Iziphi Iziguli Zengculaza Zingahlinzeka Ngegazi Nini?
Abasindile be-Cancer ngezinye izikhathi bangakwazi ukunikela ngegazi uma bengaphezu konyaka ngaphandle kokwelapha. Kodwa zikhona izimo, ezifana nama-leukemias nama-lymphomas nokuningi, lapho ukunikela kungabhekwa njengokuphephile kwalabo abazothola igazi. Ngabe abantu abanomdlavuza banganikela ngegazi, bangeke nini, futhi yiziphi izizathu ezenza lokhu?
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izinhlangano zomnikelo wegazi ngamunye, kanye namazwe ahlukene, zinemfuneko ehlukile.
Ngemva kokuthola izinzuzo zokwelashwa, iziguli eziningi zomdlavuza kanye nabasindile bafisa ukubuyisela ngandlela-thile. Sizoxoxa ngemininingwane kanye nezincazelo lapha, kodwa impendulo yento eyodwa icacile-uma ubuze lo mbuzo njengomuntu osinde umdlavuza, labo abaphila nomdlavuza namuhla bayajabula.
Kungani Kungenakuthi Umuntu One Cancer Akwazi Ukunikela Igazi?
Ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngemikhombandlela yokunikezwa kwegazi ngemva komdlavuza, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngezizathu zokuthi kungani ukunikela kungavunyelwe noma kululeka.
Ku-Donor
Abantu abaningi abanomdlavuza bangabona ngokucacile ukubaluleka kokunikela ngegazi, kodwa lokhu kungase kungabi njalo inketho enempilo. Kwezinye izimo, i-chemotherapy ingaphazamisa umnkantsha we-bone okwenza kube ne-anemia ngisho nangemva kokulashwa. Ukunikela ngegazi kudinga inhliziyo enempilo, futhi ngisho ne-anemia emnene eyakhiwe ngokunikela ngegazi ingalimala labo abanomonakalo we-cardiac ohlobene ne-chemotherapy kanye nokwelashwa kwemisebe.
Kungase kube nezizathu zezokwelapha ngaphandle komdlavuza ozokwenza ukunikezela ngegazi okungenampilo ngesimo sakho. Okokugcina, ukukhathala komdlavuza kungokoqobo, futhi abaningi abasinda emdlavuza bayaqaphela ukuthi bayaqhubeka bezwa ukukhathala iminyaka eminingana emva kokuba sebeqede ukwelashwa. Emva kokuthola imodi "yokuthola" isikhathi eside, abantu abaningi bafuna "ukubuyisela" ngisho noma besalokhu bebhekana nalezi zikhathi eziphuthumayo zokwelashwa .
Eminye yezinhlangano ezikhawulela umnikelo wegazi ezivela emdlalweni womdlavuza isikhathi eside kunakho okucabangayo ngalokhu. Njengezinkinga zezinhliziyo, ngisho ne-anemia emnene ngenxa yomnikelo ingabangela ukukhathala, futhi ingavimbele ikhono lakho lokuqhubeka "kokujwayelekile" kwakho emva komdlavuza.
Ngomamukeli
Ingozi yokudlulisa umdlavuza ngokumpompela ngegazi ngokuyinhloko ingozi yemfundiso; akube khona imibiko yabantu abahola umdlavuza ngenxa yokumpontshelwa igazi. Kodwa iqiniso lokuthi, ezimweni ezingavamile , umdlavuza usakazwe nge- organ transplants , uye waba nemikhombandlela yokuvimbela abantu abadala abanesifo somdlavuza wegazi, njenge-leukemias ne-lymphomas, ekunikezeni igazi.
Izidingo ezifanelekile zokunikezelwa kwegazi ngegazi
Izidingo eziyisisekelo ze-donation yegazi zibeka ukuthi kufanelekile ukuba umuntu anikele ngegazi lonke izinsuku ezingu-56 uma kulandelwa iziqondiso ezilandelayo:
- Ukuba okungenani uneminyaka engu-17 ubudala (noma iminyaka engu-16 ngemvume evela kumzali)
- Ukuba nempilo enhle nokuzwa kahle
- Ukulinganisa okungenani amakhilogremu angu-110
Izimfuneko ezengeziwe zibandakanya imikhawulo eminye imithi, ukungabi khona kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza nengculaza, kanye nezinga elivamile le-hemoglobin phakathi kwabanye. Isibonelo sezimfuneko ezidingekayo yizidingo ze-Red Cross ezifanelekile ezibuye zenze imininingwane ngokufanele ukufaneleka ngesihloko.
Uma i-Blood Donation ilungile kubantu abane-Cancer (e-United States)
Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi ukufaneleka ukunikela ngegazi kungahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi kunesikhungo somdlavuza noma inhlangano yokunikela ngegazi. Kubantu abaye banomdlavuza, isikhungo somnikelo singadinga incwadi evela ku-oncologist yakho ebonisa ukuthi iphephile ukuba unikele ngegazi. Ngokuvamile, abasindile bomdlavuza banganikela ngegazi uma:
- Uhlangabezana nezinqubo eziyisisekelo ngenhla.
- Kuye okungenani izinyanga ezingu-12 kusukela ekuqedeni ukwelashwa komdlavuza, futhi okwamanje awunawo umdlavuza (awunawo ubufakazi bokugula - i-NED ). Lokhu kusebenza kuphela kubantu abanezinambuzane eziqinile; labo abaye banomdlavuza wegazi (njenge-leukemia ne-lymphoma njengabantu abadala ) bangase banganikeli ngegazi. Lokho kuthiwa, ezinye izikhungo zidinga iminyaka emihlanu, kanti eminye iminyaka engu-10, emva kokuqeda ukwelashwa komdlavuza ophumelelayo.
- Wena usuphethwe yi-leukemia yobuntwana noma umsindisi we-lymphoma futhi sekuyiminyaka engu-10 usuqala ukubhekwa njengomdlavuza.
- Uma unomdlavuza oqala kakhulu lapho ukwelashwa kunomsoco (isibonelo, i- ductal carcinoma in situ noma i-DCIS ). Ngalezi zinsana zakuqala, abasindile banganikela ngegazi ngokushesha nje lapho bephulukiswa kusukela ekuhlinzekeni.
Lapho i-Blood Donation ingavunyelwe abantu abane-Cancer (e-United States)
Abantu abanomdlavuza abangafanelwe ukunikela ngegazi bafaka:
- Labo abasebenza ekwelashweni lomdlavuza.
- Labo abanomdlavuza oqhubekayo.
- Labo abanomdlavuza obuye waphindela emuva kokulandela ukulahlwa.
- Labo abaye baba ne-cancer ehlobene negazi njengomuntu omdala, njenge- leukemia , i- lymphomas , isifo sikaHodgkin , i- myeloma eminingi , noma i-polycythemia rubra vera.
- Labo abaye banomdlavuza njenge- Kaposi's sarcoma noma i- mycoses fungoides . Umlando we-Kaposi sarcoma, ikakhulukazi, uvimbela umnikelo wegazi esikhathini esizayo.
- Labo abaye baphatha imishanguzo ethile ngamakhemikhali athile okuthiwa yi-chemotherapy, noma izifo ezithile zomdlavuza ezifana nokufakelwa komzimba noma i-splenectomy.
Ngaphandle kwe-United States
Akuzona kuphela izidingo zokufaneleka ezihlukahluka phakathi kwezinhlangano ezihlukene e-United States, kodwa zihluka phakathi kwamazwe. Izibonelo ezimbalwa zilandela:
- I-Canada: Xhumana ne-Canada Blood Services ukuze uxoxe ngezinqubo.
- E-UK: Izinkombandlela ezivela e-United Kingdom Blood Transfusion and Tissue Transplantation State state ukuthi abasindile bomdlavuza banganikeli ngegazi. Ukungafani kuhlanganisa nalabo bantu abanomdlavuza wesikhumba osemthethweni osuswe ngokuphelele futhi usuphulukisiwe, nalabo abanamaseli angenalutho , njengamaseli angavamile ebelethweni, aphulukisiwe futhi awekho amangqamuzana angavamile.
- I-Australia: Ngokusho kwe-Australia Red Cross Blood Service abasindayo abaqinile (kodwa hhayi amagciwane ahlobene negazi) banganikela ngegazi ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu ukwelashwa komdlavuza kugcwaliswe futhi uhlale nomdlavuza.
Isifiso sokubuyisela emuva
Kulabo abasindile umdlavuza abangakwazi ukunikela ngegazi, kunezinye izindlela zokusiza abantu abanomdlavuza. Mhlawumbe ufisa ukubamba iqhaza ekudluliseleni impilo, ubambe i-fundraiser kumngane onomdlavuza , noma uhileleke njengommeli wezinhlangano zomdlavuza ezixhasa uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza. Eziningi zalezi zinhlangano zifuna abasindile abazokwazi ukukhuluma nabantu abasanda kutholakala ukuthi banesifo esifanayo ngezinsizakalo ezifanako. Kunamaqembu amaningi asekela umdlavuza nemiphakathi yomdlavuza, lapho ungaletha khona ulwazi lwakho nakho konke okufundile etafuleni ukusiza abanye ababhekene nezinselele ezifanayo.
Uma usenomuzwa wokuthi udabukile ngesidingo segazi, cabanga ukuthi ucela abangani noma izisebenzi zokubambisana ukuba banikele lapho ungeke ukwazi. Abangane abaningi abanomdlavuza womdlavuza banomuzwa wokuthi banelungelo lokuthola usizo, futhi lokhu kungaba yindlela eyodwa yokusiza umngane wakho kuphela kodwa abanye abakudingayo.
Ingabe Uzokwazi Uma Umnikelo Wakho Ungenza Umehluko?
Ngenxa yezizathu zobumfihlo, abanikeli ngeke bakwazi ukuzwa ngeziguli ezizuza eminikelweni yazo. Lokho kusho ukuthi i-Red Cross ithi yonke iminikelo isindisa izimpilo ezintathu. Futhi eSweden, umkhandlu wesifunda uzokuthumelela uma igazi lakho lisetshenzisiwe!
> Imithombo:
> I-American Red Cross. Ukufaneleka Okufanelekile Ngendaba. http://www.redcrossblood.org/donating-blood/eligibility-requirements/eligibility-criteria-topic#med_cond
> Cancer Research UK. Nginganikela ngegazi uma nginomdlavuza? http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancers-in-general/cancer-questions/can-i-donate-blood-if-i-have-had-cancer