Inhlanganisela Efakazela Ukuhlolwa KweDokotela
Ukukhanda ikhanda kuvamile futhi ngokuvamile akukhathazi lutho. Kodwa uma une-fever, ngaphezu kwekhanda, sicela ubheke umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele. Ukuhlanganiswa komkhuhlane kanye nekhanda kungase kube uphawu lokutheleleka okukhulu.
Ikhanda kanye nomkhuhlane kungase kube uphawu lwesifo esitholakala endaweni yakho ebuchosheni bakho kanye / noma intambo yomgogodla, okwenza isistimu yakho ye-central central.
Izibonelo ezicacile zokutheleleka kwesimiso sezinzwa zomphakathi zibandakanya i-meningitis, i-encephalitis, noma i-abscess yobuchopho.
Ukutheleleka komzimba noma okuphelele, okunjengomkhuhlane noma izimpawu zokuqala ze-HIV, kungase kubangele ukuphathwa ikhanda kanye nomkhuhlane, njengoba kungase kube nezimo ezivame ukufana negazi noma isisu ebuchosheni.
Lokhu kusho konke, ngezinye izikhathi ikhanda kanye nomkhuhlane ziwuphawu lwe-run-of-the-mill ukutheleleka kwesandulela ngculazi okudingeka ukuthi isebenze inkambo yayo.
Lapha sizohlola zonke izimbangela ezithathelwanayo nezingezona ezithathelwanayo zekhanda nomkhuhlane.
Njengengxenye, kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi ngenkathi ulwazi lungaba namandla, kungaba lukhuni futhi lubuqili okwehlukanisa ukuthi yini engathà sina nokuthi yini engekho-ngakho qiniseka ukuthi uthola ikhanda lakho kanye nomkhuhlane uhlolwe udokotela.
Izifo ezithathelwanayo zoHlaka kanye neFaver
I-Meningitis
Ngaphezu kwesifo esibuhlungu, esibelethweni esijwayelekile kanye nomkhuhlane ophezulu, izimpawu ze-meningitis zingabandakanya ukuqina kwentamo, ukunxanxathela, ukuhlanza, ukudideka, ukuqhuma, kanye / noma ukuzwela ukukhanya.
Uma kuthiwa, umuntu ngokuvamile ngeke abe nazo zonke lezi zimpawu, futhi yingakho ukuhlolwa kukadokotela kuqakathekile.
Esikhathini esiningi sabantu abane-meningitis, ukuqina kwe-nuchal kuyoba khona. Ukuqina kwe-Nuchal kusho ukuthi umuntu akakwazi ukushintsha intamo yabo (ngakho akakwazi ukuthinta isifuba sabo esifubeni sabo).
Ezinye izimpawu ezingase zibe khona ze-meningitis zihlanganisa ukuqhuma, izinhlungu ezihlangene, ukuhlukunyezwa, noma ezinye izinkinga ezingasebenzi.
Ukuze wenze ukuxilongwa, umuntu onomsoti obesolwayo uzothola ukukhishwa kwe-lumbar , eyaziwa nangokuthi umgogodla wesipelingi. Ngesikhathi sokuqedwa kwe-lumbar, i- cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ihlaziywa ukuze inqume ukuthi ukutheleleka kukhona nokuthi uma kunjalo, yiluphi uhlobo lokutheleleka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu one-meningitis okusolakala ukuthi uzophinde afunde izifundo ze-laboratory, kuhlanganise namasiko egazi kanye nesibalo segazi elimhlophe (amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe amangqamuzana elwa namagciwane emzimbeni).
Encephalitis
I-encephalitis isifo sohlelo lwezinzwa oluyinhloko olungahle lubangelwe igciwane, amabhaktheriya noma i-fungus. I-encephalitis ifana ne-meningitis, kodwa umehluko omkhulu ukuthi i-encephalitis ibangela abantu ukuba babe nokusebenza okungavamile kokusebenza kobuchopho.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu uyoba nesimo sengqondo esingakhubazekile noma abe nezinkinga zokunyakaza noma izinzwa, ngisho nokukhubazeka (kuyilapho lokhu kungenjalo akulona iqiniso kumesignitis). Ngenxa yokuthi kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa lezi zikhathi, odokotela ngezinye izikhathi basebenzisa igama elithi "meningoencephalitis."
Absin Brain
I-abscess yobuchopho yisimo esingavamile, kodwa esingase sisongela impilo, lapho i-fluid egciniwe iqoqa khona ebuchosheni.
Izimpawu zosizi lobuchopho zingafana ne-meningitis noma i-encephalitis futhi zibandakanya: umkhuhlane, ikhanda, ukuqina kwentamo, ukungasebenzi komzimba, nokudideka. Ikhanda elivela ebuchosheni bobuchopho kanye nokudideka kubangelwa ukucindezela okuphezulu okuqhamuka ukuthi iqoqo le-fluid elithathelwanayo libangela ebuchosheni, njengoba liqhubeka likhula futhi lithatha isikhala.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-abscess ebuchosheni kuqinisekiswa nge- CT scan of the brain, okuyinto ngokwezikhombisa ikhombisa lesi isivivinyo ring-enhancing. Iziguli zelashwa ngama-antibiotic anikezwa nge-vein futhi ngezinye izikhathi amanzi okugeleza we-abscess. Ukwesula ukutheleleka kubhalwe phansi, ngokuvamile nge-CT scans, futhi kungathatha amasonto izinyanga.
Isifo soSinus
Inhlobonhlobo yesifo nesifo somkhuhlane, ngaphezu kwezinye izibonakaliso ezihlukahlukene, njengobumnene obusweni noma ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu bezinzwa, ubuhlungu bezinyo, nokukhishwa kwamanzini okugqinsi kungabonisa ukutheleleka kwesifo se-bacteria. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi uma une-bacteria sinusitis, ngesonto noma ngaphezulu kwama-antibiotic, ukuphumula, uketshezi, kanye nesithamela kufanele kususe ngokushesha.
Izifo ezingavamile kakhulu ze-sinus ziholela kwezinye izinkinga ezifana ne-abscess yobuchopho, i-meningitis, i-clot yegazi, noma i-osteomyelitis-ukutheleleka kwamathambo ebuso (ikakhulukazi ebunzini). Uma uthola ukuthi unesifo se-sinus, qiniseka ukuthi ulandela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma ngabe umkhuhlane wakho uqhubeka ngenkathi uthatha ama-antibiotics.
Ukutheleleka Komzimba Wonke
Ukutheleleka komzimba noma okuphelele, okufana nomkhuhlane , owaziwa ngokuthi "umkhuhlane," noma i- mononucleosis esithathelwanayo , ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi "izifo zokubanga," noma i-mono, ingabangela ukushisa nokukhwabanisa, njengoba nezinye izifo ezithinta izifo ezinjalo zingase zibe I-HIV noma i-AIDS.
Ngokuvamile, kunezinye izinkomba ezisiza odokotela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kwesistimu. Isibonelo, uma unesifo sofuba, ngokuvamile uzoba nama-body aches kanye nokukhwehlela, ngaphezu kwekhanda nomkhuhlane. Uma une-mono, uzoba nomphimbo obuhlungu futhi uhlolwe kahle ekuhlolweni kwe- monospot , ukuhlolwa okusheshayo okusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-mononucleosis esithathelwanayo.
Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ezinye izimpawu ngaphandle komkhuhlane zingase zenzeke ngokutheleleka kwesistimu, njengokulahlekelwa kwesisindo, ukukhukhumeza ebusuku, kanye / noma ukukhathala okujwayelekile noma ukukhathala.
Izimbangela ezingezona ezithathelwanayo zezinyosi nomkhuhlane
Ngaphandle kwezifo, ezinye izifo zingabangela ukuphathwa ikhanda kanye nomkhuhlane futhi kuthinte umzimba wonke. Lezi zihlanganisa izifo eziningi ze- rheumatic like:
Kukhona futhi okungajwayelekile, kodwa izimbangela ezimbi kakhulu zekhanda kanye nomkhuhlane njenge- hemorrhage engaphansi kwe-subarachnoid , i- pituitary apoplexy , noma isisu sobuchopho .
Isibonelo, ukubola kwesisu (okubangelwa ukuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni) kungabangela ukukhanda kwekhanda-isifo esibuhlungu, esibuhlungu "njengomsindo wokuduma." Ngokuvamile, ikhanda lokushisa komzimba ngokungazelelwe, ngokuzumayo, elilodwa, futhi elihambisana nesicanucanu, ukuhlanza, izinguquko zesimo sengqondo, nokuqina kwentamo. Ngezinye izikhathi umkhuhlane ungaba khona.
Yiqiniso, kunezimo zezokwelapha ezilingisa ikhanda lokukhwehlela. Lokho kusho, umhlinzeki wezempilo kuphela ongenza lokhu kuzimisela ngemuva kokukuhlola futhi ukuyala ukucabangela ubuchopho obudingekayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhanda lomsindo lingabonisa isimo esibucayi esibangela impilo, ngakho-ke thola usizo ngokushesha ngokubiza 911 noma ukuya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo eliseduze nawe.
Izwi elivela
Nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi unesifo esincane futhi udinga uketshezi kanye nomuthi wokunciphisa umkhuhlane wekhanda lakho nomkhuhlane, kubalulekile ukuthi uphephe futhi uhlolwe udokotela. I-fever ne-headache ingaba inhlanganisela engathà sina, ngakho-ke yenza iphutha eceleni kokuqapha bese uyihlola.
> Imithombo:
Chow AW et al. (Mashi 2012). I-IDSA Isiqondiso Sokuziphatha Ngokwemitholampilo ye-Acterial Rhinosinusitis Eyabantwana Nezingane Ezinkulu.
> Bahwa ZH & Wooton RJ. (Disemba 2016). Ukuhlolwa kwekhanda kubantu abadala. Ku: UpToDate, BSwanson JW (ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA.
> Hainer BL, iMatheson EM. Indlela yokuya ekhanda eliyingozi kubantu abadala. Am Fam Physician . 2013 Meyi 15; 87 (10): 682-87.
> UJohnson RP & Gluckman SJ. I-encephalitis yama-viral kubantu abadala. Ku: UpToDate, Basow DS (ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA.
> Karaman E, Hacizade Y, Isildak H, isifo sokukhukhumeza sikaKaytaz A. Pott. J Carniofac Surg. 2008 Nov; 19 (6): 1694-7.