Funda ngezindawo ezikhona ze-Melanoma Metastasis
Uma wena noma ilunga lomndeni noma umngane usanda kuthiwa unesifo se-melanoma, ungase uzibuze, kuphi nokuthi kungani i-melanoma ingasakazeka?
Ngokuhlinzwa, i- melanoma iboshelwe esikhumbeni iselapheka ngamaphesenti angu-95 kuya kwangu-98 amacala. Ngeshwa, uma i-lesion recurs (ibuyele), ikhula kakhulu, noma isakazeka esikhumbeni kuya kwi- lymph nodes noma izitho ezikude, kuba yingozi kakhulu.
Lokhu kwenzeka esiteji se-III ne-IV se- melanoma futhi kuthiwa yi-melanoma metastasis.
Iyini i-Melanoma?
U-Melanoma, uhlobo olubi kakhulu lomdlavuza wesikhumba, lukhula emangqamuzaneni (melanocytes) akhiqiza i-melanin - i-pigment enika isikhumba sakho umbala. I-melanoma nayo ingaba emehlweni akho futhi, ngokungajwayelekile, ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi, ezifana namathumbu akho.
Isizathu esiqondile sawo wonke ama-melanomas asicacile, kodwa ukuvezwa kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet (UV) kusuka ekukhanyeni kwelanga noma izibani zomlilo kanye nemibhede kwandisa ingozi yakho yokudala i-melanoma. Ukunciphisa ukuvezwa kwakho emisebeni ye-UV kungasiza ukunciphisa ingozi ye-melanoma.
Ingozi ye-melanoma ibonakala iyanda kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-40, ikakhulukazi besifazane. Ukwazi izimpawu zokuxwayisa zomdlavuza wesikhumba kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinguquko zomdlavuza zitholakale futhi ziphathwa ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza usakaze. I-Melanoma ingelashwa ngempumelelo uma itholakele kusenesikhathi.
I-Metastasis Ithola Kanjani?
Uma udokotela wakho esolwa ukuthi i-melanoma yakho ingase isakazeke, kukhona amathuluzi amaningana atholakalayo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa .
Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe- lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), okwandisa lapho i-melanoma ihlangana, kanye nezifundo zokucabanga , njenge-chest x-ray, i-computed tomography (CT), i-imagery magnetic resonance (MRI), i- positron emission tomography (PET) ne-ultrasound . Udokotela angadinga futhi ukuthatha isampula ye- lymph nodes yakho, usebenzisa inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "i-sentinel lymph node mapping." Uma kuqinisekisiwe, kunezinhlobo eziningi zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo, kuhlanganise ne-chemotherapy, i- immunotherapy , ukwelashwa kwama-radiation kanye nokuhlinzwa.
Lapho i-Melanoma isakazeka khona
Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi i-melanoma ingasakazeka cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo yomzimba - izindawo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu kunezinye izifo zomdlavuza. Umkhuba wokuthi uzosakazeka kwilungu ngalinye kanje:
- Ama-Lymph Nodes: amaphesenti angu-70 kuya kwangu-75
- Ezinye izindawo zesikhumba, amafutha, nesisipha: amaphesenti angu-65 kuya kwangu-70
- Amapula kanye nendawo phakathi kwamapayipi: amaphesenti angu-70 kuya kuma-87
- Isibindi kanye ne-gallbladder: amaphesenti angu-54 kuya ku-77
- Ubuchopho: amaphesenti angu-36 kuya kwangu-54
- I-Bone: amaphesenti angama-23 kuya kwangu-49
- Ipheshana lesisu: Amaphesenti angu-26 kuya kwangu-58
- Inhliziyo: amaphesenti angu-40 kuya kwangu-45
- Amapancresa: amaphesenti ama-38 kuya ku-53
- Izithobezi ezingamaphesenti angu-36 kuya ku-54
- Izinso: amaphesenti angu-35 kuya kwangu-48
- Ipenethi: amaphesenti angu-30
- I-Thyroid: amaphesenti angu-25 kuya ku-39
I-Metastasis ebuchosheni ivame ukuvela sekwephuzile esigabeni sesine IV futhi ithwale isifo esibi kunazo zonke, ngokuphila okuphakathi kwezinyanga ezine kuphela.
I-Metastasis ingabe ivinjelwe?
I-Melanoma ingasakaza "ngokuthula," okusho ukuthi ungase ungaboni izimpawu zemetastasis. Ngakho-ke, uma uphethwe i -melanoma yesandulela-ngqangi esikhathini esidlule, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwesikhumba sakho namagciwane, ukuze ugcine wonke ama-aphoyintimenti akho ukuhlolwa, futhi usebenzise ukuphepha kwelanga . Ayikho enye into umuntu angayenza ukuvimbela imetastasis ngaphandle kokuzikhandla kakhulu.
Ukubamba ukuphindaphinda ngokushesha kunyuke kakhulu amathuba okuthola ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Uma i-melanoma isakazeka, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale unempilo: khumbula ukuthi nakuba ukubikezelwa kwesilinganiso okuphansi kungampofu, abanye abantu baphila esigabeni se-melanoma yesigaba.
Imithombo:
I-Mayo Clinic. I-Melanoma. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/melanoma/basics/definition/con-20026009
"I-Melanoma: Indlela Ebuyisela Ngayo, Lapho Isakazeka khona." I-American Academy of Dermatology.
I-King DM. "Ukufanekisa kwe-melanoma yamathambo." Ukuguqulwa komdlavuza ka-2006 6: 204-8.