Izimpawu zeBronchiectasis

Izimpawu Eziningi Kakhulu Nezibonakaliso Ze-Bronchiectasis

Ziyini izimpawu ezivamile futhi ezingavamile ze-bronchiectasis?

Iyini i-Brochiectasis?

I-Bronchiectasis yindlela ye-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) ephawulwe ngokungajwayelekile okungavamile kwemimoya yomoya (i -bronchi ne -bronchioles ) yamaphaphu. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukutheleleka okungapheli ebuntwaneni, nokho, kanti eziningi zalezi zifo manje zivinjelwe ngokugonywa, isifo se-bronchiectasis sanda.

Lapho izindiza zomoya zikhulayo, amafomu engeziwe ama-mucus kuwo kanye namachibi ezindaweni ezikhulisiwe, okuholela ekutheleleni. Ukuvinjelwa kwe-Airway kwenzeka nangenxa yokulimala kwe-cilia, izinwele ezincane ezivikelwe ezibhekene nokuvunyelwa kwezindiza. Lokhu kubangela umjikelezo wokuvuvukala okuphindaphindiwe, ukutheleleka kanye nokuvinjelwa kwe-air character of bronchiectasis.

Ngokuvame ukukhula kancane kancane, izimpawu ze-bronchiectasis zingase zingabonakali izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka emva komcimbi noma izenzakalo ezandulela kuqala. Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-bronciectasis zingafaka:

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Isikhukhula Esingapheli Ngama-Large Amounts Amanxeba Agqamile, Ahlambalaza

Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo (elilodwa elihlala isikhathi eside kunamasonto ayisishiyagalombili, futhi kwezinye izimo likhona iminyaka eminingi) kuvamile. Kunezimbangela eziningi ezingabangela ukukhwehlela okungapheli , kanti abantu abathintekayo abane-bronchiectasis bavame ukuqala "ukungaboni kahle" ngezinye zezimbangela.

Ukukhwehlela kwenzeka nsuku zonke, futhi kuvame ukuhambisana nama-copuous amount of sputum obukhulu. I-sputum (noma i-phlegm) iqukethe amangqamuzana afile nezinye izinto ezifihliwe ngamaseli ezindizeni zomoya, futhi zihlukile ematheni, efihliwe emlonyeni nasemoyeni. Nakuba ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-sputum kuyimpawu ye-bronchiectasis , kungase kwenzeke ne- bronchitis engapheli , ukubhema, noma ukuchayeka kokungcola kwemvelo.

Uma kukhona ukutheleleka, i-mucus ivame ukukhishwa, iphunga futhi ingaba negazi.

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I-Hemoptysis

Abantu abane-bronchiectasis ngezinye izikhathi bangase bakhonze inani elincane legazi. Leli gama libhekwa njenge-hemoptysis. I-Hemoptysis (noma ukukhwehlela igazi ) kufanele, ngokuyinhloko, ekukhunjweni kwemithambo encane yegazi eduze ne-tubing bronchial. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuphuma kuncane, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kudinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo. Uma i-hemoptysis iyenzeka, ngokuvamile ibonisa ukutheleleka okwengeziwe.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho noma ngabe ukhwehlela inani elincane kakhulu legazi. Ukuphuza ngisho ne-isipuni noma amabili wegazi kuthathwa njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.

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Dyspnea

I-Dyspnea, noma ukuphefumula , kuyisinye isibonakaliso esivamile se-bronchiectasis esenzeka ngenxa yokuvinjelwa kwe-airways ne-mucus.

Ngokuvamile, i-dyspnea ibuhlungu kakhulu ngokuzikhandla noma ukuzivocavoca, okungenani ekuqaleni kwesifo. Njengoba isimo siqhubeka, ukuphefumula kungase kwenzeke ngisho nokuphumula.

Ekuqaleni, i-dyspnea ingaba yinkinga, futhi abantu abaningi bakholelwa kuqala ukuthi bavele bengazimele noma bazuze amakhilogremu ambalwa.

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Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo

Ukulahleka kwesisindo okungenalutho kungahle kwenziwe nge-bronchiectasis ngenxa yesidingo esenziwe nge-caloric esenziwe ngumzimba ngenxa yesikhathi eside, ukukhwehlela ngokweqile. Kukhona nezinye izimbangela zokulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingachazi kahle, kodwa lesi sigama kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sikhulume nodokotela wakho.

Uma uhlala ne-bronchiectasis, funda kabanzi mayelana nokudla kanye ne-COPD.

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Ukukhathala

Ukukhathala kungumzwelo jikelele wokukhathala noma ukungabi namandla. Kuyinto uhlobo lokukhathala okungenakunqotshwa kalula ngobusuku obuhle bokulala noma indebe yekhofi.

Endabeni ye-bronchiectasis, esinye sezimbangela zokukhathala kungenzeka kube ukuntuleka kokulala okubangelwa ukukhwehlela ngokweqile kwesikhathi eside. Ngezinye izikhathi, imiphumela emibi yezokwelapha ingalingisa ukukhathala futhi ijwayelekile ngama-antihistamine, imishanguzo yegazi, amaphilisi okulala, ama-steroids, noma ama-diuretics.

Hlola lezi zeluleko zokulwa nokukhathala ngenxa ye-COPD .

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Ubuthakathaka Okujwayelekile

Ubuthakathaka uphawu oluvamile lwezifo eziningi ezingapheli. Ubuthakathaka obubangelwa i-bronchiectasis buyisisekelo esijwayelekile, okusho ukuthi kuthinta wonke umzimba, ngokungafani nobuthakathaka bendawo, obuchaphazela kuphela isilwane esithile, iqembu lesisundu, noma olunye uhlangothi lomzimba.

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Clubbing of the iminwe

I-Clubbing yezipikili ingabonakaliswa ukulahlwa kwe-oksijeni yesikhathi eside futhi kungenzeka, noma ingabonakali, ibonakale ku-bronchiectasis. I-Clubbing ingenzeka ngezifo zamaphaphu ezifana ne- idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ne-COPD, kodwa ingabonakala ngezinye izimo ezivela ezifweni zokugaya, isifo se-Grave (uhlobo lwe-hyperthyroidism) kumdlavuza njengesifo se-Hodgkin, futhi sisendaweni yesithathu yabantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu . Kubuye kwenzeke ngokuvamile emaphesenti athile wabantu njengezici ezizuzwe njengefa.

I-Clubbing iqala ukuzibonakalisa njenge-sponginess yombhede we-nail kanye nokulahlekelwa kwe-angle ye-nail-bed, okwenza umbhede we-nail ugobe phansi efana nesipuni esiphezulu.

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Ukushisa

Ngokuvamile okuchazwe njengomsindo wekhanda ozwakala ngesikhathi sokuphuza noma ukuphuma umoya, ukuvuthwa kubangelwa ukugxila noma ukuvinjelwa kwemimoya yomoya. Ngokuvamile, ukushaya ngekhanda kungakhula kakhulu kubantu abane-bronchiectasis ongayizwa ngaphandle kosizo lwe-stethoscope.

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Izifo ezithinta izilonda

Izifo zokuphefumula zivame ku-bronchiectasis njengengxenye yombuthano ovuthiwe. Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe kungaholela ku-bronchiectasis, kodwa i-bronchiectasis iphinde ilungiselele umuntu ukutheleleka kwesifo samaphaphu.

Izifo ezivamile kubantu abane-bronchiectasis zifaka ukutheleleka kwe-bacterial (njenge-staphyloccus,) ukutheleleka kwe-fungal (njenge-aspergillosis,) ukutheleleka kwe-mycobacterial (njengesifo sofuba ,) noma ukutheleleka ngegciwane (njenge-influenza). Uma izifo zamaphaphu ziphathwa ngokushesha, i-bronchiectasis ayinakwenzeka kakhulu.

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Ubuhlungu obuphefumulayo

Ubuhlungu ngokuphefumula noma ngokuphefumula okujulile, okubizwa nangokuthi "ubuhlungu besifuba se-pleuritic," buba cishe engxenyeni yabantu abane-bronchiectasis. Ubuhlungu besifuba se-Pleuritic noma i-pleurisy kungenzeka ngenxa yesimo ngokwaso, noma ngenxa yezinkinga ezifana ne-pneumonia noma ngisho nama-blood clots.

_Imithombo:

_{Kasper, uDennis L .., u-Anthony S. Fauci, noStephen L .. Hauser. Izimiso zikaHarrison zeMithi yangaphakathi. ENew York: imfundo kaMc Graw Hill, 2015. Print.}

_{U-Suarez-Cuartin, uG., Chalmers, J., no-O. Sibilia. Izinselele zokuxilonga ze-Bronchiectasis. Imithi yokuphefumula . 2016. 116: 70-7.}