Isivivinyo sokudweba iwashi ithuluzi elilula elisetshenziselwa ukubuka abantu ngezibonakaliso zezinkinga zezinzwa, njenge- Alzheimer's nezinye dementia . Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa nezinye, ukuhlolwa kokuhlola okuphelele kakhulu, kodwa ngisho nalapho kusetshenziselwa yedwa, kunganikeza ukuqonda okuwusizo ikhono lomuntu lokucabanga.
Indlela Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Clock-Ukudweba Okuphathwa Ngayo
Umtholampilo (ngokuvamile udokotela, isazi sezokwelapha, noma isisebenzi sezenhlalakahle) unikeza umuntu ukuthi ahlolwe ucezu lwephepha elinombuthano owenziwe ngaphambili bese emcela ukuthi adonse izinombolo ngehora.
Uyamtshela ukuthi athole izandla ukuze abonise isikhathi esithile. Kunezikhathi eziningana ezahlukahlukene abantu abaphatha le mvavanyo abangasebenzisa, kepha abaningi bakhetha amaminithi angu-10 emva kuka-11.
Enye indlela ukumane unikeze lowo muntu ingubo engenalutho bese umcela ukuba athole iwashi ebonisa isikhathi semaminithi angu-10 emva kuka-11. Abanye odokotela bezokwelapha ngamagama bafuna igama elithi "izandla" ezindleleni zabo ukuze bagweme ukunikeza i-test-taker ukukhomba lokho okudingeka kufakwe emdwebeni.
Izilinganiso zokuhlola
Kunezinhlobo ezingu-15 ezahlukene zokubhala lesi sivivinyo. Ezinye zihle kakhulu futhi zibandakanya ukunikeza amaphuzu okufakwa kuwo wonke amanani, izinombolo ezihlelwe ngokufanele, izandla ezimbili zewashi, ukudweba isikhathi esifanele, kanye nezinombolo ezifanele ezibekiwe emaceleni amane. Amaphuzu amaningi, ama-10, noma angu-20 angabandakanyeka kwezinye zezindlela ezihlukile zokulinganisa.
Kodwa-ke, isifundo esanyatheliswe kuyi- Danish Medical Journal sichaza ucwaningo oluqhathanisa nezindlela ezinhlanu ezivame kakhulu zokubhala isivivinyo.
Isiphetho sabo? Indlela elula yokufaka amagoli inikeze imiphumela enembile njengendlela yezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Le ndlela elula kakhulu yokulinganisa ihlanganisa ukunikeza iphuzu elilodwa uma umsebenzi usuphelile ngokufanele kanye namaphuzu we-zero uma iwashi lingakapheli kahle. I-Alzheimer's Association iphinde iphakamise le ndlela elula yokufaka amagoli, iphetha ngokuthi iwashi evamile (noma amaphuzu wephuzu elilodwa) libonisa ukungabi khona kwengqondo komzimba , kuyilapho iwashi eliqedile ngokungavamile liyisizathu sokuhlolwa okuqhubekayo.
Amaphutha Wokuhlola Okubalulekile
Ucwaningo olwengeziwe lukhomba izici eziyisithupha kuloluhlolo olubalulekile ekuboneni ngempumelelo izinkinga ekuqondeni. Lezi zichazwe njengeziphambeko ezibucayi zokudweba iwashi futhi zifaka isikhathi esingalungile, azikho izandla, izinombolo ezingekho, izinombolo ezingezansi, ukuphindaphinda , nokulahla. Labacwaningi baphetha ngokuthi lezi ziphutha eziyisithupha zazibikezela ekuboneni ukuhlushwa kwe-dementia okusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwe-clock-drawing. Qaphela ukuthi ukumane nje ukungaqedi ukuhlolwa kungabonisa inkinga.
Izinzuzo zohlolo lwe-Clock-Drawing
- Ithuluzi lokuhlola okusheshayo: Iyindlela esheshayo kakhulu yokukhipha umuntu ngenhloso yokumangalisa komqondo. Ngokuvamile kudinga iminithi eyodwa noma amabili kuphela ukuqedela.
- Kulula ukuqondisa: Akudingi ukuqeqeshwa okuningi ukuphatha.
- Ukubekezelela kahle: Lokhu kuvivinywa kulula ukuqedela kune- MMSE kubantu abanokuqapha okufutshane.
- Ezamahhala: Ngokungafani nokuhlolwa okucabangayo okudinga ukuba uthenge ikhophi yamathuluzi wokuhlola nokufaka amagoli, ukuhlolwa kwe-clock-clock kungagcwaliswa ngezindleko zephepha kanye nepeni.
- Kungaba usizo emazweni asathuthuka: Ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi nokuqeqesha okuncane, lolu hlelo lungasetshenziswa emazweni anezinsiza ezimbalwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe- delirium : Lokhu kuhlolwa kuye kwahanjiswa neziguli esibhedlela ukuhlola izibonakaliso ze-delirium. I-Delirium ukulimala okungazelelwe kwikhono lomuntu lokucabanga. Kungalandela ukusetshenziswa kwe-anesthesia ngokuhlinzwa, isibonelo, futhi kubangelwa ukutheleleka noma ukugula.
Ukukhomba Izinkinga Zokusebenza Eziphezulu
Esinye isici esiwusizo kakhulu kuloluhlolo, njengoba sishicilelwe eCanada Medical Journal Association , ukuthi singathola izinkinga ekusebenzeni okuphezulu ngisho nalapho umuntu ehle kakhulu ku- MMSE , ithuluzi lokuhlola elivamile. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kungaphili kahle ngaphambi kokuba izinkinga zememori zibonakale, futhi ukuhlonza lokhu kuqala kuvumela ukwelashwa okusheshayo.
Isibonelo, ubaba wakho angenza kahle kwi-MMSE, okuzobonisa ukuthi inkumbulo yakhe isalokhu ingacacile, ulimi lwakhe namakhono okubala asebenza kahle, futhi ukuma kwakhe okuhlala kungavamile.
Kodwa-ke, ungabona ukuthi izinqumo zakhe azihambisani ngaso sonke isikhathi. Angakwazi ukugqoka, kodwa akakwazi ukucacisa ukuthi kufanele agqoke ijazi elifudumele uma kubanda ngaphandle.
Ngokuvamile, amalungu omndeni yiwona owokuqala ukusola ukukhubazeka kwengqondo ngoba bazobona ubufakazi bokusebenza okungasebenzi kahle, kuyilapho ukuhlolwa kwe-MMSE ehhovisi likadokotela kungase kungaboni lokhu. Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-clock-drawing kuyindlela eyodwa yokukhomba abantu abangahle babhekene nezibonakaliso zokuqala komqondo, njengokunciphisa ukusebenza okuphezulu , kepha kungenzeka ukuthi bangabonakali ukuphazamiseka kwememori okwamanje.
Kungani lokhu kungaba usizo? Imithi okwamanje etholakalayo yokwelapha isifo se-Alzheimer ngokuvamile isebenza kahle kakhulu ekuqaleni kwenqubo yesifo. Kubonakala sengathi bangalondoloza ukusebenza okwamanje isikhathi esilinganiselwe. Ngakho-ke, uma singakwazi ukuthola ukuwohloka komqondo ezinyathelweni zayo zangaphambili, singayiphatha ngaphambili futhi ngethemba lokuthi sinweba isikhathi somuntu osebenza kahle.
Ukunemba Ekuqapheleni Izifo Zama-Alzheimer noma Okunye Ukuzamazama
Ucwaningo oluthile oluthile lubonisa ukuthi lolu hlelo luyisixhobo esihle kakhulu sokuhlola ukukhubazeka kwengqondo. Imiphumela yayo ihambisana kakhulu nezinye izimo zengqondo yengqondo kanye nobufakazi obukhona bokukhubazeka. Futhi, njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, kubonakala sengathi unamandla okuthola izinkinga ngokusebenza okuphezulu ukuthi ezinye izivivinyo zingaphuthelwa.
Ngesikhathi ukuhlolwa kwewashi kusebenza kahle ekuboneni ukukhathazeka kwengqondo, akusivumelanisi emphakathini wocwaningo ukuthi ungakwazi ukubona ukukhubazeka okuncane okungaqondakali noma usizo ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlukumezeka kwengqondo (njenge-Alzheimer's disease kanye ne- dementia ).
Ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe
Uma usola othandekayo kungase kubonise izimpawu ze-Alzheimer noma enye ingqondo yokugula komzimba, kubalulekile ukufuna ukuhlolwa ngumtholampilo oqeqeshiwe. Bangasebenza ukulawula ezinye izimbangela ezibangelwa ukuguqulwa kwe-dementia, okufana nokuntuleka kwe-vitamin B12 nokucindezela okuvamile kwe-hydrocephalus , kanye nokuthola uhlelo olunembile lokuxilongwa nokwelashwa .
> Imithombo:
> I-Alzheimer's Association. Ukuvivinya kwengqondo. http://www.alz.org/professionals_and_researchers_14306.asp
> I-Aprahamian, I., Martinelli, JE, Liberalesso Neri, A., Sanches Yassuda, M. Dementia & Neuropsychologia 2009 Juni; 3 (2): 74-80. Uhlolo Lokudweba Kwama-Clock: Ukubukezwa Kwokwethembeka Kwalo Ekuhlolweni Kwesifo Senhliziyo.
> I-aprahamian I, Martinelli JE, Neri AL, Sanches Yassuda, M. International Psychogeriatrics Ukunemba koHlelo Lokudweba Kwama-Clock Ukuqhathaniswa Nalokho Okuhlolwa Okujwayelekile Kwezifo Ze-Alzheimer: Imiphumela Evela Esifundweni SeBrazil Esikhulile Nezizinda Ezifundisayo Zama-Heterogeneous.
> Juby, A., Tench, S., no Baker, i-Canadian Medical Journal Association. Ukubaluleka kokudweba kwe-Clock ekuboneni ukungasebenzi kokusebenza okubambisene nabantu abanobuchwepheshe obunzima bokuhlolwa kwe-state-mental mentals.
> Lessig, M., Scanlan J., Nazemi, H., noBorson, S. International Psychogeriatrics. Isikhathi Esitshelayo: Iziphambeko Ezibucayi-Ukudweba Iwashi Lokuhlolwa Kwe-Dementia.