Funda Uma Usengozini
Izimpawu ze-COPD zingahamba zingakaqapheli iminyaka, yingakho ukuqonda izici zengozi zeCOPD zibaluleke kakhulu. I-COPD iyimbangela yesithathu yokufa e-United States, kodwa ukuqaphela kuqala izimpawu kungaholela ekuxilongweni kanye nokwelashwa kwangaphambili. Ukuqaphela lezi zinto ezilandelayo ezingozini zeCOPD kungakwandisa ukuqwashisa kwakho futhi kuholele ukubuza imibuzo yakho.
Ukubhema
Ukubhema kuwukude, isici esivame kakhulu seCOPD. Nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu othola i-COPD ukubhema, amaphesenti angama-80 kuya kwangu-90 kubo bonke abantu abatholakalisiwe ukuthi bangamanje wabangabokuqala ukubhema.
Inombolo kagwayi owubhema nsuku zonke kanye nobude besikhathi owubhemayo nendima ebalulekile ekuxilongweni kweCOPD. Ukubhema ugwayi akuyona into kuphela ebeka engozini ye-COPD: Ukubhema kombhobho kanye nogwayi, ukuchayeka kwesikhashana kumusi wesimanga nokubhema inambuzane nogwayi ndawonye konke kwandisa ingozi yakho.
Isenzo esisodwa esisebenzayo kakhulu ongasithatha uma usumuntu oshayayo manje ukuyeka. Eqinisweni, ezimweni eziningi, ukuyeka ukubhema kungavimbela ukuphuka komsebenzi wamaphaphu okuhambisana neCOPD.
Uma ungumuntu obhemayo ongakatholakali ukuthi unesifo, ukuyeka ukuvimbela noma ukulibazise ukuthuthukiswa kokunciphisa umoya, enye yezimfanelo eziyinhloko ze-COPD.
Kungabuye kwandise amathuba akho okusinda.
Uma wenze isinqumo sokuyeka, uzodinga ukusekelwa okuthile. Hlola umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuqeda ukubhema kanye nalolu hlu lwezinsiza zokuyeka ukubhema ngaphambi kokuba uqhube.
Imvelo
Esinye isici esibalulekile sengozini ye-COPD yindawo osebenzela ngayo futhi uhlala kuyo.
E-United States yodwa, ukutholakala komsebenzi othulini uthuli nemifucumfucu kuboniswa ngamaphesenti angama-19 e-COPD kulabo ababhemayo, futhi amaphesenti angama-31 e-COPD angabonisi.
Ukuvezwa kokuqongeleka kokungcoliswa komoya ngaphakathi nangaphandle kuyadingeka, ngezinga elithile, ukuxilongwa kwe-COPD. Ukuvezwa kwamafutha okushisa ngesikhathi sokupheka, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane, kubaluleke kakhulu. Qaphela lokho okuvezwa khona emsebenzini nasemakhaya, futhi uthathe izinyathelo, njengokuqapha ikhwalithi yomoya lapho usekhaya futhi ugqoke izimoto zokuzivikela uma usebenza endaweni yokusebenza enobungozi.
I-Genetics
Ngokuphindaphindiwe, izakhi zofuzo zibonakala njengendima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni i-COPD. Lobuhlobo buvame kakhulu kubonakala kunesifo esibi kakhulu, ukuhlukumeza ngokofuzo kwe- alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), iphrotheni evikelayo eyenziwa isibindi. Abantu abanesifo se- AAT basengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa i- emphysema . Ukubhema kuyandisa kakhulu ingozi. Ukuntuleka kwe-AAT kuvame kakhulu kubantu baseNyakatho Yurophu abahloniphekile. Uma unesifo se-AAT, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungalokothi uqale ukubhema noma ushiye ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
I-asthma
I-asthma ingaba yingozi ebalulekile yeCOPD, noma kunjalo, uphenyo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe lobu buhlobo.
Abacwaningi baye babheka ubuhlobo phakathi kwe-asthma ne-COPD, bethola ukuthi abantu abadala abane-asthma banezikhathi ezingaphezu kwezikhathi ezingu 12 eziphakeme zokuthuthukisa i-COPD ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunelabo abangenayo i-asthma (ngemuva kokulungisa ukubhema.) Olunye ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi amaphesenti angu-20 weziguli nge-asthma zakhiwe izimpawu zomsebenzi zeCOPD. Phatha i-asthma yakho ukuze uzivikele ekuthuthukiseni i-COPD, futhi ukhulume nodokotela wakho mayelana nezingozi zakho.
Izifo Zengane Zengane
Izifo ezincane zegciwane lesandulela ngculaza kanye ne-bacterial lungase zihlotshaniswe nomsebenzi wamaphaphu wehlile futhi zanda izimpawu zokuphefumula lapho sezikhulile, ezingase zibe negalelo ekuthuthukiseni i-COPD.
Ukuzalwa okuphansi okucatshangelwayo kucatshangwa ukuthi kukwandise ukutholakala kokutheleleka kwamapayipi, okungase kube nokuhlobene ne-COPD.
Ukucindezeleka Oxidative
Uma ibhalansi phakathi kwama- oxidants kanye nama- antioxidants emzimbeni wakho ishintshela ekuqondeni kwama-oxidants, ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative kungenzeka. Ukucindezeleka oxidative ku-COPD kuhlobene nokubhema futhi kubangele ukuvuvukala kwemimoya yomoya kanye nokubhujiswa kwe-alveoli, amasaka emaphashini asiza ukuhambisa i-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide phakathi kwegazi namaphaphu.
Izingozi eziNcane eziNgcono zeCOPD
Kunezinye izici eziningana ezingabangela ingozi ye-COPD, engacaciswanga kakhulu, kodwa, okumele ikhulume:
- Umsebenzi ophuthumayo owenziwe wamaphaphu wehlisiwe : Ubangelwe yizinqubo ngesikhathi sokubeletha, ukuzalwa noma ukuntana
- Ubulili: Kusukela ngonyaka ka-2000, i-COPD ithinta abesifazane abaningi kunamadoda, okuphakamisa ukuthi abesifazane bangabhekana nemiphumela emibi yentuthu kagwayi kunamadoda.
- Isimo sezenhlalo: Kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-COPD kuhlobene nesimo sezenhlalakahle. Ukunciphisa isimo sezomnotho, kuphakamisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-COPD.
- Ukudla okunempilo: Ukungondleki nokunciphisa umzimba kunganciphisa amandla okuphefumula nokukhuthazela. Ukuhlangana phakathi kwendlala nokuthuthukiswa kwe-emphysema kuye kwaphakanyiswa ekuhlolweni kokuhlola kwezilwane.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-COPD kungenziwa kuphela ngumhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwempilo, kodwa ungahlola ingozi yakho ngesifo ngokusebenzisa i- COPD Ithuluzi Yokuzihlola . Uma usuphendule le mibuzo kuthebhu yokuzihlola, phrinta ifomu bese uyisa kumhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze uhlaziye ngokuqhubekayo izimpawu zakho.
Imithombo:
USilva GE, uSherrill DL, Guerra S, uBarbee RA. I-asthma iyinkinga engozini yeCOPD esifundweni se-longitudinal. Isifuba. 2004 Jul; 126 (1): 59-65.
I-Global Initiative Yokuvimbela Izifo Zengculaza. Isu Lomhlaba Wonke Lokuthola Ukuxilongwa, Ukuphathwa Nokuvimbela I-COPD. Kubuyekezwe ngo-2010.