I-Lipidologists Ingakusiza Ukuvimbela Izifo Zenhliziyo
I-Lipidologists yizinkathazo ezisiza ukuphatha i-cholesterol yakho futhi uthole izindlela zokwelapha ezizofanelana nezidingo zakho. E-United States, cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zabantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 bane-cholesterol ephakeme, isici esiyingozi kokubili ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo nokushaywa yisifo . Akumangazi-ke ukuthi uhlobo olusha lwezokwelapha luye lwavela ukuphatha izikhali zamagciwane ezinesimo sengqondo esisongela impilo.
Labachwepheshe abasha emkhakheni wezokwelapha kuthiwa yi-lipidologists.
I-lipidologist ingudokotela oye waqeqeshwa okwengeziwe ekulawuleni kwe-cholesterol, ukuhlolwa kwengozi yempilo, nokungenelela. Ngaphezu kwe-degree yezokwelapha, i-lipidologist inesitifiketi esibhaliwe esifakazela ekuqedweni kwalolu qeqesho olukhethekile.
I-Lipidology Emerges njenge-Specialty Medical
Le nsimu isencane kakhulu, kodwa ikhula, ne-lipidologists eqinisekisiwe engu-625 e-US ngonyaka ka-2015 futhi ngaphezulu kuka-100 ukuthatha ukuhlolwa ngonyaka. I-American Board of Clinical Lipidology, iqembu eliqondisa lekharikhulamu yeziqinisekiso, laqaphela isigaba sazo sokuthoma sokuthoma ngo-2005. Nokho, i-lipidologists ayingakaqaphelwa yi-American Board of Medical Specialties, inhlangano ebusayo yamaqembu ezokwelapha.
Noma kunjalo, insimu ye-lipidology, noma ukutadisha izinto ezinamafutha egazini, ngokuqinisekile kuyisipesheli esikhulayo.
I-National Heart, iLung ne-Blood Institute, ukuhlukaniswa kwamaNational Institutes of Health, isungule uhlelo lweNational Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). Lolu hlelo lwaqalwa ngomzamo wokubhekana nokuthi i-cholesterol isebenza kanjani nokuthi ingahlola kanjani futhi igcine amazinga e-cholesterol enempilo. Njengamanje, iningi labantu lifunda kuphela ngamazinga awo e-cholesterol ngokuba nesampula segazi elidonsa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwonyaka.
Nini Ukubonisana Ne-Lipidologist
Ngokusho kwe-American Heart Association, izinga elifanele le-cholesterol eliphelele kufanele libe ngaphansi kwezigidigidi ezingama-200 nge-deciliter (mg / dL) yegazi. Amazinga e-cholesterol phakathi kuka-200 no-240 mg / dL abhekwa njengengozi yempilo ephansi, kanti amazinga aphakeme kunama-240 mg / dL ayingozi enkulu yezifo zenhliziyo. Ezinhlobonhlobo ze-cholesterol, i-lipids ephansi ( LDL ) kufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-100 mg / dL; i-lipids ephakeme kakhulu (i- HDL ) kufanele ibe ngaphezu kuka-60 mg / dL.
Ukuze abantu abaningi balwe namazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol, udokotela oyinhloko oyodokotela uzoqala ukuphakamisa izinguquko zokuphila , njengokunamathela ekudleni okunamafutha aphansi nokukhula kwamazinga omzimba womzimba . I-NCEP isincoma ukuzama ukuguquka kwezinyanga ezintathu zokuphila ngaphambi kokuqala imithi ye-cholesterol .
Uma lezi zinguquko zokuziphatha zinganele, i-NCEP ibuye ikhuthaze ukuthi iqale uhlelo lwe-LDL-ukwehlisa izidakamizwa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa udokotela oyinhloko yokunakekela. Uma lo mgomo wezokwelapha ungaphumelelanga kahle amazinga e-cholesterol ezingeni eliphilile kungakapheli amasonto angu-12, leli qembu liluleka ukubona i-lipidologist. I-cardiologist kufanele ixoxwe uma udokotela oyinhloko noma udokotela ephethe ukukhathazeka okusheshayo ngesifo senhliziyo, noma uma isiguli sinezinye izici ezingozini, njengengcindezi ephezulu yegazi noma isifo sikashukela .
Iziguli kufanele zihlole futhi nenkampani yabo yomshuwalense ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-aphoyintimenti ne-lipidologist izokwenziwa.
I-Lipidologists Ingahle Ilandele Ukuvivinya Okuningi Kakhulu Kwe-Cholesterol
I-lipidologist cishe izophakamisa ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol ephakeme. Ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol ejwayelekile kuveza izigaba ezintathu ze-lipid: i- HDL , i-LDL, ne- triglycerides , enye uhlobo lamafutha atholakala emzimbeni. Ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol ezithuthukako kuhlinzeka ngokubukeka ngokumangalisayo kuma-subclasses we-cholesterol, okuhlinzeka ngezilinganiso ezingu-13 zenengozi yomzimba.
Lezi zilinganiso ezingu-13 zihlanganisa usayizi we-cholesterol usayizi wezinhlayiyana, isifo esasanda kutholakala sesifo senhliziyo, kanye namazinga we- apolioprotein B100 , iphrotheni esiza umzimba ukuba ukhulule futhi ususe i-cholesterol emasethini.
Ukusebenzisa loluhlolo lwe-cholesterol oluphambili, i-lipidologist ingabe isinikeze ukungenelela okukhethekile. Isibonelo, abanye abantu bangadinga imithi eyenzelwe ukuthuthukisa ukudluliselwa nokususwa kwe-cholesterol ye-LDL. Abanye abantu bangase badinga izinguquko ezengeziwe ezikhethekile zokudla, njengokunciphisa usawoti, ukwandisa i-fibre e-soluble, noma ukudla okungaphansi kwezingu-7% zama-khalori wansuku zonke kusuka kumafutha.
I-lipidologist, kuye ngezidingo zomuntu, ingase iphinde iphakamise i- MRI ukucacisa inani lamanoni akhona emathisini omzimba. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amazinga aphezulu e-lipid ahlobene nokukhuluphala, uhlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela kanye nezinye izifo ezingezinhle zesifo senhliziyo.
Nakuba i-lipidologists eqinisekisiwe beye yaba nokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile ekulawuleni kwe-cholesterol, ukuhlolwa okufanayo kwezokwelapha kanye nokwelashwa abakutusa kungabuye kunqunywe udokotela oyinhloko noma udokotela wezinhliziyo. Eqinisweni, i-National Heart, Lung ne-Blood Institute incoma ukuthi i-lipidologist isebenze ngokubambisana nodokotela oyinhloko wezokwelapha, umhlengikazi obhalisiwe, umhlengikazi, kanye ne-pharmist. Lokhu kuzovumela ilungu ngalinye leqembu ukuba likwazi zonke izincomo ezinikezwe isiguli. Isiguli singakhuthaza ukukhulumisana phakathi kwamalungu weqembu ngokugcina iphephabhuku lokuphathwa kwe-cholesterol, elirekhoda izinguquko zokudla , ukuvivinya umzimba , imithi kanye nemiphumela yokuhlola .
Imithombo:
Uhlelo Lokuqinisekisa Izazi Zezokwelapha I-Lipid . 2008. I-American Board of Clinical Lipidology.
"Ukwelashwa Okuphazamisayo Kwe-Reverse Cholesterol Transport and High-Density Lipoprotein." I-American College of Cardiology Scientific Session 2007 . Mar. 2007. I-American College of Cardiology. 6 Meyi 2008.
I-Goodpaster, iBret., Et. al .. "I-skeletal Muscle Lipid Ukugxila okuqinisekiswa yi-Magnetic Resonance Imaging." I-American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 79. 5. Meyi 2004. 748-754. 5 Meyi 2008.
"Umbiko Wesibili weNational Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Iphaneli Yomhloli Ekutholeni, Ukuhlola, Nokuphathwa Kwegazi Eliphezulu le-Cholesterol kubantu abadala." I-National Guideline Clearinghouse . 31 Mashi 2008. 6 kuMbasa 2008.
"Ama-Tipsheets: Izinyathelo Ezilandelayo." I-Cholesterol Yehlisa Imithi . 2007. I-National Heart Lung ne-Blood Institute.