Odokotela bangase bathi kaningi ukuthi isifo se-thyroid "sitholakale kalula, siphula kalula," noma ukuthi "umdlavuza wegciwane ngumdlavuza omuhle ," kodwa iziguli ze-thyroid ziyazi ukuthi kunezinselele ezikhona zokuphila nesifo segciwane. Ake sibheke izinselele eziyi-10 eziyinhloko ongabhekana nazo ngokuphila nesifo segciwane.
1. Ukwazi Zonke Izinyathelo Zakho Zokwelapha Hypothyroidism
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi une-iodine ye-radioactive (RAI) ye-Graves's disease, i-thyroidectomy yesifo somdlavuza we-thyroiditis, noma i-Hashimoto's thyroiditis, cishe uzophelisa i-hypothyroid, okudinga ukuthatha imithi yokwelapha i-hormone .
Inselelo enkulu, noma kunjalo, ukwazi ukuthi kunezinketho zokwelashwa. Odokotela abavamile kanye ne-endocrinologists bavame ukutshela iziguli ukuthi kukhona ukwelashwa okulodwa kuphela: i-levothyroxine, ifomu yokwenziwa kwe-hormone ye-T4. Amagama we-Brand ahlanganisa i-Synthroid, i-Levoxyl, ne-Tirosint. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izidakamizwa kanye nezinhlanganisela ezikhona nezinketho eziphephile nezisebenzayo ze-hypothyroidism. Ngeke ukwazi ukuzwa ngalokhu okukhethwa kukho odokotela abaningi abavamile, noma kunjalo. Lezi ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zihlanganisa:
- I-Levothyroxine ne-T3 yokwelashwa, enezela i-liothyronine (igama lomkhiqizo yi-Cytomel), uhlobo oluthile lwe-T3, noma i-liothyron
- I-Levothyroxine kanye nesifo semvelo esihlotshisiwe (NDT). I-NDT iyi-thyroid ye-prescription eyakhiwe kusukela ezigulini zomshukela ezomile zezingulube, futhi isemakethe iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu njengendlela yokwelapha i-hypothyroidism. Ihlanganisa izinhlobo zemvelo zombili ama-hormone e-T4 no-T3. Amanye amagama e-brand ahlanganisa i-Nature-Throid ne-Armor Thyroid.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-NDT kuphela
Ngaphambi kokudla okunomsoco, kukhona nobufakazi bokuthi endaweni egciniwe yabantu abanobuchopho be-thyroid, kodwa futhi banesifo se-celiac , ukuqeda ngokuphelele i-gluten ekudleni kungafaka isifo sabo se-thyroid ukuba sithethelele, sixazulule izimpawu, futhi sinqume isidingo imithi ye-thyroid.
Ukuhlolwa kwesifo se-celiac ne-gluten ukungabekezelelani akuvamile ukwenza odokotela abaningi abavamile noma abadokotela be-endocrinologists.
2. Ukwazi Zonke Izifo Zakho Amangcwaba / Hyperthyroidism Ukwelapha Izinketho
Uma uthola ukuthi unesifo se-Graves noma i-hyperthyroidism, ukuthambekela kwamadokotela amaningi e-US ukukhuthaza ngokushesha ukuthi ube nokwelashwa kwe-iodine ablation (RAI) . Abanye odokotela bathi lokhu yi "Rush kuya RAI."
Ukuphathwa kwe-RAI kuhilela ukuthatha umthamo we-iodine esebenzayo, okugxila kwi-thyroid yakho bese uyichitha, ukuxazulula i-hyperthyroidism yakho. I-RAI, noma kunjalo, ngokuvamile iholela ekufakeni i-hypothyroidism yangempela yonke kanye nesidingo semithi ye-hormone esikhundleni somuthi we-thyroid.
Ngaphandle kwe-US, noma kunjalo, odokotela banamathuba amaningi okuzama ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-antithyroid , ezinciphisa i-thyroid ngaphandle kokubhubhisa unomphela. Ngenxa yokuthi amaphesenti angamaphesenti angama-30 e-Graves 'kanye neziguli ze-hyperthyroidism zithola ukuxoshwa kwezidakamizwa ze-antithyroid, odokotela abangaphandle kwe-US ngokuvamile basebenzisa ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa njengendlela yokwelashwa kokuqala futhi bancoma i-RAI uma kukhona ukungezwani komzimba noma ukuzwela kwezidakamizwa, noma izidakamizwa aziphumelelanga ekuxazululeni i-hyperthyroidism.
Ezinye izifo ze-Graves kanye neziguli ze-hyperthyroidism e-US azikaze zitshelwe ukuthi izidakamizwa ze-antithyroid ziyindlela yokukhetha.
Zethulwa nge-RAI njengokwelashwa okuphela.
Enye inkinga yilabo besifazane abaneminyaka yobudala bokubeletha, i-RAI ayinconywa uma uhlela ukukhulelwa ngonyaka ozayo. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi ulinde okungenani unyaka ngemuva kwe-RAI ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, noma ngisho nangaphezulu uma udinga ukuqiniswa imithi ye-thyroid.
Ngaphandle kwe-US, i-RAI ayidlangalaleni eyenziwa kunoma yimuphi owesifazane oneminyaka yobudala bokubeletha, ngenxa yaleso sizathu kuphela. Esikhundleni salokho, ukukhishwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-thyroid kunconywa njalo.
Kodwa futhi, e-US, abesifazane abaningi abaqondiswa odokotela babo ukuthi uma bethemba ukuthi bazokhulelwa ngonyaka ozayo, ukuhlinzwa kungase kube yindlela engcono futhi uma isifo se-hormone yabo yegciwane isimisiwe, singakhulelwa ngokuphepha, kunokulinda.
3. Ukuthola odokotela abafanele
Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu ongase ubhekane nazo ukuthola ukuthola udokotela ofanele ukunakekelwa kwegciwane lakho. Uma unesifo se-Graves noma i-hyperthyroidism, ama-nodules we-thyroid, noma umdlavuza we-thyroid, ngokuvamile uzodinga ukubonana nomculi we-endocrinologist. Kodwa abaningi be-endocrinologists bahlose isifo sikashukela futhi banomkhawulo oqhubekayo wokuhlola nokuphatha iziguli ze-thyroid.
Ngakho-ke, i-subset yama-endocrinologists abanobuciko besifo se -roid isincane kakhulu. Ngokufanayo, uma une-Hashimoto's thyroiditis noma ulawula i-hypothyroidism eqhubekayo, ungathola ukuthi odokotela bokunakekelwa okuyinhloko noma abathintekayo basebenzisa indlela eqondile, futhi banikeza izinketho zokwelashwa okulinganiselwe. Izinsiza ezimbili zokukusiza ukunqoba le nselele:
- Iziguli Zigciwane: Uhlobo Luni Lomdokotela Okufanele Uwubone?
- Ukunquma Ngabasebenzi Bezinsizakalo Zakho Ze-Thyroid
4. Ukuntuleka kwama-endocrinologists
I-endocrinologists ihlose ekulawuleni izifo ze-endocrine ezihlanganisa isifo sikashukela-esifinyelela ekuqandeni kwesifo se-US- kanye nezimo ezibandakanya ukungabi nabantwana nezinkinga zokuzala, i-polycystic ovary syndrome, ukuphuma esikhathini, ukukhubazeka kwe-osteoporosis, ukukhubazeka kwe-hormone yokukhula, kanye nesifo se-thyroid. E-US, sinokuntuleka okukhulu kwezazi ze-endocrinologists .
Ezinye ucwaningo zilinganisela ukuthi kunomuntu oyedwa kuphela we-endocrinologist ezinkulungwaneni zabantu abanezimo eziwela ngaphansi kwezingqondo ze-endocrinologists. Izinhlu zokulinda ukubona ama-endocrinologists zingaba ngamasonto kuya ezinyangeni eziningi-Uma ungangena ngisho nhlobo. Iqiniso liwukuthi azikho nje okwanele zokugcina i-endocrinologists ukukhonza wonke umuntu onesimo se -roid. Ngisho noma kunjalo, abaningi be-endocrinologists banokugxila okuncane, futhi bagxila ikakhulukazi ezigulini zesifo sikashukela, noma i-endocrinology yokuzala, futhi ungathathi iziguli ze-thyroid. Nakuba i-endocrinologists ingabalulekile ekuhloleni kanye nokwelashwa kwesifo sikaHashimoto kanye ne-hypothyroidism , zibalulekile ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana nesifo se-Graves, ama-nodules we-thyroid nomdlavuza wegciwane.
5. Ukubhekana Nokukhathala
Esinye sezikhalazo ezivame kakhulu zeziguli ze-thyroid-kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-hypothyroid noma i-hyperthyroid-iyinkathazo engapheli futhi ephikelela. Ukukhathala kungadambisa futhi kuvame ukunganaki ukulala noma ukuphumula okwengeziwe. Ukukhathala kuvame kakhulu uma i-hypothyroidism yakho ingaphathwa kabi noma ingalahliwe, noma uma u-hyperthyroid futhi ubhekene nokulala nokungazinzi. Nokho, kukhona izixazululo kule nselele .
6. Ukuphatha Isisindo Sakho
Amaphesenti amakhulu abantu abano-hypothyroid aphela ngesisindo esengeziwe esinzima-futhi ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala singenakwenzeka-ukulahlekelwa. Lesi esinye sezikhalo eziyinhloko zabantu abaningi abanezimo ze-thyroid: ukuthi akukho ndlela yekhalori yokusika, izinguquko zokudla, noma ukuzivocavoca okunamandla kukwazi ukuhambisa isikali ngendlela efanele.
Kunezici eziningana ezingenza isisindo sibe nzima nakakhulu kwiziguli ze-thyroid, kufaka phakathi :
- Ukuphathwa kabi noma ukungahambisani ne-hypothyroidism
- I-slow metabolism noma isisindo esiphezulu sesisindo, ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa
- Ingozi eyengeziwe yokwehlisa i-insulin kanye nesifo se-metabolic syndrome
- Amandla amancane, ahumusha ekuzivocavoca umzimba kancane futhi amakholori ambalwa ashiswa
- Izinguquko ze-hormonal ezenza ube nempumelelo egciniwe ekugcineni amafutha nokusebenza kancane uma uwushisa
Kunezixazululo zeziguli ze-thyroid ezibhekene nesisindo .
7. Ukubhekana Nezinguquko Zemizwelo Ehlobene Ne-Thyroid
Ukungahloliswanga, ukucindezeleka, nokucindezeleka kwesifo se-thyroid kungabangela uhlu lwezimpahla zokuzizwa nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo. Ukucindezeleka, ubuchopho bobuchopho, izinkinga zememori, ukuhlaselwa kwesibindi, nokukhathazeka konke kungahlobene ne-thyroid yakho. Ungase ube nezimpawu ezithinta inhliziyo yakho futhi uphazamise ikhono lakho lokusebenza ngempumelelo.
Lezi zimpawu zingase zibe inselele uma uzama ukuthola ukuxilongwa, njengoba odokotela abathile bezokunikeza imiyalelo yezinkinga zokuvimbela ukucindezeleka noma imithi yokuphikisana nayo esikhundleni somyalelo webhu wephaneli le-thyroid. Ngisho nangokwelashwa, ungase unesinye sezimo ezihlobene nomzwelo ezibangelwa yi-thyroid yakho.
Okungcono, isisombululo esiyinhloko ukuphathwa kahle kwesimo sakho se-thyroid. Kwezinye izimo, imishanguzo yokucindezeleka noma ye-antianxiety ingasiza. Kodwa ungayigcini izinzuzo zeminye imikhuba, ezinye zazo ezichazwe yi-psychologist ohlangene uDkt. Jan Nicholson.
Ungathola futhi ukukhululeka kokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka ngokufaka umkhuba ovamile wokuzindla .
8. Odokotela abangafundile nabangenayo
Ngeshwa, ungase ubhekane nodokotela abangafundile nabangacabangi, futhi baba yinselele kunoma ubani onesifo esingapheli, kuhlanganise neziguli ze-thyroid. Uma unomdlavuza we-thyroid, ungase uhlangane nodokotela onomqondo omuhle (kodwa odambisa) owakutshela ukuthi "umdlavuza wegciwane ngumdlavuza omuhle," uma noma ubani onomdlavuza eyazi ukuthi akekho umdlavuza "omuhle" ekubonweni kwesiguli.
Noma, ungase ugijime odokotela abaphikelela ukuthi izidakamizwa zemvelo ezikhishwe emvelo zivela ezimpilweni (empeleni zithathwe ezingulube), futhi zibeka ingozi yesifo sezinkomo.
Noma ungase ube nodokotela ongekho emthethweni ophikelela ukuthi i-biopsy ye-thyroid engavumelani kusho ukuthi kufanele ube nokuhlinzwa kwe-thyroid, ungaqapheli ukuthi i- Afirma test evela kuVeracyte ingaba njalo iqiniseke ngokuqondile noma ihlolisise umdlavuza we -roid ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni ye-biopsy, futhi ugweme okungadingekile ukuhlinzwa.
Iseluleko esingcono kakhulu uma uhlangabezana nalomunye walaba odokotela abangenalwazi noma abangenakuqonda: yisikhathi sokuthola udokotela omusha we-thyroid .
9. Umndeni, Abangane, Nabaqashi Ongaqondi
Eziguli eziningi ze-thyroid, isifo se-thyroid asibangela izinguquko zangaphandle ezicacile. Ngeke ube nezinguquko ezinkulu zesisindo noma olunye ubufakazi obubonakalayo besimo sakho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunezigungu ezithile- Sofia Vergara womndeni wanamuhla ufika engqondweni-abasebenza njengabakhulumeli kanye nabagqugquzeli bezidakamizwa zegciwane, basakaza umyalezo wokuthi isifo se-thyroid asiyona umoya wokuphulukisa.
Ungase futhi wazi iziguli ze-thyroid, emva kokuxilongwa, zithatha amaphilisi azo, futhi azikho izinguquko ezibonakalayo endleleni abazizwa ngayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, abakholelwa ukuthi iziguli zakwa-thyroid nazo zinezibonakaliso ezingaxazululwa.
Lokhu kungase kusho ukuthi abangane, umndeni, kanye nabo osebenza nabo bakuthola kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi uyaphi, futhi abanakho ukuzwelana noma uzwela ngezinselele zempilo yakho. Isixazululo sale nselele? Banike enye yalezi zincwadi ukusiza ukuchaza lesi simo kubo:
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Enye yezinselelo eziningi iziguli ze-thyroid zibhekene nezinsuku lapho ufuna nje ukuyeka. Kubonakala kungenakwenzeka ukuthola udokotela ofanele, imithi efanele, noma ukushintsha kwesimo sokuphila okulungile ukuze kunciphise izimpawu eziqhubekayo njengokukhathala, ukuzuza isisindo noma ukucindezeleka. Izinwele zakho ziphuma futhi akukho lutho lubonakala lukuvimba, noma ulala amahora angu-12 futhi uvuka uphinde uzizwe uphelelwe amandla. Iyini iphuzu, ungase ubuze? Uma wena, njengeziguli eziningi ze-thyroid, ufika ekupheleni kwendophi yakho ngokubhekana nesifo sakho se-thyroid, wazi ukuthi awodwa . Kukhona abantu abaningi laphaya abazi ukuthi uzizwa kanjani, futhi baye bakwazi ukuwunqoba imizwa enjalo.
> Imithombo:
> Bahn, R., Burch, H, Cooper, D, et al. I-Hyperthyroidism nezinye izimbangela ze-Thyrotoxicosis: Iziqondiso Zokuphatha ze-American Thyroid Association ne-American Association of Endocrinologist Clinic. I-Endocrine Practice. I-Vol 17 No. 3 Meyi / Juni 2011.
> Braverman, L, Cooper D. Werner & Ingbar's The Thyroid, 10th Edition. I-WLL / Wolters Kluwer; 2012.
> Ch eng, CL, futhi. al. "Izifo ze-Celiac nezifo ze-Thyroid Autoimmune." Imithi Yokwelashwa Nokucwaninga. 2007; 5 (3): 184-192. i-doi: 10.3121 / cmr.2007.738.
> Garber, J, Cobin, R, Gharib, H, et. al. "Iziqondiso Zomtholampilo Zokusebenza Nge-Hypothyroidism Kubantu Abadala: I-Cosponsored yi-American Association of Endocrinologists Clinic kanye ne-American Thyroid Association." I-Endocrine Practice. I-Vol 18 No. 6 Novemba / Disemba 2012.
> Roy, A, et. al. "Ukusabalala kwezifo ezingamaCeliac ezigulini ezinezifo ezizimele ze-Thyroid: A Meta-Analysis." I-Thyroid. 2016 Jul; 26 (7): 880-90. doi: 10.1089 / thy.2016.0108.