Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene Zomkhuhlane We-Asthma Nezibonakaliso Zabo
Uyazi ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-asthma? Ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwe-asthma onakho okungakusiza ukuvimbela izimpawu futhi uthathe izinyathelo eziphumelelayo uma uzithuthukisa futhi uma uzithuthukisa.
Sibutsetelo
Inombolo yezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-asthma ibonisa umthelela omkhulu emphakathini:
- Abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-39 base-US baye bathola ukuthi bane-asthma
- Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-26 basenaso isifo
- Izingane ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-7 zithintekile
- Ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-50 ezindleko zezokwelapha ngqo futhi cishe u-$ 4 billion kusuka ekukhiqizeni okulahlekile ngonyaka
- Izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-10 zezikole nezinsuku zokusebenza ezingu-14 zezigidi ezilahlekile ngonyaka
- Izibhedlela eziyi-1000 nezibhedlela ezingu-11 ngosuku
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unjani uhlobo lwe-asthma onalo, izimpawu ziyafana njalo:
Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungaholela ekudidekeni njengoba ezinye zezokwelapha zingahluka. Ngenkathi sibabiza wonke ama-asthma, i-pathophysiology engezansi ingase ihluke kancane, eholele ekwelapheni okuhlukile. Ake sibheke zonke izinhlobo ze-asthma ezingathinta wena.
I-Asthma ye-allergen
Lolu hlobo lwe-asthma luba cishe ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-60 kuwo wonke ama-asthma. Kuhilela ukuvinjelwa kwe-airway futhi izimpawu ezivamile zesifo se-asthma ngokuvamile zihlotshaniswa ne- allergies futhi zibangelwa izifo .
Kubalulekile ukuthi ukwazi ukubona ukuthi yini edala i-asthma yakho .
Izibonelo zezinto ezivame ukuvusa zihlanganisa i-pollens, isikhunta, izidakamizwa zothuli, kanye ne-dander yezilwane.
Ngokuvamile, indima yomzimba wakho wokuvikela omzimba ukulwa nokutheleleka, kepha ekuguleni kwe-asthma, umzimba wakho ugxila kakhulu ekubangela izifo ze-asthma, okuholela ezimpawu ze-asthma. Ukwelashwa kwe-asthma ye-allergress kuzogxila ekugwemeni ukuvusa ama-asthma noma ukuxazulula impendulo yomzimba wakho.
I-Asthma engeyona i-allergic
Cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu kubo bonke abantu abane-asthma bane-asthma engeyona i-allergic. Lolu hlobo lwe-asthma lubangelwa ukutheleleka kwegciwane nezinye izimo ezicasulayo. Izibonelo zezinto ezingase ziholele ku-asthma engelahleki zibandakanya:
- Umusi wokubhema wendawo
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane
- Amakha evuthayo namaphilisi
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha
Olunye ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-asthma engeyona i-allergic ukuba ibe nzima kakhulu njengoba ilinganiswa yi-Global Initiative ye-Asthma, noma i-GINA, amaphuzu. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukusabalala okukhulu phakathi kwabesifazane, kodwa lokhu akuzange kube khona jikelele.
Iziguli ezingezona ezithathelwanayo ze-asthmatic zihlakulela lesi sifo ngemuva kokubuntwana futhi zinezimo ezingezona izifo, ezifana ne-rhinosinusitis ne-GERD, futhi zingenasiphelo esincane sokuphendula kwi-steroids engatholakali. Eziningi zalezi ziguli nazo zisengozini yokuphefumula.
I-asthma yokuzivocavoca
I-asthma eyenziwa ngokuzivocavoca (i-EIA), noma okuvame ukubhekwa ngumhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwe-asthma njengendlela yokuqeda imithwalo ye-bronchoconstriction, lapho i-airways yakho imincane futhi uthuthukisa izimpawu ze-asthma ngenxa yokuzivocavoca.
I-EIA ingalimaza i-asthma yakho noma ungase ube nezibonakaliso ze-asthma uma usebenzisa. Ngokuvamile, izimpawu zingase zibe nemizuzu engu-10 kuya kwemizuzu emithathu emva kwesikhathi esifushane sokuzivocavoca noma imizuzu engu-15 esikhathini eside sokuzivocavoca, njengokugijima.
(Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuzivocavoca akubanga imbangela ye-asthma kodwa kuyisisusa esingenza ube nezibonakaliso ze-asthma.)
Ku-EIA nezinye izinhlobo ze-asthma, kubalulekile ukuthi ube nesicwangciso senzosi ye- asthma futhi uhlale unesipiliyoni sakho sokuphumula . Lokhu kungaba okubaluleke kakhulu ku-EIA njengoba ungahle uhlaselwe njalo.
Futhi, ungase uthande ukucabangela ukuthola isongo se-ID yezokwelapha noma ukuthola ukuxhumana "Kwesiko Sokuphuthumayo" kocingo lwakho ukuze uvumele abantu bazi ukuthi une-asthma nokuthi ubani ongathintana uma ungakwazi ukuxhumana.
I-asthma yomsebenzi
Ingabe wayazi ukuthi indawo yakho yomsebenzi ingakubeka engozini yokuphefumula i-asthma?
Ukuvezwa okuhlobene nomsebenzi ku-irritants njengothuli namakhemikhali yizimbangela eziyinhloko zamacala amasha nokwehla kwesifo se-asthma. I-asthma ingase ibangelwe ukucasuka okuqondile kwamapayipi akho noma ngokuzwela izinto ezicasulayo.
I-Cough Variant Asthma
Nakuba ukukhwehlela kungase kuhambisane nezimpawu ezivamile ezihambisana ne-asthma , ukukhwehlela kuphela kungase kube isandulela noma uphawu olulodwa ku-asthmatic. Uma ukukhwehlela kuwukuphela kwesimiso se-asthma, lokhu kuyaziwa ngokuthi i- asthma (CVA) ekhwehlela.
I-Asthma Yomuthi
Iningi labantu alicabangi ngemikhiqizo engaphezulu kwezinto ezibhebhethekisa i-asthma, kodwa lokhu kungaba kubaluleke kakhulu eqenjini elincane labantu. Kodwa, ngenxa yeziguli ezithile ze-asthma, imithi yokuhlunguphaza ngaphezulu kwe-counter ingaba yingozi kakhulu.
I-aspirini nezinye izidakamizwa ezingezona izifo ezivuthayo (ezibizwa nangokuthi i-NSAID) zingalimaza i-asthma noma zibulawe. Ngalolu hlobo lokuzwela, udinga ukuhlala kude nezidakamizwa ezifana ne-ibuprofen, naproxen, ne-diclofenac ngoba zingase zidale ukuhlaselwa yisifuba uma une-asthma.
I-Asthma yasebusuku
Uma une-wheezing, ukukhwehlela, ukuqina kwesifuba noma ukuphefumula ebusuku, izimpawu zakho zingase zibhebhetheke kakhudlwana kwesifo sakho se-asthma noma zimelele ukuphefumula kwesifo somzimba njengesifo sokuhlunga okuhlukile. Amaphesenti angaba ngu-75 wezimpawu ze-asthmatics ze-nighttime izimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela okungenani kanye ngesonto. Futhi amaphesenti angamaphesenti angama-40 abhekana nezimpawu zobusuku ebusuku.
I-Glucocorticoids-Isifo Sokuziphendulela
Nakuba i-glucocorticoids ingenye yezidakamizwa ezinamandla kakhulu zokulwa nezidakamizwa ezitholakalayo futhi zivame ukusebenza kahle ekwelapheni i-asthma, iqembu elincane leziguli aziphenduli kule mithi futhi livame ukubizwa ngokuthi 'ukumelana nesifo steroid.'
Lezi akuzona iziguli ezingathathi imithi yazo noma azikwazi ukuthola ama-steroids ngenxa yezizathu zezezimali noma ezinye. Lezi ziguli nje aziphenduli ekwelapheni.
Akuqondi kahle ukuthi kungani ezinye iziguli zingavumi ukwelashwa, kodwa imibono ihlanganisa ukungabi namandla ikhono le-steroid ukuze libophe ngokufanele emaphakheni amaphaphu nobuhlobo namazinga aphansi evithamini D. Ukuphatha leli fomu le-asthma kubiza kakhulu futhi kubonisa inkinga enkulu yokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Ezinye izimo ezenziwa yi-Mimic Asthma
Konke okuhambayo akusiyo i-asthma. Ezinye izifo ezivame futhi ezingavamile zingakusiza futhi ukuba uphumule. Ububanzi bezifo lapha bukhulu kakhulu. Ukwehla kwamasongo okuthunyelwe kanye namathani amancane kunezinye izimo ezivame ukuholela ekuguleni kwezinye iziguli, kodwa imbangela yangempela akuyona isifuba.
Ngokufanayo, izimo ezingavamile nazo zingabangela ukuqhuma. Nakuba kungavamile, isikhumba se-thyroid esandisiwe singacindezela izingxenye zemikhumbi yakho ye-airways futhi senze ukuqhuma. Ungabuye uzalwe ngezindandatho zamasongo (izitsha zegazi ezungeze umoya ohamba emoyeni) ezifaka ingcindezi ezakhiweni zokuphefumula eziholela ekuphefumulweni nasekuphefumuleni.
> Imithombo:
> Bonini M, Polange P. I-bronchoconstriction eyenziwe ngokuzivocavoca: ubufakazi obusha ku-pathogenesis, ukuxilongwa nokwelapha i- Asthma Research and Practice, 2015, 1: 2.
> Dicpinigaitis PV. Isikhukhula Esingapheli Ngenxa Yomkhuhlane We-Asthma: I-ACCP Imikhombandlela Yokwenziwa Kokutholwa Kwemitholampilo Ebufakazi.
> O'Byrne, P. Ulwazi Lomguli. I-asthma yokuzivocavoca.
> Tan NC, Nadkarni NV, Lye WK, et al. Ucwaningo lweminyaka eyishumi lwama-factor oluthonya izimpawu zesifo se-asthma ebusuku phakathi kweziguli zase-Asia ekunakekelweni okuyinhloko. I-NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2015; 25: 15064.