Ukwelashwa Nokuguqulwa Lapho I-Cancer Lung Ibuyela emuva
Mhlawumbe into ewukuphela komhlaba okuphazamiseka kunokuzwa ukuthi unomdlavuza ukuzwa ukuthi umdlavuza wakho wamaphaphu ubuye waphinduka. Ngeshwa, ukuphindaphinda umdlavuza wamaphaphu - ngisho nama-tumor ahlukaniswe ekuqaleni kwesigaba - kujwayelekile kakhulu, naphezu kokwelashwa okwamanje. Yini okudingeka ukwazi uma umdlavuza wakho wamaphaphu ubuya?
Sibutsetelo
Ngaphambi kokukhuluma ngokuphindaphindiwe, kusiza ukucacisa lokho esikhuluma ngakho.
Ukuphindaphinda umdlavuza kuchazwa njengomdlavuza obuyela emuva (emuva) ngemuva kokwelashwa nokulandela isikhathi ( ukukhululwa ) lapho kungekho bufakazi bomdlavuza. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwelashwa okutholakala ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuxilongwa kwangempela ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengokukhula komdlavuza.
Ukuphindaphinda kungachazwa kabanzi lapho kwenzeka khona:
- Lendawo - Yilapho umdlavuza ubuya emaphashini, eduze nesisu sokuqala.
- Esifundazweni - Uma umdlavuza uphindela emagqumeni angaphansi kwesikhumba sokuqala.
- Okude - Uma umdlavuza wamaphaphu uphindela kumasayithi afana namathambo, ubuchopho, izigulane ezinobungozi noma isibindi.
Ithuba lokuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu uzobuyela emuva kuncike ezintweni eziningi, kufaka phakathi uhlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu , isiteleka somdlavuza wamaphaphu lapho kutholakala khona, kanye nemithi yomdlavuza wokuqala.
Amanqamu amaningi emdlavuza abuyele emuva eminyakeni emihlanu yokuqala emva kokuxilongwa. Lokho kusho ukuthi ingozi yokuphindaphinda ayiphinde ibuyele ku-zero.
Ucwaningo olulandela abalondolozwe umdlavuza wamaphaphu eminyaka emihlanu wathola ukuthi amaphesenti angu-87 akwenza iminyaka emihlanu engenawo umdlavuza.
Izimbangela
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu , njengokuhlinza nokuhlinzekwa kwezidakamizwa, kubhekwa ukwelashwa kwendawo-okungukuthi, baphatha umdlavuza okhona eduze nesayithi se-tumor yangempela. Ngezinye izikhathi amaseli avela ku-tumor yangempela asakazeka ngeziteshi zegazi noma ze-lymphatic kuya kumasayithi akude, kodwa amangqamuzana amancane kakhulu angatholakali ngezifundo ze-radiological.
I-Chemotherapy iklanyelwe ukwelapha amangqamuzana omdlavuza okungenzeka asakaze ngale ndlela. Ngokudabukisayo, ngisho ne-chemotherapy, amangqamuzana angaphila futhi aqale ukukhula ngolunye usuku.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu zokuphindaphinda komdlavuza wamaphaphu ziyoncike lapho umdlavuza uphindela khona. Uma kungukuphindaphindiwe kwendawo, noma ku-lymph nodes eduze ne-tumor yangempela, izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ukukhwehlela, ukukhwehlela igazi, ukuphefumula , ukuqhuma, noma ukuphefumula . Amathumba aphinde abuyele ebuchosheni angabangela ukuzondeka, ukwehla noma umbono ophindwe kabili, ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba, noma ukulahlekelwa kokuxhumana. Izicubu zesibindi zingabangela ubuhlungu besisu, i-jaundice (i-discoloration ephuzi yesikhumba), itching noma ukudideka. Ukuphindaphinda emathanjeni okuvame ukukhombisa ubuhlungu obujulile esifubeni, emuva, emahlombe, noma emaphethelweni. Izimpawu eziningi ezijwayelekile, njengokukhathala nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungenasisekelo , kungase kubonakale ukuphindaphindiwe.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelapha ukuphindaphindiwe komdlavuza wamaphaphu kuzoxhomekeka kusayithi lapho umdlavuza uphindela khona. Uma umdlavuza wephunga uphindaphinda, kukhona ithuba elincane lokuthi lesi sifo siphulukiswe. Lokho kusho ukuthi kunezindlela zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo ezingakhuphuka kokusinda nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila. Ukwelashwa okungenzeka kungabandakanya:
Ukuhlinzwa - Ukuhlinzwa akuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukuphindaphindiwe komdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa kungasetshenziswa kwezinye izimo ukuphatha ukuphindaphinda kwendawo noma ukuphatha izicubu ezingenalo ebuchosheni noma esibindi.
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa - Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokwelashwa kunganciphisa uma ngabe ukwelapha kwama-radiation kwangaphambilini kunikeziwe. Indlela elula yokucabanga ngalokhu ukuthi kunomthamo wokuphila wama-radiation ongasetshenziswa kuwo wonke umuntu. Kodwa noma ngabe uke waqala ukwelashwa kwemisebe , lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukuphatha ukuphindaphinda ngokusebenzisa umthamo omncane.
I-Chemotherapy - I- Chemotherapy ngokuvamile iyindlela yokwelapha yomdlavuza wemaphaphu ukuphindaphinda. Lokho kusho ukuthi i-chemotherapy ekhethiwe ihluke kakhulu kune-chemotherapy ekuqaleni esetshenziselwa ukuphatha lesi sifo. Izakhi zofuzo ezithinta izakhi zivame ukuvela emathunjini aphindaphindiwe, okwenza ukuba anganqamuki nezidakamizwa zamakhemikhali asetshenziswe ngaphambilini.
Imithi ehlosiwe - Imithi ehlosiwe ivame ukuwusizo kubantu abanomdlavuza wamapapu ophuthumayo abanokuguqulwa kwe-EGFR , umdlavuza we- ALK-positive noma umdlavuza wamaphaphu omuhle we- ROS1 .
I-Immunotherapy - Ngo-2015, imithi emibili ye- immunotherapy yavunyelwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu. Nakuba le mithi ingasebenzi kuwo wonke umuntu, kubantu abathile lezi zelashwa ziye zaholela ekulawuleni isikhathi eside umdlavuza wamaphaphu obuye waphindela.
I-Metastatectomy - Uma kuphela izindawo ezimbalwa zomdlavuza wamaphaphu zisakazwa ebuchosheni noma esibindi-okuthiwa "i-oligometastase" - lezi zindawo zingasuswa ngenqubo eyaziwa njenge- radiotherapy yomzimba we-stereotactic noma i-SBRT . Le nqubo ihilela ukusebenzisa umthamo ophezulu wemisebe esifundeni esincane (ukuthi lapho i-metastasis ikhona khona) futhi ibangele ukulawula isikhathi eside umdlavuza we-metastatic for some people.
Izivivinyo zemitholampilo - Uma umdlavuza wemaphaphu uphinde uphindze, ngokuvamile usho ngencazelo yesigaba 4. Ngokusho kweNational Cancer Institute, abantu abanesifo somdlavuza we-stage 4 kufanele bahlole ukuhlolwa kwezempilo njengokwelashwa komdlavuza wabo. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo , nokuthi ungathola kanjani izivivinyo zomtholampilo ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Isibikezelo
Ukuchazwa komdlavuza wempuphu ophindaphindiwe kuzoxhomeka ezintweni eziningi, kufaka phakathi indawo yokuphindaphinda, uhlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu, impilo yakho jikelele, kanye nokwelapha okukhethwa ukuphatha ukuphindaphindiwe. Ngisho noma ukuphindaphindiwe kwehlisa izinga lokuphila okulindelwe nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, abanye abantu baphila ngekhwalithi elihle lokuphila iminyaka eminingi emva kokuphindaphindiwe.
Ukubhekana
Ukubhekana nokukhishwa komdlavuza kunzima, njengoba yonke imizwa eyafika ngokuxilongwa kwangempela komdlavuza ivuselela. Buza imibuzo. Khuluma ngezinketho . Bamba ndawonye inethiwekhi yakho yokusekela yabathandekayo nabangani.
> Imithombo:
> Maeda, R. et al. Umphumela Wesikhathi Eside Nokuphindaphindiwe Kwesikhathi Esizayo Ezigulini Ezinezigaba Ezigciniwe Ngokuphelele 1A I-Can Not Small Small Lung Cancer. I-Journal ye-Thoracic Oncology . 2010. 5 (8): 1246-50.
> National Cancer Institute. Ukunakekelwa Kwemdlavuza Yamangqamuzana Angewona Amancane (PDQ) - I-Health Professional Version. https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq#section/all