Isifo se-Chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD) yisifo esivuvukala esibonakala ukuvinjelwa kokuhamba komoya. ukungena naphuma emaphashini. Lithinta abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-600 emhlabeni jikelele futhi kubalwe abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezine ngonyaka.
I-Global Initiative Yokuvimbela Izifo Zengculazi (GOLD) ihlukanisa i-COPD ibe yizigaba ezine , ngesimo esincane kunazo zonke sibe isigaba I kanye nesigaba se-IV esikhulu kakhulu.
Uma uthola ukuthi unesigaba se-III COPD, kusho ukuthi umsebenzi wakho wamaphaphu uye wakhathazeka kakhulu ngokuphefumula okwenyukayo, ukushaya, nokukhathala okwenza umsebenzi wansuku zonke kube nzima nakakhulu. Izimpawu kungenzeka ukuthi zenzeke esibhedlela esisodwa noma ngaphezulu.
Ngisho nalesi sigaba esiphezulu se-COPD, kunezinto ongayenza ukuze ugcine amandla okuphefumula onakho futhi uvimbele (noma okungenani kancane) ukuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwesifo.
Beka ama-cigarettes
Ukuyeka ukubhema kuyinto eyodwa okudingeka uyenze kunoma isiphi isigaba sesifo. Ngeke nje ukuyeka ukukwenza uzizwe ungcono ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo, kunganciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Ukubhema kulimaza amasaka omoya, ukuhamba kwemimoya, nokulala kwamapayipi akho, ukulimala okungenza kube nzima ukuguqula nokukhipha. Ukubhema kungabuye kubangele ama-flare-ups we-COPD.
Ukuyeka kungaba nzima, kodwa kunamasu amaningi ongathembela kuzo ukuqinisekisa ukuphumelela okukhulu:
- Ukumisa konke ngesikhathi esisodwa esikhundleni sokuguqula phansi noma ukushintsha uphawu oluphansi lwe-tar / low-nicotine kuyindlela engokoqobo. Ukuchofoza phansi kwenza kube lula ukuwa yi-bandwagon.
- Gwema abanye ababhemayo noma izindawo lapho abantu bebhema khona. Ngaphandle kokuthi kungenzeka kukugqugquzele ukuthi ubheme, kungani ubeka phansi imbangela ngokuzibeka emotweni wesandla?
Thola I-Flu Yakho ne-Pneumonia Shots
Ngokusho kwe-GOLD, ukudubula komkhuhlane waminyaka yonke kunganciphisa ingozi yokugula nokufa kubantu abaneCOPD ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-50. Umuthi wokugoma we-pneumonia uphakanyiswa ukuthi abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 ubudala noma ngaphezulu bakwazi ukunciphisa ingozi ye-pneumonia ye-bacteria.
Abantu abane-COPD baye benza umsebenzi wephaphu futhi benza kanjalo, basengozini enkulu yokuthola umkhuhlane. Uma i-pneumonia iqala, umonakalo obangelwa emaphashini awukwazi ukuguqulwa. Uma uhlala ne-Stage III COPD, ukuvimbela umkhuhlane kanye ne-pneumonia kubhekwa kubalulekile ngoba uma ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu kwenzeka, noma yimuphi umonakalo obangelwa uzobe unomphela futhi uthuthukise isifo sakho ngokuqhubekayo.
Njalo Gcina Ukukhulula Kwakho Inhaler Vala Ngesandla
Nakuba ama-bronchodilators enza okuncane ukunciphisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-COPD, udokotela wakho uzokuncoma ukuthi aphathe noma yikuphi ukuphazamisa noma ukuphefumula. Ama-bronchodilators amancane afana ne-Albuterol noma i-Proventil (eyaziwa nangokuthi i- rescue inhalers ) asetshenziselwa ngesisekelo esidingekayo sokusizwa okuphazamisa noma okuphuza izimpawu zokuphefumula.
Ekugcineni, ukubeka ingcindezi encane emaphashini akho lapha futhi manje, umonakalo obuncane wokuqongelela cishe uzoqhubekela phambili.
Sebenzisa i-Bronchodilator Yakho Yesikhathi Esidala Elandelanayo Njengoba Inqunyelwe
Ama-bronchodilator asebenza isikhathi eside asetshenziselwa njengoba lesi sifo sithuthuka ukukusiza ukuvimbela noma ukunciphisa izimpawu.
Udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi uhlanganise ama-bronchodilators ngezindlela ezahlukene zesenzo ngoba le ndlela ingase iphumelele kakhulu, nemiphumela emibi elinganayo noma embalwa, kunokusebenzisa i-bronchodilator eyodwa kuphela. Ama-beton-agonists asebenza isikhathi eside kukhona uhlobo olulodwa lwe-bronchodilator equkethe imithi efana ne-salmeterol noma i-formoterol. I-anticholinergics yesikhathi eside isebenzisa olunye uhlobo olusebenzisa i-Atrovent, i- Spiriva , noma i-Combivent.
Ungakhohlwa Daliresp
I-Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitors yilasilasi lezidakamizwa eziphatha ukuvuvukala okuhlobene ne-COPD. Imithi yomlomo yodwa kanye nonyaka, i-PDE4 inhibitors isiza ukunciphisa ukuqhuma kwe-COPD ngemiphumela emibi engavamile.
Izidakamizwa zisebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwe-airway kubantu abangamelana nemithi ejwayelekile. Ngokwenza kanjalo, i-mucus encane ikhiqizwa, okuholela ekuqongeni kancane nokuvimbela izingxenye zomoya.
I-Daliresp (i-roflumilast) yiyona kuphela i-PDE4 inhibitor elamukelwe manje e-United States. Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ye-PDE4 inhibitors ihlanganisa isifo sohudo, isicashu, kanye nekhanda.
Thatha ukuvuselelwa kwePulmonary Seriously
Ukuvuselelwa kwepulmonary ngokuvamile kwengezwe ngesikhathi se-II COPD futhi kuqhubeka njengoba lesi sifo siphuthuka. Kuhlanganisa ukuzivocavoca, ukuphumula, amasu okuphefumula , imvume yokuhamba emoyeni , nokusekelwa ngokomzwelo ukusiza abantu kangcono ukuba babhekane nesimo sabo. Phakathi kwezinhloso ukugwema isidingo sokwelapha oksijeni esiboniswe esigabeni IV COPD.
Ukubuyiselwa kwezidakamizwa kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu zesifo, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila, ukunciphisa ukuhlukaniswa komphakathi, nokwandisa isikhathi sokusinda. Uhlelo lusebenzisa iqembu labahlengikazi labahlukahlukene, abahlengikazi, abahlengikazi, nabeluleki.
Khuluma Nodokotela Wakho Mayelana Ne-Glucocorticoids
Ukwelapha nge-glucocorticoids (eyaziwa ngokuthi i-steroids) kunengxabano, kodwa i-GOLD iyancoma ifomu elifakiwe lapho ufika eSiteji III futhi uhlushwa ukuvama okuvamile.
I-oral steroids ingasetshenziselwa ukuphatha i-COPD uma izimpawu zikhula ngokushesha. Ngokuvamile, i-steroids engenalutho isetshenziselwa ukuphatha izimpawu eziqinile noma lapho izimpawu zihamba kancane kancane.
Yidla Impilo Ukuze Uthuthukise Umsebenzi Wezingcingo
Ngenkathi ukudla okunempilo kungakwazi ukwelapha i-COPD, kungakusiza uzizwe ungcono futhi unikeze amandla amaningi emisebenzini yakho yansuku zonke, kuhlanganise nokuphefumula. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-COPD ibeka ukucindezeleka okukhulu emzimbeni wakho futhi iyashisa ngokugcwele yonke uphethiloli owuthola ekudleni. Ngenxa yalokho, abantu abaneCOPD bayodinga ukukhulisa ukudla kwabo nge-caloric , ngokudla okunempilo okucebile kuma-antioxidants nama-phytochemicals.
Ukudla okulungile kungakhuthaza futhi amasosha omzimba wakho, futhi, ukusiza ukulwa nanoma yiziphi izifo zesifuba ezivamile kubantu abaneCOPD.
> Umthombo:
> I-Global Initiative Yokuvimbela Izifo Zengculazi (GOLD). "Ubufakazi Ekusekeleni Ukwelashwa Nokulondoloza Ukwelashwa." Umhlahlandlela wePocket ku-COPD Ukuxilongwa, Ukuphathwa, Nokuvimbela: Umhlahlandlela Wezokwelapha Abaqeqeshiwe. 2017: 9-18.