Kungani Isikhukhula Kungaba Isibonakaliso Esibalulekile Sokwehluleka Kwezinhliziyo
Iningi labantu lihlobanisa ukukhwehlela ngenkinga yamaphaphu noma yomoya, hhayi ngenhliziyo. Kodwa, akuyona into engavamile kubantu abanokuhluleka kwenhliziyo ukuzwa ukukhwehlela okukhulu. Eqinisweni, ukukhwehlela kungase kube uphawu olubalulekile ukuthi ukwelashwa kwenhliziyo okunganele-noma ngisho nokuthi ukwelashwa kungase kubangele izinkinga.
Ukungaphumeleli Inhliziyo
Nakuba kuzwakala ukuthi kukhona okuphelele futhi kuyingozi-njengokwehluleka kwamandla- "ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo" akusho ukuthi inhliziyo iyayeka, lokho kuboshwa inhliziyo .
Kunalokho, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kusho ukuthi amandla okushaya amanzi aphelelwe amandla kangangokuthi inhliziyo ayikwazi njalo ukugcina zonke izidingo zomzimba.
Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kungabangela izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zenhliziyo, kuhlanganise ne- coronary artery disease (CAD) , isifo somfutho wegazi ophakeme , i- cardiomyopathy ye-hypertrophic , ukungasebenzi kwe-diastolic nesifo senhliziyo, phakathi kwamanye amaningana. Abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi ngonyaka ngamunye babhedlela ngenxa yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.
Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo bangabuthakathaka, ukukhathala, ukubekezelelana kokuzivocavoca okuncane, i- dyspnea engavamile (ukuphefumula) lapho ulala noma lapho ulele (uphawu olubizwa ngokuthi i- orthopnea ), i-edema (ukuvuvukala) emagumbini, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukukhwehlela.
Inkinga eyodwa evamile ngokuhluleka kwenhliziyo yilokho, ngenxa yekhono elingenakusebenza lokuphambanisa inhliziyo, igazi elibuyela enhliziyweni emaphashini livame ukubuyela emuva, likhiqize ukungqubuzana kwamapulmoni. Yingakho abantu abanesifo senhliziyo ngokuvamile kuthiwa banesifo " sokuhluleka kwenhliziyo ."
Ngenkimbinkimbi ye-pulmonary, i-fluid (ngisho negazi elincane) lingangena emagodini e- alveoli (amapayipi emoyeni) emaphaphu. Leli phunga lamanzi kagesi yilokho okuyiwona ophethe i-dyspnea evame ukuhlangenwe ngabantu abanesifo senhliziyo. Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhwehlela kuyindlela yomzimba yokususa imigwaqo ye-airway ne-bronchial, kunengqondo ukuthi ukukhwehlela kungabangelwa ukuxubana kwe-pulmonary.
I-Cough Cough
Ukwehla okubangelwa ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kungathatha izinhlobo eziningana. Ukukhwehlela okumanzi okukhiqiza i-frothy sputum engase ihlolwe i-pink ngegazi kuvamile ngokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Ukushisa okukhulu nokusebenza ngokuphefumula kungaphinde kuhambisane nezinhlamvu zokukhwehlela, kanye nomzwelo othukuthelayo esifubeni noma ngisho nokukhala komsindo kusuka emaphashini.
Izimpawu ezikhanga ukukhwehlela njengalezi zivame ukubonisa ukuthi ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo sekubi kakhulu, kanti ukukhwehlela okunjalo kuvame ukuhambisana nokuphazamiseka okujwayelekile kwezimpawu zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.
Lezi zimpawu kungenzeka zibandakanye i- dyspnea , i- orthopnea , i-edema, ngisho ne- paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (ukuvusa kusuka ebuthongweni phakathi kobusuku, ukugaya, nokukhwehlela). Abantu abanesimo esibi kakhulu sokukhwehlela komzimba ngokuvamile bayagula ngokwanele ukuze bafune usizo lwezokwelapha ngaphandle kokugqugquzela okuningi.
Ukukhwehlela komzimba kungathatha futhi ifomu elibi kakhulu. Abanye abantu abanokuhluleka kwenhliziyo bayoba nokukhwehlela okucasulayo, okungapheliyo, okungapheliyo okungaveza inani elimhlophe elimhlophe noma elibomvu. Abanye abanalolu hlobo olunzima kakhulu lokukhwehlela komzimba bangalubhala njengelinye ngenxa yezizathu ezithile futhi bangase bahluleke ukuthola usizo lwezokwelapha.
Uma bebambezeleka ukumbona udokotela, noma kunjalo, izimpawu zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo cishe ziyoba zimbi nakakhulu ngaphambi kwesikhathi eside kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, noma ubani oye watshelwe ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo akufanele nanini akhathazeke ukuqala kokukhwehlela, ngisho noma bewubheka njengobumnene.
Isikhukhula esihlobene nemithi
Okumangalisa ukuthi ukukhwehlela kuyisici esiyingozi evamile yeklasi lemithi evame ukushiwo ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo: i- angiotensin-yokuguqula i-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors . I-ACE inhibitors iyasiza ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo ngoba iyancipha imishanguzo, yenza kube lula ngenhliziyo ukupompa igazi.
Nokho, lezi zidakamizwa zikhiqiza ukukhwehlela cishe ngamaphesenti amane abantu abazithathayo. Ukukhwehlela okuhambisana ne-ACE inhibitors kuyinkinga evuthayo, eyomile yokukhwehlela engenayo i-sputum.
Ngenkathi kunemibiko ephakamisa ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezingekho ukubulala izidakamizwa (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) (NSAIDs) zingathuthukisa ukukhwehlela okubangelwa ama-inhibitors e-ACE, kuningi labantu abanenkinga, isidakamizwa kufanele sikhishwe. Ngokuvamile, i-ACE inhibitor ingashintshwa kwi- blocker ye-angiotensin II receptor (ARB) , enezinzuzo eziningi ezifanayo njenge-inhibitor ye-ACE, kodwa okudala ukukhwehlela kaningi.
Izwi elivela
Ukukhwehlela komzimba kuyisibonakaliso esibalulekile sokuthi ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kuyanda. Ezimweni eziningi, lesi sibonakaliso-kanye nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo ephuthumayo-kuzosabela ekulungiseni ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo . Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abantu abanokuhluleka kwenhliziyo akufanele baphinde bazinaki ukuqala kokukhwehlela.
> Imithombo:
> Ukuhluleka Inhliziyo Society of America, Lindenfeld J, Albert NM, et al. I-HFSA 2010 Inkinga Yokuhluleka Inhliziyo Ephelele Yokuqondisa Inhliziyo. I-J Card Yehluleka 2010; 16: e1.
> McMurray JJ, Adamopoulos S, Anker SD, et al. Izinkombandlela ze-ESC zokuHlola kanye nokwelashwa kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo ephuthumayo neyiguli 2012: I-Task Force for the Discover and Treatment of Insect Heart and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 ye-European Society of Cardiology. Kuthuthukiswe ngokubambisana ne-Heart Failure Association (HFA) ye-ESC. I-Eur Heart J 2012; 33: 1787.
> Yancy CW, Jessup M, et al. Umhlahlandlela we-ACCF / AHA we-Management of Heart Failure: Umbiko we-American College of Cardiology Foundation / American Heart Association Task Force on Guidelines Practice. Ukujikeleza 2013; 128: e240.