4 Izinto Ezikhomba Ukufa Nokusinda Amanani
Isikhathi sokuphila somuntu one-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) yisihloko abantu abaningi abangakufuni ukukhuluma ngazo. Kodwa uma wena noma othandekayo uthola ukuthi unesifo , khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi uchithe isikhathi esiningi ucabanga ngakho.
Ukuqonda isiphumo ( ukubikezelwa ) kwesifo kungashukumisa abantu ukuba benze izinguquko ezidingekayo ezingase zithuthukise izinga labo lokuphila futhi zisize ziphile isikhathi eside.
Ekugcineni, isikhathi sokuphila kwabantu abano-COPD sinjalo-isilinganiso. Ungavame ukudlulela okulindelwe ngokuthatha futhi uphendule lezo zici ongashintsha.
Indlela Yokubikezela Ukulindela Ukuphila
Nakuba kungekho mithetho eqinile futhi eqondisa ukuthi umuntu angaphila isikhathi eside ne-COPD, uhlelo olubizwa ngokuthi i- BODE Index luye lwasungulwa njengendlela yokubikezela izikhathi zokusinda ngokusekelwe ezicini ezine ezichazwe i-BODE ecacile:
- I-B yinkomba yakho yomzimba wakho (BMI).
- O kungenxa yokuvinjelwa kwe-airflow njengoba kulinganiswa umthamo womoya oxoshiwe.
- D kungenxa yobukhulu be-dyspnea (ukuphefumula okuncane),
- E ukubekezelelana kokuzivocavoca okusekelwe ekuvivinyeni okuhamba ngeminithi eyisithupha.
Ngokusekelwe kulezi zici, umuntu uzobe esezingeni elingu-0 kuya kwezingu-10, ngamamaki aphansi ahambelana nezikhathi ezinde zokuhlala namamaki aphezulu ahambisana nezikhathi ezincanyana zokusinda. Ngalesi sibalo, udokotela angakwazi ukubikezela ukuthi umphumela wakho uzoba yini futhi unikeze izindlela zokuthuthukisa ekubhaleni kwakho kwe-BODE.
Inkomba ye-BOD ikulinganisa amathuba okuphila kwakho iminyaka emine ngokulandela amaphesenti alandelayo:
- Amaphuzu angu-0 kuya kwangu-2: amaphesenti angu-80
- Amaphuzu amathathu kuya kwangu-4: amaphesenti angu-67
- Amaphuzu angu-5 kuya kwangu-6: amaphesenti angu-57
- Amaphuzu angu-7 kuya kwangu-10: amaphesenti angu-18
Ukuqeda I-BODE Index
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi lezi zinto zifaka kanjani ekufeni kubantu abanoCOPD, bheka ngamunye ngaphakathi kokuqukethwe kwesifo:
- I-index mass mass (BMI) iyithuluzi elisetshenzisiwe lilinganisa inani lomzimba womzimba onalo mayelana nokuphakama nesisindo sakho. I-BMI ephansi (okuncane kakhulu) ihlotshaniswa nomphumela ompofu kubantu abane-COPD.
- Ukuvinjelwa kwe-Airway kulinganiswa nokuhlolwa okulula okubizwa ngokuthi i- spirometry . Ingxenye eyodwa yokuhlolwa ilinganisa umthamo womoya ongaxosha ngomzuzwana owodwa (owaziwa njengevolumu yokuphelelwa yisikhathi, noma FEV1 ). I-FEV1 iyisimo esiqinile sokusinda kubantu abane-COPD. Labo abanenkinga enkulu yokwelapha emoyeni okwelashwa kakhudlwana kwe-oksijeni banamazinga aphansi okusinda (cishe amaphesenti angu-70 kuya ngonyaka, amaphesenti angu-50 kuya ngonyaka amabili, namaphesenti angu-43 kuya ngonyaka abathathu).
- Izinga lokuhlola le-Dyspnea umbono womuntu wezimpawu zabo ze-COPD futhi ihumusha leyo mibono ibe yinani elilinganiselwe. Amamaki we-MMRC dyspnea esikhungweni se-0 kuya kwezingu-4 (0 kuba okungenani ukuphefumula kuya ku-4 kube okungcono kakhulu). Ngenkathi i-FEV1 ithathwa njengendlela engcono kakhulu yokubikezela ukufa kwe-COPD, izinga le-dyspnea lingase libe lusizo xa libikezela ukusinda.
- Ukuzivocavoca umthamo kunganciphisa kakhulu phambi kweCOPD. Kungenziwa kulinganiswa ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kokuhamba ngomzuzu-6 okungahlinzeka kokubili ukulinganisa kokufa kanye nesisekelo esingaba khona abantu abangayenza izinguquko zokuphila ngendlela enhle.
Indlela Yokuthuthukisa I-BODE Yakho Ibanga
Into ebalulekile nge-Index BODE akusho ukuthi utshela isikhathi eside ukuthi kufanele uphile kodwa yiziphi izinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze uthole indlela yokuphila enempilo. Omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zibhema. Ayikho enye into eguquguqukayo enethonya elikhulu esikhathini sakho sokusinda kunomkhuba wokukhanyisa.
Uma ungumuntu obhemayo ne-COPD, kunezinhloso ezintathu okudingeka uzamukele:
- Ukuyeka ukubhema kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu (futhi ephansi kakhulu) yokuvimbela i-COPD noma ukuqhubeka kancane kwesifo. Ukukhubazeka komsebenzi kungancipha futhi kubuye kuvamile uma ushiya, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uneminyaka yakho, isisindo noma ubulili.
- Ukugwema ukubhema umsizi kusho ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokungakhulumi kuphela ukubhema kwakho kodwa abakuzungezile. Akukho nhlobo ekuhleleni ngokuzithoba uma umoya ophefumulayo unemifino efana ne-carcinogenic.
- Ukujoyina iqembu lokusekela ukubhema kwandisa amathuba akho okuyeka futhi ugcine ugwayi. Ukungena yedwa, ngisho nemithi yokuyeka, kunzima nakakhulu uma ihluleka ukwelapha izingxenye zomzwelo zokulutha.
Lezi zinguquko, kanye nesimiso esifanele, sokuqondisa izidakamizwa eziholwa udokotela, inikeza izindlela ezingcono zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokuphila okuthuthukisiwe uma une-COPD.
> Imithombo:
> Shavelle RM, Paculdo DR, Kush SJ, Mannino DM, Strauss DJ. Isikhathi sokuphila neminyaka yokuphila elahlekelwe yisifo esingenasifo se-pulmonary pulmonary: Ukuthola okuvela ku-NHANES III Ukufunda Okulandelwayo. I-International Journal ye-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease . 2009; 4: 137-148.
> Torres JPD, Casanova C, Marín JM, et al. Ukuhlolwa kokubikezelwa kweziguli ze-COPD: GOLD 2011 ngokumelene ne-BODE kanye ne-COPD index comorbidity COTE. I-Thorax . 2014; 69 (9): 799-804. doi: 10.1136 / thoraxjnl-2014-205770.