Izingozi zezempilo zokubhema ugwayi ziningi futhi zisungulwe kahle- ukubhema kuhlobene kakhulu nomdlavuza, isifo senhliziyo, i-COPD, i-emphysema nezinye izimo eziningi. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi ukubhema nakho kuxhunywe empilweni yakho yobuchopho?
Ngokusho kweWorld Health Organization (WHO) , ukubhema ugwayi kuyingozi enkulu ekuthuthukiseni ukucindezeleka kwengqondo - isimo lapho ubuchopho bakho busebenza khona.
Izinhlobo zengqondo ye-dementia zihlanganisa isifo se-Alzheimer , ukucindezeleka kwengqondo , ukucindezeleka kwangaphambili kwe-frontotemporal kanye ne- Lewy yokugula komzimba .
Ingozi Yokubhema Ugwayi
Ngonyaka we-2014, i-WHO ikhishwe idokhumenti eveza ukuxhumana phakathi kokubhema ugwayi kanye nokuwohloka komqondo. Balinganisela ukuthi "amacala angu-14 e-Alzheimer's disease emhlabeni wonke angabhekwa ngokubhema" ( WHO 2014 ).
I- Action on Smoking and Health eScotland yenza ucwaningo ukuthi ababhemayo ababhema kakhulu bangase babe namathuba angama-70% okuthuthukisa ukuwohloka komqondo.
Ukwengeza, kubonakala sengathi kukhona ubudlelwane phakathi kokungathi umuntu obhemayo nomngcipheko we-dementia . Amaphuzu okucwaninga abe engozini enkulu kulabo ababhema ngaphezulu. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi, nakuba ukuyeka ukubhema kungcono, ngisho nokusika kuyasiza.
Ekunciphiseni okuphathelene nokukhula kwengqondo (lapho abantu asebekhulile behlushwa kancane kancane ekucabangeni nasenkumbulweni kodwa basakwazi ukusebenza kahle), ukubhema kuhlotshaniswa nokunciphisa okusheshayo ememori nasekusebenzeni kwamakhono okuphatha .
Ingabe Ukuyeka Ukunciphisa Ingozi Ye-Dementia?
Ukuyeka ukubhema kubonakala kuwusizo empilweni yengqondo. Olunye ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ingozi yokudemeka kwengqondo kulabo abayeke ukubhema okungenani iminyaka eyishumi yayifana nelabo abangazange baphuze.
Ingozi Yomusi Wesibili Wesandla
Ukuqwashisa kukhula ngokuphathelene nobungozi bokubhema komusi wesandla.
Umusi wesibhakela wesibini, obizwa nangokuthi ukubhema, ukubhema kwentuthu kagwayi noma ukubhema okungazibandakanyi, kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nezici ezifanayo zezempilo ezishiwo ngenhla- impilo yenhliziyo, ukusebenza kwemaphaphu kanye nomdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningi manje uphinde ubhekisele engozini yokunciphisa ukubhema komqondo ngenxa yokubhema ukubhema ugwayi ngomusi wesandla wesithathu.
Ukuvezwa kokubhema ekhaya, endaweni yokusebenzela nakwezinye izindawo konke kwaxhunyaniswe nengozi yengozi ye-dementia, futhi ukuvezwa kuzo zonke izindawo ezintathu kwakuboshwe engozini enkulu.
Ingabe Ugwayi Ongabhema Ungaluthola Ingozi Efanayo?
Akuqinisekisiwe nokho uma ugwayi ongabheki futhi ukwandisa ingozi yokugula komqondo. Ucwaningo olulodwa oluchazwe kuyi- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry alutholanga ingozi eyengeziwe ehlobene nokubhema ugwayi. Kodwa-ke, i-WHO ibonisa ukuthi akunangqondo ukucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ugwayi "unamakhemikhali angaphezu kuka-2000, kuhlanganise ne-nicotine" ( WHO 2014 ). Ugwayi ongenalimi obala uye wahambisana neminye imiphumela emibi yezempilo, kuhlanganise nomdlavuza womlomo.
Kungani Kubalulekile? Izizathu ezintathu
- Impilo yakho . Ungakwazi ukuvikela ubuchopho bakho ngokuthi ungalokothi ubhema, ngokunciphisa noma ukuyeka uma ubhema, nangokunciphisa ukuvezwa kwakho kokubhema komuntu wesandla.
- Impilo yabanye . Uma ubhema, qaphela umthelela wokukhetha ukubhema kulabo abaseduze nawe.
- Izindleko nomthelela, kokubili ezweni nasemhlabeni wonke . I-Dementia ukukhathazeka kwezempilo emhlabeni. Okwamanje asikho indlela ephumelelayo yokwelapha i-Alzheimer's, nakuba kunemithi eye yabonisa ukusebenza okulinganiselwe esikhathini esifushane. Ukubhema ukubhema nokuvezwa kokubhema komkhono wesibili kuyindawo esingayisebenzisa ngayo ukuzama ukunciphisa ubungozi bokudemuka komqondo, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto ezibeka ingozi ezifana nobudala, umlando womndeni noma i-genetics esingakwazi ukuyilawula. Ukunciphisa ubungozi bokudemuka kwengqondo emhlabeni wonke kungagcina kuphela imali engakanani yokudinga labo abane-Alzheimer's, futhi (futhi okubaluleke kakhulu) kungathuthukisa izinga lokuphila futhi kulondoloze izimpilo.
Izinsiza Zokuyeka Ukubhema
Uchwepheshe uTerry Martin uchaza izindlela eziphumelelayo zokuyeka ukubhema. Udokotela wakho angakusiza, kanye nezinye izinhlangano ezifana ne-American Cancer Society.
Imithombo:
Izifo Zama-Alzheimer International. NgoJulayi 9, 2014. Ukubhema kwandisa ingozi yokugula komqondo. http://www.alz.co.uk/news/smoking-increases-risk-of-dementia
Isenzo Sokubhema Nezempilo eScotland. May 2013. Ukubhema nokuDementia. http://www.ashscotland.org.uk/media/5680/dementia.pdf
I-International Journal ye-Geriatric Psychiatry. 2011 Nov; 26 (11): 1177-85.Ukusetshenziswa komgwaqo nokudemeka komqondo: ubufakazi obuvela ku-1066 ukuhlolwa kwesifo se-dementia e-Latin America, eChina naseNdiya. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21308786
Imithi Yokusebenza Nezemvelo. 2013; 70: 63-69. Inhlangano phakathi kokuchayeka kwentuthu kagwayi yendawo yokushisa nokuhlushwa kwengqondo. http://oem.bmj.com/content/70/1/63.full
I-World Health Organization. Juni 2014. Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kanye ne-Dementia. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/128041/1/WHO_NMH_PND_CIC_TKS_14.1_eng.pdf