Umehluko phakathi kwe-COPD ne-asthma empeleni ulele ekutheni i- pathophysiology noma izinqubo zomzimba eziholela ezimpawu ze-asthma. Kokubili i-asthma ne-COPD kubangelwa ukuvuvukala nokuhlaselwa komzimba , kodwa imiphumela ye-COPD yokuvuvukala okuvela kuma- macrophage ne-neutrophils (izinhlobo ezimbili zamangqamuzana egazi omhlophe ayingxenye yempendulo ye-immune) futhi iqala iminyaka eminingi.
Ukuvuvukala kwesifo se-asthma , ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuvame ukuvela esikhathini esifushane kanye nemiphumela evela kuma- eosinophils (olunye uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi).
I-asthma ne-COPD zombili zibandakanya ukuvuvukala okungapheli okuholela ekuvinjeni kwe-airflow. I-Asthma ne-COPD ingaba nezimpawu ezifanayo, njenge:
Zombili lezi zifo zingadlwengulwa yizinto ezinjengokutheleleka kwegciwane, ukubhema kwentuthu kagwayi kanye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo zomoya ngaphakathi, ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, noma ukungena emsebenzini. Zombili lezi zimo zitholwa ngokuhlolwa kokuphefumula okuthiwa i-spirometry.
Kukhona umehluko, noma kunjalo. I-asthma yisifo lapho umoya wakho womoya ugcwele khona futhi uphazamiseka ngokuphendula i- allergen . Uma kwenzeka lokhu kuba nzima kakhulu ukuhambisa umoya ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwendlela yakho yokuhamba emoyeni, okuholela ekubonisweni kwe- asthma . I-asthma ne-COPD baphathwa futhi baphendule ukwelashwa ngokuhlukile ngoba imbangela yokuvuvukala ihlukile.
Izinhloso zokwelapha nge-asthma ne-COPD nazo zihlukile. Nge-asthma, udokotela wakho uzama ukwehlisa noma ukucindezela ukuvuvukala, kuyilapho umgomo ku-COPD ukunciphisa izimpawu.
Ku-COPD, amaphaphu akho awonakele ngemuva kokuvezwa kwezimpikiswano ezithile, ngokuvamile ngenxa yocingo lokubhema okungapheli.
Ukuvezwa nokulimala okungapheli kubangela ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi kanye ne-hyperinflation. Ngenkathi ukuthuthwa kwe-air ku-asthma kubuye kuguqulwe, ukungena kwamanzi ku-COPD kuguquke kancane kancane noma kungenakuguqulwa nhlobo.Ukuvuvukala ku-COPD akubangelwa izifo, kodwa ngokujwayelekile ngenxa yezincithakalo.
Umehluko obengeziwe phakathi kwe-Asthma ne-COPD
Kuneminye imibono ehlukile phakathi kwe-COPD ne-asthma:
Ubudala - Umehluko olula phakathi kwe-COPD ne-asthma yisikhathi lapho kutholakala ukuxilongwa. I-asthma ivame ukutholakala ukuthi isencane noma isakhula, kuyilapho i-COPD itholakala kamuva ekuphileni. Lokhu akusho ukuthi awukwazi ukuthola ukuthi une-asthma njengomuntu omdala, kungcono kakhulu.
Umlando wokubhema - Cishe zonke iziguli ezine-COPD ziye zabhema noma zaba nokubhema kokubhema kwentuthu kagwayi yendawo, kuyilapho iziguli ze-asthma zivame ukungabhemi. Ngimangalisa, cishe u-1 ku-4 we-asthmatics omusi ongabangela ukuqhuma kwesifo se-asthma nokwenza umsebenzi we-lung wehla.
Izimpawu - Omunye umehluko ophakathi kwe-asthma ne-COPD yizimpawu eziphakathi kombono ezibonwa nge-asthma ngokumelene nezimpawu ezingapheliyo, eziqhubekayo ezibonakala ku-COPD.
Umqulu Wokuphefumula Okuphoqelelwe (FEV1) Izinguquko - Ukubuyiselwa kwe-FEV1 kubonisa enye umehluko phakathi kwe-asthma ne-COPD.
E-asthma, yehla ku-FEV1 ukubuyela ekuvamile phakathi kokuhlaselwa kwe- asthma , kuyilapho izinguquko ku-FEV1 ku-COPD ngokuvamile zingabuyiselwa.
Izimo ezivamile zokuhlala - Ngesifo se-asthma, uzovame ukuhlangana nezimo zokugula ezifana ne- allergenic rhinitis noma i-eczema, kanti iziguli ze-COPD ziyoba nezifo ezihlobene nokubhema njenge-coronary disease or osteoporosis.
I-steroid engenayo - Nakuba ama-steroid akhishwe kubhekwa njengokunakekelwa okujwayelekile kuzo zonke izigaba ze-asthma ngaphandle kwe- asthma engaphakathi, ama-steroids angenayo azuze inamba encane yeziguli ezine-COPD.
Imithombo:
I-Kuebler KK, i-Buchsel PC, i-Balkstra CR. Ukuhlukanisa isifo esingenasifo se-pulmonary chronic obstructive kusuka ku-asthma. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2008 Sep; 20 (9): 445-54.