Abantu abanezimoto bahlukile komunye nomunye, kepha babelana ngalezi zimpawu.
Indlela Ehlukile Ngayo I-Autism Spectrum?
I- autism i-spectrum ihlanganisa uhla olubanzi kakhulu lwabantu, elinamakhono amaningi nezinselelo ezimangalisayo. Uma ucela ukwaziswa okuvamile mayelana ne-autism, cishe uzokwaziswa "uma wazi umuntu oyedwa nge-autism, uyazi umuntu oyedwa nge-autism."
Lokhu kuhlukahluka kusho ukuthi kungase kube nzima ukubeka incazelo enemininingwane engama-30 yesiyaluyalu.
Yeka indlela abantu abahlukahlukene ngayo abane-autism spectrum diagnosis? Nazi nje ukungafani okucacile phakathi kwabantu abanobubanzi:
- Abanye abantu abakulo mkhakha abanalo ulimi olukhulumayo - kodwa abanye bakhuluma ngamamayela ngomzuzu.
- Abanye bahlanganyela kakhulu (ngokuvamile bahlanganyela) nabanye abantu, kanti abanye bayokujabulela ukuchitha impilo yabo ngokugcwele.
- Abanye abanenkinga ngezixuku noma ngomsindo ngenkathi abanye becasulwa yi-buzz ye-bulb light light.
- Abanye abantu abane-autistic bayakwazi ukuphumelela izinga eliphezulu lokufunda, kanti abanye banokukhubazeka okunzima nokuqonda nokufunda.
- Abanye abantu be-autistic banokuziphatha okuhlukumezayo kanye / noma okuzikhukhumeza, kuyilapho abanye bebumnene futhi bephuza ukuthukuthela.
Kodwa i- autism ngempela iyinkinga ehlukile echazwe, ngokuningiliziwe, kumbhalo wokuhlola.
Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izimpawu zonke abantu abazimele abazenzayo?
Yilokho okushiwo yibo bonke abantu abathola ukuthi ku-autism spectrum bafana nobunzima obalulekile ezindaweni zokuxhumana zenhlalo, ukuziphatha okuphindaphindiwe, ukugxila ngokweqile ezindaweni ezithile ezithakazelisayo, nezimpendulo ezingavamile ekufakweni kwezinzwa (umsindo, ukukhanya, ukunambitha, njll) .
Lezi zingxabano zibalulekile ngokwanele ukuthi kumele zonakalise ikhono lomuntu ukuba ahlanganyele emisebenzini evamile yokuphila.
Ukukhipha le mbono, kuyasiza ukubheka ukuthi indawo ngayinye yokukhathazeka ingabheka kanjani kubantu abahlukene.
Ukuxhumana nabantu . Ukukhulumisana komphakathi kungumqondo obanzi kakhulu.
Akubandakanyi kuphela ikhono lokukhuluma, kodwa futhi ikhono lokukhuluma, ukubuza nokuphendula imibuzo, ukuthumela nokuthola ulimi lomzimba olungelona amazwi, intuit okushiwo incazelo efihlwe phakathi kwemigqa, nokunye okuningi. Abanye abantu abane-autism banezinkinga ezinkulu kule ndawo (abakwazi ukukhuluma nhlobo, noma basebenzise ulimi olukhulunywe ngezindlela ezinqunyelwe kakhulu). Abanye bangakwazi ukuphendula imibuzo eyinkimbinkimbi yemfundo noma ukukhuluma isikhathi eside mayelana nendawo ezithakazelisayo, kodwa abazi ukuthi bangaxoxa kanjani nomuntu ongahlanganyeli nezithakazelo zakhe. Kunoma yikuphi, noma kunjalo, ukwehluleka kokuxhumana komphakathi kunethonya elikhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.
Ukuphindaphinda nokukhuthazela. Abantu abane-autism bathanda ukwenza into efanayo ngokuphindaphindiwe , ngendlela efanayo. Kwabanye abantu, lokho kungase kusho ukulandela imikhuba efanayo, ukubukela amabhayisikobho ofanayo, noma ukukhuluma ngendaba efanayo. Kwabanye, kungase kusho ukususa indlu yangasese noma ukwenza umsindo ofanayo ngokuphindaphindiwe. Kunoma yikuphi, noma kunjalo, ukuphindaphinda nokukhuthazela kunethonya elibi kakhulu empilweni yansuku zonke.
Izinselele ezinengqondo . Abantu abane-autism basabela ngendlela ehlukile kubantu abaningi ukuya ekufakweni kwezinzwa. Abanye abantu banomthelela ngokweqile emisindo ethile, iphunga, njll, futhi abakwazi ukuhlala endaweni yomphakathi.
Abanye banezimpendulo ezinamandla. Abanye bakhetha ukukhanya okuthulile futhi okuncane futhi bagweme ukuthinta ngenkathi abanye bethanda umculo omkhulu futhi befisa ukucindezeleka okujulile. Noma yikuphi, kubantu abaningi be-autistic, izinselele zengqondo zithola indlela yokujabulela okuhlangenwe nakho okuvamile okuphila.
Imithombo:
I-Autism Society of America Website
I-Autism Spectrum Disorders (Izifo Eziphuthumayo Zokuthuthukiswa) I-National Institute of Health Mental, 2004. Greenspan, uStanley. "Ingane enezidingo ezikhethekile." C 1998: Amabhuku e-Perseus.
Romanowski, Patricia et al. "Umhlahlandlela we-OASIS we-Asperger Syndrome." C 2000: Abahleli bezintambo, eNew York, NY.