IGeorge Washington ivikela izixuku zayo ngokumelene nesibhokotshi
Ukugonywa kungaba yisihloko esiyinkinga, kodwa iMelika kungenzeka ingalitholanga ukuzimela ngaphandle kwayo. Indaba kaGeorge Washington inoculating amabutho akhe ngokulwa nesibhokotshi ibonisa ukuthi kungani kubalulekile namuhla ukuthi abantu abanele bagonywe ukugcina izifo zisakazekile.
IGeorge Washington kanye nokugonywa kweBhokispox e-Valley Forge
Umlando Wemlando "I-America-Indaba Yethu" isiqephu esithi "Revolution" sitshela indlela isikhombazane esingashintsha ngayo imiphumela ye-Revolution yaseMelika.
Ngesikhathi sasebusika e-Valley Forge, uGeorge Washington wanquma ukuqala amasosha angenayo. Lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi kulondoloze amabutho okwanele ukuthi kwakunzima ukukwazi ukunqoba impi.
Esinye isici esimangalisa umqondo we-inoculation noma ukugoma okuqala emlandweni. Njengoba kuvela, ukugonywa kokuqala kwenzeka eMelika eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-50 ngaphambi kwalokho eBoston. Bahlelwe nguCotton Mather, owagoma izigqila ezimbili kanye nendodana yakhe eneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala ngokumelene ne-ingulube. Ngamunye wabo wayegula ngomoya ophansi, kodwa akekho owake wafa, futhi akekho omunye kulaba abathathu owake wehla ne-ingulube futhi.
Ngo-1776, ingxenye yesigodi samaSonto aseMelika ehamba nxazonke eQuebec yathola isikhuhlane sezindiza. Kuye kwahlelwa umyalo, futhi uJohn Adams wabizwa ngokuthi isibhokotshi njengesizathu Ngonyaka olandelayo, uGeorge Washington wabheka amasosha akhe amaningi efa ebusika e-Valley Forge. Wakhumbula umkakhe echaza ngalokho ayekufundile nge-inoculation.
Wala ama-medics akhe ukuba adale amanxeba amancane ezandleni zamasosha enempilo, bese egaxa amanye ama-pus esakhiweni esasungulwa amasosha anesifo samagciwane.
Le nqubo yaziwa ngokuthi i-variolation, enikeza umuntu uhlobo olubi lwe-ingulube. Ekugcineni, lokhu kwasindisa bonke kodwa amasosha angama-50 futhi ibutho lingakwazi ukulwa.
Uma ngabe kwenziwe ngonyaka odlule, izingxenye zeCanada kungenzeka zifakwe e-US futhi impi ingase izuzwe maduzane.
Umkhuhlane we-Herd uvikela izimpondo
Lesi yisibonelo sokuzivikela komzimba . Ukuphila okunempilo kubantu abaningi, amathuba amancane amanye amasosha ayegula. Ngokuvikela lonke iqembu, abavukeli beMelika banqoba inkululeko yabo. Ungacabanga nje ukuthi izwe lizoshintshwa kanjani uGeorge Washington engeke agcizelele amasosha akhe ukuba agonywe.
Ukugonywa Kuvikela Wonke Umuntu
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka ka-1700, umqondo we-inoculation noma wokugoma wawusanda futhi ungafundiwe. Abantu babesaba ukwelashwa ngoba bebengesi sifo.
Manje uye phambili ngokushesha kuze kube namuhla. Uma kuziwa ezinsongweni ze-viral, kubonakala sengathi akuningi okushintshile. Ukuvikelwa komuntu wonke (umhlambi) kuxhomeke kubantu abanele abazimisele ukugonywa futhi babe nezingane zabo zigonywe. Lokho kuvimbela lesi sifo ukuba singakwazi ukusabalalisa ngokushesha kusuka komuntu kuya komuntu, njengoba kuphula uketshezi lokutheleleka. Ngale ndlela, ukuzivikela komzimba kuvikela ngisho nalabo abenqaba ukugonywa, kodwa kuncike ekutheni bancane. Uma abantu abaningi benqabe, ukuvikeleka kokuzivikela komzimba kulahlekile.
Uma uzalwa ngaphambi kuka-1972, amathuba okuhle uye waqothulwa nge-ingulube. Hlola usizi nxazonke engxenyeni yakho engaphezulu, eduze kwehlombe lakho. I-World Health Organization yabika ukuthi isixuku sikhoxiswe ngo-1980 .
Namuhla, ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko ngesibungu sezinambuzane kungenzeka ukuthi isetshenziswe njengesikhali se-bioterrorism. Endabeni yokusongela, iziphathimandla zezempilo zomphakathi zizodinga ukugoma labo abasengozini. Amasheya ase-US anele umgomo wokugoma we-smallpox ukugoma wonke umuntu ezweni ngokuphuthumayo.
> Imithombo:
> Ibhotela. I-CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/smallpox/
> I-US Military kanye Nomlando Wokugoma. I-College of Physicians of Philadelphia. https://www.historyofvaccines.org/content/articles/us-military-and-vaccine-history.