Omunye kwabangu-4 abadala baseMelika unomfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophezulu), nakuba ingxenye yesithathu yabo engazi ukuthi kungani. Lezi zibalo zihlobene uma ucabanga ukuthi ukucindezeleka kwegazi kulula ukuyihlolisisa uphinde uphathe, futhi ikakhulukazi eshaqisayo ngoba umfutho wegazi ophakeme ungenye yezimbangela zokufa e-United States.
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ngamanga ukuthi abantu basengozini enkulu yezifo zenhliziyo, kodwa ngesikhathi sokushicilela, abesifazane abaningi kunamadoda bafa ngezifo zenhliziyo kusukela ngonyaka ka-1984.
Ukungaziphathi kahle kwegazi kungabangela ukulimala kwezinso, futhi kuphakamisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi , nezinye izifo zenhliziyo. Isizathu samacala angu-3 kwabangu-5 okuhluleka kwenhliziyo kwabesifazane ingcindezi ephakeme yegazi.
Isifo senhliziyo saseCoronary singumbulali oyedwa wabesifazane baseMelika, okuthiwa abangaphezu kuka-500 000 impilo yabesifazane ngonyaka ngamunye. Ukutholakala kokuqala kanye nokwelashwa kwengcindezi ephezulu yegazi kungavimbela eziningi zalezi zifo.
Ubani engozini
Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ungenzeka kunoma ubani kunoma yikuphi ubudala. Ngokuvamile kunzima ukukhomba imbangela yokucindezeleka kwegazi ngoba izici eziningana nezimo ngokuvamile zidlala indima ekuthuthukisweni kwayo.
Ukuncintisana kanye nendawo yezwe kubonakala ngokuphawulekayo kwezinye izimo. Abesifazane base-Afrika nabamaMelika abahlala eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-United States banamathuba amaningi okuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kunelabo abahlala kwenye indawo. Ngokuvamile, abase-Afrika-baseMelika banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi esikhathini esingaphansi nangaphezulu kakhulu kunabamhlophe.
Noma kunjalo, lokhu akusho ukuthi abantu abamhlophe kufanele bacabangele ukucindezeleka kwegazi isifo se-African-American. Eqinisweni, kusho izikhulu ezingu-11 (i-Alabama, i-Arkansas, i-Georgia, i-Indiana, iKentucky, eLouisana, i-Mississippi, eNorth Carolina, eNingizimu Carolina, eTennessee naseVirginia) eningizimu-mpumalanga eyaziwa ngokuthi yi "Stroke Belt States" ehlangene nabesilisa nabesifazane bazo zonke izinhlanga.
Ezinye izinto ezibangela ukucindezela kwegazi eziphakeme zihlanganisa ukubhema, ukungabi nomsebenzi wokuzivocavoca, ukwedlula ngokweqile, ukudla okuphezulu kwe-sodium, i- cholesterol ephezulu , ukudliwa ngokweqile kweziphuzo ezidakayo, kanye nokudla. Iziguli zesifo sikashukela nazo zisengozini enkulu yokucindezeleka kwegazi nezinye izifo zenhliziyo.
Abesifazane abasebenzisa izisu zokubeletha ngomlomo kufanele bahlolwe ngokucophelela, nakuba ingozi yokubeletha ngomlomo ingaphansi kakhulu kunalokho ngaphambili ngoba inani le-estrogen ne-progestin emiphilisi yanamuhla lingaphansi kakhulu. Abesifazane abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu ababhema futhi basebenzise izisu zokubeletha ngomlomo babhekana nengozi engaphezu kuka-10 kuya kwangu-15 engozini enkulu yokushaywa yisisu.
Ngemuva kokumisa esikhathini , ingozi yowesifazane yokucindezeleka kwegazi nezinye izifo zenhliziyo ikhula kakhulu; ingozi ikhula ngokuphawulekayo kwabesifazane emva kwe-hysterectomy , mhlawumbe ngoba isibeletho sikhiqiza amakhemikhali asiza ukulawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi.
Ukwenyuka kwengozi yesifo senhliziyo kwabesifazane emva kokuya esikhathini sokucatshangelwa kucatshangwa ukuthi kwenzeka ngenxa yokwehla kwamazinga e-estrogen. Kwabe sekukholelwa iminyaka ukuthi i- estrogen replacement therapy (i-hormone substitution therapy, noma i-HRT) inikeze umphumela wokuvivinya nesifo senhliziyo kwabesifazane uma kuthathwa njalo.
Kodwa-ke, ulwazi olutholakala ku-Women's Health Initiative ngo-Ephreli 2000 lwathola ukuthi i-estrogen yandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo.
Ngokusho kwephepha le-Women's Health Initiative:
" Akekho isifundo esiye sabonisa ukuthi i-HRT izokwehlisa ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo. Ucwaningo oluthile luye lwaqhutshwa ngomphumela we-HRT nesifo senhliziyo esiye sabonisa ukuthi i-HRT yehlisa isifo senhliziyo yesimo sezinkinga zezinhliziyo ezifana namazinga e-LDL. izifundo eziningi zokuhlola lapho abesifazane ngokwabo, noma odokotela babo, bakhetha i-HRT futhi balandelwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izifundo ezinjalo azizithembeki. Babengalawulwa ngokwanele ukunikeza izimpendulo ezicacile. "
Njengabasebenzisi bokubeletha ngomlomo, abesifazane ababhema futhi basebenzise i-estrogen bangandisa ukwanda kwabo engozini yesifo senhliziyo.
Izimpawu
Nakuba ezinye iziguli zingase zibhekane nokukhanda ikhanda, isizungu, noma umbono obonakele, izikhathi eziningi azikho izimpawu ezikhona. Kungenzeka ukuthi awukwazi ngokuphelele ukuthi une-high blood pressure kuze kube yinto eyenzekayo edinga ukwelashwa. Abesifazane abathola ukungabi nesifiso socansi kumele babe nokuhlolwa kwengcindezi yegazi ngoba abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ukucindezelwa kwegazi okuphezulu kungabangela i-libido ephansi kwabanye besifazane.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo kufanele kube yingxenye yokuhlolwa kwesimo somuntu wonke. Ukuzikhandla kwemishini yokuqapha kwegazi kuyatholakala kuma-pharmacy amaningi, futhi izibhedlela eziningi nemitholampilo zizokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngaphandle kokucela.
Ukucindezelwa kwegazi kwenza izinombolo ezimbili. Inombolo ephezulu yi-pressure systolic -ingcindezi yegazi ezitsheni njengoba inhliziyo ishaya. Inombolo ephansi ingcindezi ye- diastolic -ingcindezi yegazi phakathi kwezinhliziyo. Ukucindezelwa kwegazi kubhekwa phezulu uma ingcindezi ye-systolic ingu-140 noma ngenhla futhi / noma uma ukucindezeleka kwe-diastolic kungu-90 noma ngenhla.
Ukwelapha
Izindaba ezinhle mayelana nokucindezelwa kwegazi eliphezulu ukuthi zilawulwa kalula. Uma ukucindezeleka kwegazi kuphakeme, udokotela wakho uzoqaphela ukuthi imithi yokunciphisa ingcindezi yegazi iyadingeka yini. Angakhetha ukuthi wenze izinguquko endleleni yakho yokuphila ngaphambi noma ngenkathi ukwelashwa ngemithi.
Izinguquko zokuphila zodwa zivame ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi futhi zingabandakanya:
- Ukulahlekelwa isisindo, uma kunesidingo
- Ukulandela ukudla okunempilo okunempilo
- Ukuhlanganyela emsebenzini ovamile-imizuzu engu-30 yokuhamba noma enye imisebenzi ye-aerobic ngosuku
- Ukukhawulela inani le-sodium ekudleni kwakho
- Ukunciphisa iziphuzo ezidakayo
- Ukuyeka ukubhema
Izinhlobo eziningana zemithi zitholakalayo zokwelapha umfutho wegazi ophezulu. Ukwelashwa kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ngokuhambisana nemithi yokwelashwa. Eminye imithi evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuphatha umfutho wegazi ophezulu ihlanganisa:
- I-Diuretics
- Beta-blockers
- I-ACE (i-angiotensin-efaka i-enzyme) inhibitors
- Abavimbela isiteshi se-Calcium
- Abalandeli be-Alpha-beta
Lezi zidakamizwa zingasetshenziswa zodwa noma zihlangene, kuye ngokuthi yini udokotela wakho anquma ukuthi kungcono kakhulu ngesimo sakho. Uma udokotela wakho eyala imithi, kubalulekile ukuthi uthathe imithi ngendlela enqunyiwe futhi ungayeki ngaphandle komyalelo wakhe. Ngokungazelelwe ukuyeka imishanguzo yegazi kungabangela ukucindezeleka kwegazi ukuba kukhule ngokushesha.
Uma uthola ukuthi une-high blood pressure, kubalulekile ukuthi ulandele izincomo zodokotela wakho encwadini. Ukulandela i-oda lomdokotela wakho kuzosiza ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi kanye nengozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo. Xoxa nganoma yimiphi imibuzo onayo nodokotela wakho-kubalulekile ukuba uqonde uhlelo lwakho lwezokwelapha kanye nokuhlomula kwalo okuzokwenza impilo yakho nempilo yakho.
> Umthombo:
> Ukucindezeleka Kwegazi Eliphezulu. Healthywomen.org.