amangqamuzana ekhishwa ngaphakathi kwe-follicle yezinwele futhi agcwalise izinwele zezinwele . Uma u-follicle ugcwele, i-sebum iyasakazeka ngaphezu kwesikhumba, isinike ukubukeka kwamafutha. Uma le nqubo isebenza kahle, isikhumba sithuthukiswa futhi sihlala sinempilo. Uma le nqubo ingasebenzi kahle, isikhumba singaba ngokweqile ngokweqile noma ngokweqile amafutha, okugcina okuphakamisa ingozi ye-acne.
Lolu chungechunge lwemifanekiso lubonisa ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinyosi zikhula kanjani nendlela yokuphatha uhlobo oluthile oluthile. Lo mfanekiso wokuqala ubonisa i-pore evamile ukuze uqhathanise nezinye izithombe ze-acne ngokumelene nalo.
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I-microcomedone (i-Acne Early)Izici eziningana zifaka isandla ekuqalisweni kwe-acne lesion:
- Ama-corneocytes , noma amangqamuzana ekhanda, abe mnandi kakhulu njengoba echithwa futhi aqoqa endaweni ye-pore esikhundleni sokugeleza esikhumbeni.
- Amangqamuzana amaningi esikhumba achitheka phezulu kwe-pore kunezansi.
- Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Sebum kwanda.
Phakathi nalesi sigaba, i-pore ibukeka ingajwayelekile ngaphandle, kodwa kunezinguquko ezihlukile kumaseli azungeze i-pore. Njengoba impahla ekhoneni iyakhuphuka, idala ibhuloho elivimbela ukukhipha. Ithimba lezokwelapha kule sigaba i-microcomedone.
I-bacterium Propionibacterium acnes , evame ukufinyelelwa ku- P. acnes , evame ukuhlala emaqenjini. Isebenzisa i-sebum njengomsoco wokukhula. Njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwe-sebum kwanda, inani le- P. acnes bacteria landa kwipore. Esikhathini sesigaba se-microcomedone, amabhaktheriya awabangeli ukutheleleka ngoba ayenawo kuphela izinto ngaphakathi kwe-pore, hhayi ukuthelela isikhumba.
Lezi ezinye imithi engasiza kulokhu.
- I-benzoyl peroxide engaphezu kwe-anti-killer ibulala amabhaktheriya futhi isiza ukuvimbela ama- P. acnes ekudleni.
- Imikhiqizo ye-tretinoin yemithi efana ne-Retin-A, i-Retin-A Micro, ne-Avita ibuyisela emuva ukuqina kwamangqamuzana esikhumba, okwenza ukuba bavame ukuvama.
- I-over-counter-counter-salicylic acid 2% i-lotion i-beta hydroxy acid ebuye ishintshe ukuqina kwamangqamuzana esikhumba.
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I-Whitehead noma i-Comedone eValiweNjengoba i- sebum ephuma emthonjeni we- sebaceous kanye namaseli esikhumba aphukile, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-corneocytes, akha, ahlangene futhi anzima. Uma ukuvula kwe-pore kuncane noma kuvaliwe, lokhu kuba i-comedone evaliwe, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-whitehead (ngoba lesi sifo sikhuliswa futhi sibukeka esimhlophe).
Njengoba izinto ezizimele zakha, ukuvuvukala kuvela emaqenjini azungeze i-pore. Ama-whiteheads angenwa igciwane noma angenwe igciwane, kuye ngokuthi ngabe ama- P. acnes bacteria akwazi ukuthelela amaseli azungeze i-pore.
Lezi ezinye imithi engasiza kulokhu.
- I-benzoyl peroxide engaphezu kwe-anti-killer ibulala amabhaktheriya futhi isiza ukuvimbela ama- P. acnes ekudleni.
- Imikhiqizo ye-tretinoin yemithi efana ne-Retin-A, i-Retin-A Micro, ne-Avita ibuyisela emuva ukuqina kwamaseli wesikhumba okubenza bavame ukuvama.
- I-over-counter-counter-salicylic acid 2% i-lotion i-beta hydroxy acid ebuye ishintshe ukuqina kwamangqamuzana esikhumba.
- Ama- antibiotic aqoshiwe asemthethweni abulala ama- P. acnes bacteria futhi angase asetshenziswe uma amanye amhlophe ahlolelekile.
- I-prescription antibiotic yomlomo iphinda ibulale amabhaktheriya e- P. acnes futhi ingasetshenziswa uma iningi lamhlophe lingenwa igciwane noma uma kukhona amaphilisi anegciwane noma ama-pustules.
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I-Blackhead noma i-Open ComedoneNjengoba i-sebum ephuma emthonjeni we-sebaceous kanye namaseli esikhumba aphukile, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-corneocytes, akha, ahlangene futhi anzima. Uma ukuvula kwe-pore kuhlale kuvulekile, lokhu kuba i-comedone evulekile, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-blackhead (ngoba i-pore ibukeka ibumnyama).
Njengoba izinto ezizimele zakha, ukuvuvukala kuvela emaqenjini azungeze i-pore. Ama-Blackheads angenwa igciwane noma angenwe igciwane, kuye ngokuthi ngabe ama- P. acnes bacteria akwazi ukuthelela amaseli azungeze i-pore.
Lezi ezinye imithi engasiza kulokhu.
- I-benzoyl peroxide engaphezu kwe-anti-killer ibulala amabhaktheriya futhi isiza ukuvimbela ama- P. acnes ekudleni.
- Imikhiqizo ye-tretinoin yemithi efana ne-Retin-A, i-Retin-A Micro, ne-Avita ibuyisela emuva ukuqina kwamaseli wesikhumba okubenza bavame ukuvama.
- I-over-counter-counter-salicylic acid 2% i-lotion i-beta hydroxy acid ebuye ishintshe ukuqina kwamangqamuzana esikhumba.
- Ama-antibiotiki angama-antibiotic abulala ama-bacterium ase- P. acnes angase asetshenziswe uma amanye ama-blackheads atheleleke.
- I-prescription antibiotic yomlomo iphinda ibulale ama-bacterium e- P. acnes futhi ingasetshenziswa uma eziningi zamnyama zihlolelekile noma uma zikhona amaphilisi anegciwane noma ama-pustules.
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Isiqu Esimnyama noma EsivuthayoNjengoba i-sebum ephuma emthonjeni we-sebaceous namaseli esikhumba aphukile, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-corneocytes, akha, abeka ukucindezela kuma-cell azungeze i-pore. Uma ukucindezela okwanele kuqhutshwa, izinhlangothi zokuqhekeka kwe-pore kanye nezinto ezibucayi zivuza esikhumbeni esiseduze. Njengoba izinto ezizimele ziqukethe eziningi ze- P. acnes bacteria, isikhumba esizungezile sithola igciwane futhi sakha i-red bump (okuzoyibiza ngokuthi i-pimple ejwayelekile). Ithimba lezokwelapha laleli bomvu elibomvu liyi-papule yokuvuvukala.
Lezi ezinye imithi engasiza kulokhu.
- I- benzoyl peroxide engaphezu kwe-anti- killer ibulala amabhaktheriya futhi isiza ukuvimbela ama- P. acnes ekudleni.
- Imikhiqizo ye-tretinoin yemithi efana ne-Retin-A, i-Retin-A Micro, ne-Avita ibuyisela emuva ukuqina kwamaseli wesikhumba okubenza bavame ukuvama.
- I-over-counter-counter-salicylic acid 2% i-lotion i-beta hydroxy acid ebuye ishintshe ukuqina kwamangqamuzana esikhumba.
- Ama-antibiotiki angama-antibiotic abulala ama-bacterium ase- P. acnes futhi avame ukusetshenziswa uma umuntu enamapulethi athile avuthayo.
- I-prescription antibiotic yomlomo ibuye ibulale ama-bacterium e- P. acnes futhi isetshenziswa njalo uma umuntu enamaphilisi amaningi okuvuvukala.
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PustuleI-pustule ihluke ku- pimple kuphela ngoba iqukethe amaseli egazi amhlophe. Njengoba amasosha omzimba elwa nokutheleleka kwe- P. acnes , ngezinye izikhathi amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe (ayingxenye yesistimu yomzimba) agxuma, enza i-pus ku-pore. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-pustule. Siyazi ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zamasosha omzimba ezihilelekile ekwenzeni izibhamu kanye namapustules, kodwa akucaci ukuthi kungani ezinye izilonda ziqala ukugxila kuzo kanti abanye abenzi. Lokhu kubaluleke nje kuphela ekuboneni kwesayensi ngoba, cishe, izibhamu kanye nama-pustules ziphathwa ngendlela efanayo.
Lezi ezinye imithi engasiza kulokhu.
- I-benzoyl peroxide engaphezu kwe-anti-killer ibulala amabhaktheriya futhi isiza ukuvimbela ama- P. acnes ekudleni.
- Imikhiqizo ye-tretinoin yemithi efana ne-Retin-A, i-Retin-A Micro, ne-Avita ibuyisela emuva ukuqina kwamaseli wesikhumba okubenza bavame ukuvama.
- I-over-counter-counter-salicylic acid 2% i-lotion i-beta hydroxy acid ebuye ishintshe ukuqina kwamangqamuzana esikhumba.
- Ama-antibiotic aqoshiwe asemthethweni abulala ama- P. acnes bacteria futhi avame ukusetshenziswa uma umuntu enamapustules.
- I-prescription antibiotic yomlomo ibuye ibulale ama-bacterium e- P. acnes futhi isetshenziswa njalo uma umuntu enama-pustules amaningi.
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I-Cyst noma i-NoduleNgezinye izikhathi lapho izinto ezihlambalaza kanye nama-bacterium evuza isikhumba esizungezile, ukutheleleka kusakazeka kabanzi futhi kujulile, kubangele ukonakala nokubunjwa kwama-nodules noma ama-cysts. Lezi yizinto ezijulile "ze-pizza" ezibhekene nezilonda ezibuhlungu kakhulu futhi eziphikisana nezinqubo zokwelashwa ngaphezulu.
Lezi ezinye imithi engasiza kulokhu.
- Imikhiqizo ye-tretinoin yemithi efana ne-Retin-A, i-Retin-A Micro, ne-Avita ibuyisela emuva ukuqina kwamaseli wesikhumba okubenza bavame ukuvama.
- I-prescription antibiotic yomlomo ibuye ibulale ama- P. acnes bacteria futhi ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukutheleleka nge-cystic acne.
- I-Isotretinoin (i-Accutane) ingahle ibekwe ukuba ilawule izicucu ze-cystic ezinzima. Lesi sidakamizwa sinemiphumela emibi kakhulu futhi sidinga ukubhekwa eduze uma sisetshenziswa.