Isifo se-Kawasaki (KD), esibizwa nangokuthi i-lymph node syndrome, isifo esivuvukalayo esinesizathu esingaziwayo, ngokuvamile esithinta izinsana nezingane. Isifo se-Kawasaki yisifo esizimele, esihlala cishe izinsuku ezingu-12. Ngeshwa Nokho, izingane ezinezifo ze-Kawasaki ezingaphathwa kabi zingabhekana nezinkinga ezingapheli zengqondo, ikakhulukazi izifo ezibangelwa yi- coronary arteries , okungaholela ekuhlaselweni kwenhliziyo nokufa kwe-cardiac ngokushesha .
Izimpawu
Ngokuqinisekile, izimpawu zesifo se-Kawasaki zibandakanya ukushisa okukhulu, ukuqhuma, ukubomvu kwamehlo, ukuvutha kwamakhemikhali emilenzeni, izintende ezibomvu nezinyawo, ukuvuvukala kwezandla nezinyawo, kanye ne- tachycardia (isilinganiso senhliziyo esisheshayo) esingekho isilinganiso ngezinga lomkhuhlane. Lezi zingane ngokuvamile zigula kakhulu, futhi abazali babo bavame ukubona isidingo sokuziyisa kudokotela.
Lokhu kuyinto enhle ngoba ukwelashwa okufanele futhi ukwelapha ingane kuqala nge-intraveous gamma globulin (IVIG) kungasiza kakhulu ekuvimbeleni izinkinga zesikhathi eside zenhliziyo.
Izinkinga ezinzima zeCardiac
Ngesikhathi sokugula okunzima, imithwalo yegazi emzimbeni wonke iyavutha (isimo esibizwa nge- vasculitis ). Le-vasculitis ingabangela izinkinga eziningana zenhliziyo ezinzima, kuhlanganise ne-tachycardia; ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yomzimba ( myocarditis ), okuyinto ngezinye izimo kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo enamandla, esongela ukuphila; kanye nokuphindaphindiwe kwe-mitral .
Uma ukugula okulukhuni sekuphelile, lezi zinkinga cishe zihlale zixazulula.
Ukuphelelwa Kamuva Kwezinkinga Ze-Cardiac
Ezimweni eziningi, izingane ezinezifo ze-Kawasaki, njengoba zigula njengoba ziyizifo, zihamba kahle uma ukugula okunzima kuqhuba inkambo yayo. Kodwa-ke, cishe eyodwa kwezingane ezinhlanu ezinezifo ze-Kawasaki ezingaphathwa nge-IVIG zizokwakha izinkanyezi ze-artery coronary (CAA).
Lezi zinezinzwa - ukuhlenga ingxenye yesigcawu - kungaholela ekutheni i- thrombosis kanye nokuvinjelwa kwe-artery, okwenza i-myocardial infarction (ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo). Ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kungenziwa nganoma isiphi isikhathi, kodwa ingozi iphezulu kakhulu ngenyanga noma emibili emva kwesifo se-Kawasaki esinzima. Ingozi ihlala iphakeme cishe iminyaka emibili, bese iyancipha kakhulu.
Uma i-CAA isungulile, noma kunjalo, ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo isala okungenani iphakanyiswe kuze kube phakade. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abane-CAA babonakala bejwayele ukuthuthukisa i- atherosclerosis ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma eduze kwesayithi le-aneurysm.
I-CAA ngenxa yesifo se-Kawasaki kubonakala sengathi ijwayele kakhulu kubantu base-Asia, Pacific Islander, yase-Hispanic, noma eMelika yaseMelika.
Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo ngenxa ye-CAA bajwayele ukubhekana nezinkinga ezifanayo nalabo abanesifo somzimba we-coronary ejwayelekile - kubandakanya ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo nokufa kwe-cardiac ngokushesha.
Ukuvimbela Izinkinga ZeCardiac
Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni ne-IVIG kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi kuphumelela kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ama-aneurysms e-coronary artery. Kodwa ngisho nalapho i-IVIG isetshenziswa ngokuphumelelayo, kubalulekile ukuhlola izingane eziye zabhekana nesifo se-Kawasaki ukuze kwenzeke i-CAA.
I-Echocardiography iyasiza kakhulu kulokhu kusukela i-CAA ivame ukutholakala ngokuhlolwa kwe-echo.
Isivivinyo se-echo kufanele senziwe ngokushesha uma kutholakala ukuthi isifo se-Kawasaki senziwa, bese kuthi emva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa izinyanga ezimbili ezizayo. Uma i-CAA itholakala ukuthi ikhona, i-echo ingalinganisa usayizi wayo (ama-aneurysm amakhulu amakhulu ayingozi kakhulu). Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuyodingeka, mhlawumbe ngokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka noma ukuphazamisa inhliziyo , ukusiza ukuhlola ubunzima be-aneurysm.
Uma i-CAA ikhona, ukwelashwa nge-dose aspirin encane (ukuvimbela i-thrombosis) ngokujwayelekile kuvunyelwe. Kulesi simo, ingane kufanele ibe nemigomo yempukane yaminyaka yonke yokuvimbela umkhuhlane futhi igweme iReye's Syndrome .
Ngezinye izikhathi i-CAA inzima ngokwanele ukuthi umthambo we-coronary overpour operation kufanele ucatshangelwe.
Abazali bezingane abane-CAA kumele baqaphele izibonakaliso ze- angina noma i-heart attack. Ezinganeni ezincane kakhulu, lokhu kungaba yinselele, futhi abazali kuzodingeka balinde ukunxanxwa okungaqondakali noma ukuhlanza, i-pallor engachazwanga noma i-sweating, noma izikhala zokungalazi futhi ezingasetshenzisiwe.
Isifingqo
Ngendlela yokwelapha yesimanje ye-Kawasaki isifo, izinkinga ezinzima, zesikhathi eside zengqondo zingagwenywa ezimweni eziningi. Uma isifo se-Kawasaki siholela ku-CAA, noma kunjalo, ukuhlolwa okunonya nokukwelashwa kungavimbela imiphumela emibi kakhulu.
Isihluthulelo sokuvimbela izinkinga zomzimba nge-Kawasaki isifo sokuba abazali baqinisekise ukuthi izingane zabo zihlolwa ngokushesha nganoma yisiphi isifo esibucayi esifana nesifo seKawasaki, noma ngenxa yalokhu, ukugula okubukeka sengathi kubonakala kunzima kakhulu.
Umthombo:
I-Newburger JW, Takahashi M, Gerber MA, et al. Ukuxilongwa, ukwelashwa, nokuphathwa kwesikhathi eside kwe-Kawasaki isifo: isitatimende sabasebenzi bezempilo beKomidi Ye-Rheumatic Fever, i-Endocarditis ne-Kawasaki Disease, uMkhandlu Ngezifo Zezinhliziyo E-Young, American Heart Association. Ukujikeleza kuka-2004; 110: 2747.
Isifo se-Kawasaki. Ku: Incwadi Ebomvu: Umbiko we-2015 weKomidi yezifo ezithathelwanayo, i-30th ed, i-Kimberlin DW, i-Brady MT, i-Jackson MA, i-Long SS (i-Eds), i-American Academy of Pediatrics, i-Elk Grove Village, i-IL 2015. p .49