Indlela Umbono Wokukhubazeka Oqondisa Ukwelapha
I-Dyspnea yigama lezokwelapha elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ukuphefumula, isibonakaliso esibhekwe phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo ezingavamile zokuphefumula (COPD) kuhlanganise ne-emphysema ne-bronchitis engapheli.
Njengoba i-COPD ihamba phambili futhi ingabuyiselwa, ubukhulu be-dyspnea budlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni kokubili isigaba sesifo kanye nokwelashwa okufanelekile.
Izinselele ekuHlangeni
Kusukela emibonweni yomtholampilo, inselele yokuthola i-dyspnea yilokho okuyi-subjective. Ngesikhathi ukuhlolwa kwe- spirometry (okuyinto eyenza amandla amaphaphu) kanye ne- pulse oximetry (ebeka amazinga e-oxygen egazini) ingabonisa ukuthi abantu ababili banesimo esifanayo sokuphefumula, omunye angase azizwe ephelile emva komsebenzi ngenkathi enye ingase ihle.
Ekugcineni, umbono womuntu we-dyspnea ubalulekile ngoba kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lowo muntu akaphuluki noma angaphathwa kabi futhi ukuthi ukwelashwa okunqunyiwe, uma kudingeka, kuzothuthukisa izinga lomuntu lomuntu kunokuba athathe kulo.
Kuze kube sekugcineni, ama-pulmonologists azosebenzisa ithuluzi elibizwa ngokuthi i-Medical Research Council (mMRC) i-dyspnea esikalini esilinganiselwe ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ukuphefumula komuntu ngamunye kubangela ukukhubazeka kwezwe langempela.
Ukuhlolwa Kwenziwe kanjani
Inqubo yokulinganisa i-dyspnea ifana nokuhlolwa okusetshenziselwa ukulinganisa ubuhlungu bombono kubantu abanezinhlungu ezingapheliyo.
Esikhundleni sokuchaza i-dyspnea ngokwemikhakha yamaphaphu, isikali se-mMRC sizokala ukuzwa kwe-dyspnea njengoba umuntu ekubona.
Ubukhulu be-dyspnea bubekwe esikalini sika-0 kuya ku-4, inani elizoqondisa kokubili ukuxilongwa nokuhlela ukwelashwa.
| Ibanga | Incazelo yokuphefumula |
|---|---|
| 0 | "Ngifika ukuphefumula ngokuzivocavoca okunamandla." |
| 1 | "Angifuni ukuphefumula uma ngiphuthuma emhlabathini noma ngihamba ngentaba encane." |
| 2 | "Ezingeni eliphansi, ngihamba kancane kunabantu abaneminyaka efanayo ngenxa yokuphefumula noma kufanele ngiyeke ukuphefumula lapho ngihamba ngezinga lami." |
| 3 | "Ngiyayeka ukuphefumula ngemva kokuhamba ngamaydi angu-100 noma ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa ngisemgangeni." |
| 4 | "Ngiphilile kakhulu ukuba ngiphume endlini, noma ngiphefumula lapho ngigqoka." |
Indima ye-MMRC Dyspnea Scale
Isilinganiso se-mMRC dyspnea esiye sabonakala sigugu emkhakheni we-pulmonology njengoba inikeza odokotela nabacwaningi ukuthi kusho ukuthi:
- Hlola ukusebenza kokwelapha ngesinye isinye
- Qhathanisa ukuphumelela kokwelashwa ngaphakathi kwabantu
- Ukubikezela izikhathi zokuphila kanye namanani
Kusukela kumqondo womtholampilo, i-mMRC scale correlates kahle kakhulu ezinyathelo ezinjengezinhloso zokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamapayimoni nokuhamba ngezinyawo . Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindinganiso zivame ukuzinza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okusho ukuthi azincishiswa kakhulu ukuhlukahluka okungaqondakali umuntu angase acabange.
Ukusebenzisa i-BODE Index Ukubikezela Ukusinda
Isilinganiso se-mMRC dyspnea sisetshenziselwa ukubala inkomba ye-BODE , ithuluzi elisiza ukulinganisa izikhathi zokuphila zabantu abahlala neCOPD.
I-Index ye-BOD iqukethe inkomba yomzimba womuntu ("B"), ukuvinjelwa kwamanqamu ("O"), i-dyspnea ("D"), nokuzibekezela kokuzivocavoca ("E"). Ngayinye yalezi zingxenye zihanjiswe ngesilinganiso se-0 kuya ku-1 noma ku-0 kuya kwezingu-3, izinombolo zazo ezibekwe eceleni ngenani lokugcina.
Inani lokugcina-kusukela ekuphansi njenge-0 kuya phezulu kune-10-linikeza odokotela iphesenti lokuthi cishe umuntu uzophila kanjani iminyaka emine. Ithebhulethi yokugcina ye-BOD ichazwe kanje:
- Amaphuzu angu-0 kuya kwangu-2: amaphesenti angama-80 amathuba okusinda
- Amaphuzu amathathu kuya kwangu-4: amathuba engama-67 okusinda
- Amaphuzu angu-5 kwangu-6: amathuba angu-57 okusinda
- Amaphuzu angu-7 kuya ku-10: amaphesenti angu-18 amathuba okuphila
Amanani we-BODE, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amancane noma amancane, awasethwe etsheni. Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila nokunamathela kokwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe kungathuthukisa imiphumela yesikhathi eside, ngezinye izikhathi ngokuphawulekayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinto ezifana nokuyeka ukubhema, ukuthuthukisa ukudla kwakho, nokuzivocavoca okufanele ukuthuthukisa amandla akho okuphefumula.
Ekugcineni, izinombolo zimane nje ziyisiqu sempilo yamanje, hhayi ukubikezelwa kokufa kwakho.
Ekugcineni, ukhetho lokuphila olwenzayo lungadlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi ngabe iziphi izinkinga ezikuphi noma ezithandweni zakho.
> Imithombo:
> Chhabra, S., Gupta, A., noKhuma, M. "Ukuhlolwa kwezilinganiso ezintathu ze-dyspnea ezifo zesifo se-pulmonary chronic obstructive." Ama-Annals we-Thoracic Medicine. 2009; 4 (3): 128-32. I-DOI: 10.4103 / 1817-1737.53351.
> Perez, T .; I-Burgel, P .; Paillasseur, J .; et al. "Isilinganiso se-Medical Research Council esilinganiselwe vs Isisekelo seDyspnea Index sokuhlola i-dyspnea kwisifo esingenasifo se-pulmonary chronic obstructive." I-International Journal ye-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease . 2015; 10: 1663-72. I-DOI: 10.2147 / COPD.S82408.