Uma uzibuza ngemithi engcono kakhulu yomdlavuza wamaphaphu kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi zemdlavuza wamaphaphu. Futhi uhlobo ngalunye luphendula ngokuhlukile ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo.
Izinhlobo ze-Cancer Lung
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemikhakha yamaphaphu, futhi kubalulekile ukuba oncologist yakho inqume ukuthi iyiphi uhlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu onakho ukuze ukhethe okukhethwa kukho ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe.
Ukukhetha ukwelashwa, kanye nokuchazwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, kungahlukahluka kuye ngokubili uhlobo lomdlavuza nesiteji lapho kutholakala khona. Iningi lama-cancer lamaphaphu lihlukaniswa njengomdlavuza wesifo samangqamuzana ongewona omncane noma umdlavuza omncane wamaseli wesitembu, owathola amagama abo ngenxa yokuvela kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Izinhlobo ezingavamile zomdlavuza wamaphaphu zifaka izicubu ze-neuroendocrine ezifana ne-carcinoid. Amanqamu anjenge-sarcomas kanye nama-lymphomas angenzeka emaphashini.
Amanqamu wezinye izicubu, ezifana nomdlavuza webele, angasakazeka emaphashini. Uma kunjalo, umdlavuza ubizwa ngokuthi uncike emathangeni lapho uqala khona. Isibonelo, umdlavuza webele usakazeke emaphashini uzobizwa ngokuthi "umdlavuza webele wesifuba emaphashini" esikhundleni somdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Izinhlobo ezinkulu ezimbili zomdlavuza wamaphaphu:
- Umdlavuza wamangqamuzana ongewona omncane
- Umdlavuza omncane weseli wamaphaphu
Ake sibheke ngayinye yalezi zomshukela kanye nama-subtypes ngabanye.
I-Can-Small Cell Lung Cancer
I-Can-Small Cell Lung Cancer yenza amaphesenti angama-80 emdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Lezi zingaphinde zaphulwa zibe yizinhlobo ezintathu:
- Adenocarcinoma
- I-Squamous cell carcinoma
- I-cell cell carcinoma
I-Adenocarcinoma ye-Lung
Amaphesenti angama-50 ama-cancers amaphaphu amancane angewona amancane abhekwa njenge- lung adenocarcinomas .
Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu luvame ukubonwa kwabangewokubhema futhi uhlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu luvame ukutholakala kwabesifazane. Umdlavuza wamangqamuzana ongewona omncane uvame ukuqala emaphandleni (izingxenyeni zangaphandle) zamaphaphu, futhi ungaba khona isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuthi utholakale.
I-Squamous Cell Carcinoma (i-Epidermoid Carcinoma)
Amaphesenti angu-30 ezincane zamangqamuzana amaphaphu amaphaphu ayizinhlamvu ze- squamous cell carcinomas. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu luvame ukuqala emhubheni ye-bronchial engxenyeni enkulu yamaphaphu futhi kungabangela izimpawu kusenesikhathi, ikakhulukazi i-hemoptysis ( ukukhwehlela igazi ). I-squamous cell carcinoma isetshenziselwa ukuthi ibe yindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa kubonakala sengathi isifo sayo sinciphile kusukela ugwayi ohlungiwe utholakala futhi ukubhema kufakwa kakhulu emaphashini (isifunda lapho i-adenocarcinoma iqala khona).
I-Cell Cell Carcinoma
I-cell cell carcinoma yindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yomdlavuza ongasona omncane wesifo samaphaphu, obhekene namaphesenti angu-10 amacala. Ibizwa ngokuthi ukubonakala kwamaseli amakhulu azungezile uma ihlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope. I-carcinoma enkulu yegciwane ngokuvamile ivela ezindaweni ezingaphandle zamapayipi futhi ijwayele ukukhula ngokushesha
I-Cancer Small Lung Cancer
I- akhawunti encane yomdlavuza wamaphaphu amancane ngamaphesenti angama-20 emdlavuza wamaphaphu, futhi uhlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu oluxhunyaniswe kakhulu ngokubhema.
Umdlavuza wamaphaphu omncane uvame ukukhula ezindaweni eziphakathi kwamapayipi, futhi abantu abaningi banezimpawu ezimbalwa kuze kube yilapho bengakafiki. Uhlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu luvame ukukhula futhi lusakazeke ngokushesha kakhulu, iningi labantu abanomdlavuza ongasebenzi kahle ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa. Ngisho noma iningi lala makhambi lingakwazi ukuphulukiswa ngokuhlinzwa , umdlavuza omncane wesifo samaphaphu uvame ukusabela kahle kumakhemikhali kanye nemisebe .
I-Mesothelioma
I-Mesothelioma akuyona ngempela umdlavuza ovela emaphashini, kodwa kunalokho iqala emasethlium , i-membrane ejikeleze amaphaphu. Amacala angu-2 000 kuphela atholakala ngonyaka ka-2010 e-United States, kodwa izigameko zanda emhlabeni wonke.
Amacala amaningi e-mesothelioma angenxa yokuvezwa kwe-asbestos emsebenzini.
Ama-Tumor Carcinino Tumors (I-Bronchial Carcinoids)
I-carcininoid tumor account for up to 5 percent of lung cancer, kodwa akuzona zonke izicubu ze-lungs carcinoid ezimbi (umdlavuza). Lezi zinambuzane zakhiwa ngamaseli abizwa ngamaseli e-neuroendocrine. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zemdlavuza wamaphaphu, izicubu ze-carcinoid zivame ukutholakala kubantu abasha, ngokuvamile abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-40, futhi abahlobene nokubhema. Izinambuzane eziningi ze-carcinoid zikhula kancane kancane futhi zingasuswa ngokuhlinzwa.
I-Cancer Lung Secondary (Cancer Metastatic of the Lungs)
I-cancer eye yasakazeka emaphashini avela kwezinye izifunda zomzimba, isibonelo, isifuba, ibizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu wesibili. Kulesi sibonelo, umdlavuza uqala emathisini asebele, hhayi amathishu emaphaphu, futhi uzobhekwa njengomzimba we- metastatic wamabele emaphashini , kunomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Ama-Tumor Rare Angenza Amapayipi Angenayo
Izicubu eziqala ngezicubu ezinye izicubu zamaphaphu zivame ukutholakala emaphashini. Ezinye izicubu ezingabonisa emaphashini zihlanganisa ama- sarcomas , ama-hamartomas, nama- lymphomas .
Imithombo:
I-National Cancer Institute. Ukunakekelwa Kwemdlavuza Yamangqamuzana Angewona Amancane I-PDQ - I-Health Professional Version. 07/07/16. http://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq