Umdlavuza we-Lung yiyona imbangela ehamba phambili yabesilisa nabesifazane e-United States. Kungenzeka ucabanga ukuthi ukuyeka ukuyeka ukuyeka ukuzwa lapho uzwa lezi zinombolo, kodwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu akukaze upheze yiwona wesithupha oholela ekufeni kwabantu abahlobene nomdlavuza e-United States.
Ukwengeza ndawonye bobabili abangewona abokubhema nomdlavuza wamaphaphu nabantu ababhemayo abanezinye izici ezingozini zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kufanelekile ukubheka inkinga yomdlavuza wamaphaphu kusuka engeni ehlukile.
Singawunciphisa kanjani inani lokufa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ngaphandle kokukhuluma ngokuyeka ukubhema? Masikhulume ngezindlela eziyishumi esingaqala ukunciphisa ukubulawa komdlavuza wamaphaphu namuhla ngaphandle kokuyeka ukubhema.
(Kulabo abafisa ukufunda kabanzi mayelana nogwayi nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, hlola lesi sihloko esibanzi ngokubhema nomdlavuza wamaphaphu .)
Khumbula ukuthi i-Cancer Lung Isifo Sokubhema
Ukuze ukhulume ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu ngaphandle kokukhipha ukubhema kungase kubonakale kungamanga. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukubhema kubangelwa amagciwane amaningi amaphaphu. Ukuyeka ukubhema kubalulekile futhi enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu esingayenza ekunciphiseni ukufa ukusiza abantu ukukhipha lo mkhuba.
Kodwa-ke, ngisho noma ukubhema kuphelile namhlanje, sisazoba nokubulawa komdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi ukuyeka ukubhema ngeke kuqedwe ukufa komdlavuza wamaphaphu . Esinye sezizathu ezinkulu, ukuthi yizimbangela zomdlavuza wamaphaphu ngaphandle kokubhema.
Ngisho phakathi kwabantu ababhemayo kukhona izinto ezengeziwe ezandisa noma ezinciphisa amathuba azoba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Esinye isizathu esikhulu ukuthi abantu abaningi abakha umdlavuza wamaphaphu namuhla ababhemi. Esikhundleni salokho, abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-50 abantu abahlakulela umdlavuza wamaphaphu bangaphambili ababhemayo. Kwabesifazane, amaphesenti angaba ngu-20 angakaze abhema.
Ukukhuluma ngokuyeka ukubhema kuyadumisa, kepha njengento eminingi "emihle" empilweni yethu, kungaba khona ukuphazamiseka. Lehlile ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu ukuthi ukutadisha izimbangela zomdlavuza wamaphaphu ngaphandle kokubhema, futhi ukusakazeka ngegama ngalezi zimbangela, kunganakwa noma kuvezwe yilo lonke ulwazi oluningi lokubhema. Njengoba siqhubeka sibheka izimbangela zamanye amagciwane-futhi ekutholeni lezi zici eziyingozi kubasiza abantu ukuba banciphise ingozi-kubonakala sengathi ngezinye izindlela ukuthi sibhekise iminwe yethu ekubhemeni ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu, sisula izandla zethu, futhi sithuthela .
Isibonelo sifanele ikhasi lamagama, ngakho-ke ake siqale ngesibonelo esisodwa sokugxila ekubhemeni kunciphise ukuqaphela kwesinye isizathu esibangelwa kakhulu somdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Inkinga Yokuxosha I-Cancer Lung njengoba Isifo Sokubhema
Kulabo abasamathela ekubhemeni ukubhema kuphela njengendlela yokunciphisa ukufa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, ake sibheke isibonelo se- radon nomdlavuza wamaphaphu .
I-Radon gas igesi elingenalutho, elingenambala, elikhiqizwa ukubola okuvamile kwe-uranium emhlabathini ngaphansi kwamakhaya ethu. Amazinga akhula ale gazi atholakala emakhaya angu-1 kwangu-15 e-United States, nasemhlabeni jikelele.
Lapho igesi ikhishwa emoyeni wangaphandle ngokushesha ushiya. Inkinga kwenzeka lapho leli gesi liboshwa emakhaya ethu.
Siyazi ukuthi ukudonsa i-radon kuyimbangela ehamba phambili yomdlavuza wamaphaphu kwabangewona abokubhema kanye nesizathu sesibili esiholela kubantu ababhema. Ukuvezwa okwamanje kuholela ekufeni kwabantu abangama-27,000 emdlavuza wamaphaphu minyaka yonke e-US kuphela.
Ukuze siqonde ukubaluleka komdlavuza wamaphaphu owenziwe nge-radon (isici esiyingozi, sibona, okuphezulu kakhulu kwabesifazane nezingane), ake siqhathanise lesi sifo kumdlavuza webele. Kukhona abantu abangaba ngu-40 000 ababulawa umdlavuza webele webele emnyakeni ngamunye ngonyaka we-US Uma ngabe sazi indlela yokuyihlola, futhi kamuva, susa imbangela yamaphesenti angama-75 emdlavuza webele, ucabanga ukuthi ngabe ngabe sesizwile?
Kodwa uhlola izinga le-radon ekhaya lakho , futhi uhlanganisa ukunciphisa i-radon uma kudingekile, kungase kuqedwe inani elifanayo lokufa.
I-Order Lung Cancer Screening Yonke Yona Efanelekayo
Uma ungumuntu obhemayo noma owake wayebhema, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola imihlahlandlela yokuhlolwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu . Uma wonke umuntu ofanelekile ukuhlolwa wayevivinywa, kucatshangwa ukuthi singanciphisa izinga lokufa emdlalweni wamaphaphu ngamaphesenti angu-20. Umuntu oyedwa kwabayisihlanu manje ohloselwe ukufa ngenxa yesifo angaphila.
Ukuhlolwa kunconywa ukuthi:
- Abantu abaneminyaka engama-55 no-80 ubudala
- Abantu abaqhubeka bebhema noma bayeke ukubhema eminyakeni engu-15 eyedlule
- Abantu ababhemile iminyaka engu-30 yepakethe noma ngaphezulu
- Abantu abangakwazi ukubekezelela ukuhlinzwa (noma imisebe egxilile) uma umdlavuza wamaphaphu wangaphambili utholakala
Nakuba lesi sihloko sibheka ngezindlela zokunciphisa ukufa okuvela emdlalweni wamaphaphu ngaphandle kokuyeka ukubhema, kuyaphawuleka ukuthi omunye "wemiphumela emibi" yokuhlolwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kuyinani elikhulayo lokuyeka ukubhema. Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza we-Lung kunikeza "umzuzwana ofundiswayo" futhi kutholakala ukuthi labo abane-CT ukuhlola kungase kube lula ukuyeka ukubhema kunelabo abangenayo ukuhlolwa.
Ungaxhomeki KuDokotela Wakho Ukuze Ufunde Nge-Lung Cancer Screening
Uyazi iziqondiso zokuhlolwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu? Uma ungenjalo, awuwedwa. Ucwaningo lwango-2016 lwathola ukuthi isigamu sabanakekeli abayinhloko babengazi nalokhu. Ngakho uma kuncike kudokotela wakho we-internist noma udokotela ukuze akufundise, amathuba akho 50:50 ukuthi uzokwazi ngalokhu.
Siyazi ukuthi abantu abaningi basabhema futhi ukuthi baningi ababhemayo ngaphambili. Kungenzeka ukuthi abakwa-internists abaningi babone okungenani abambalwa ababhemayo ngaphambili ababengakapheli usuku. Kodwa engaphansi kwesigamu odokotela abavotelayo babhekisele iziguli ezilodwa noma ngaphezulu ngenxa yokuhlolwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezingu-12 zangaphambili. Kunezizathu eziningi ezingenzeka lokhu. Abanye odokotela babonisa ukungaqiniseki ngokuqondene nokuhlolwa kwesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu, bezibuza ukuthi kungaba yini ngempela yokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila. Okunye okushiwo izinkinga zokuthola umshuwalense noma umonakalo ongase uhlobaniswe nokuhlola. (I-Medicare manje ihlanganisa ukuhlolwa.)
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yisiphi isizathu, lokhu kungenye isikhumbuzo sokuba ube ngummeli wakho wokunakekela impilo yakho. Funda mayelana nokuhlolwa kokuhlola okutholakala ukuze unqume ukuthi lezi zinto zingakusiza wena njengomuntu ngamunye, noma cha. Thatha isikhathi sokufunda kabanzi mayelana nokuphikisana komdlavuza wesifo samaphaphu .
Qonda ukuthi Izikhombandlela Zokuhlola I-Cancer Ngumsebenzi Ngumsebenzi Ekuthuthukisweni
Imikhombandlela yamanje esinayo yokuhlolwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu isuke ingentsha futhi iyaqhubeka ifundiswa.
Ucwaningo olusanda kutholakala ukuthi abantu abangamatshumi amathathu kuphela abahlelwe ukuthi babe nokuhlinzwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu bahlangabezana neziqondiso zokuhlola ukuze ngisho noma ngabe sihlolwe wonke umuntu ofanelekile, singaphuthelwa kaningi kancelisi.
Indawo eyodwa ecwaningwayo (kanye neziqondiso zingashintsha) yilokho abantu abayeka ukubhema eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-15 edlule. Siyazi ukuthi ababhemayo bebesengozini emashumini eminyaka kamuva futhi abantu abaningi bakhumbula ukuthi uPaul Newman wabulawa ngumdlavuza wamaphaphu eminyakeni engu-30 ngemuva kokushiya.
Kungenzeka ukuthi izinkombandlela zizonwetshwa ukuze abantu abayeke ukude esikhathini esidlule bafakiwe, kodwa okwamanje, khuluma nodokotela wakho uma uyeka eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-15 edlule kepha ukhathazekile. Izinkombandlela zenzelwe umphakathi jikelele, kodwa wena nodokotela wakho banganquma ukuthi kufanele uhlolwe ngaphandle kwale mihlahlandlela. Kulabo abaneCOPD, le ngxoxo ibaluleke nakakhulu, njengoba i- COPD iyingozi yokuzibulala umdlavuza wamaphaphu .
Yazi Izimpawu Zomdlavuza We-Lung - Ngisho Noma Ungakaze Ubheme!
Ngaphandle kokuba uhlangabezane nemigomo yokuhlolwa kwesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu, futhi uma ungakholelwa ukuthi unesimo esikhethekile esingaqinisekisa ukuhlola ngaphandle kwale mihlahlandlela, unendlela eyodwa yokuthola umdlavuza wamaphaphu ekuqaleni kwezigaba: wazi izimpawu.
Izifundo zisitshela ukuthi nakuba abantu abaningi bejwayele izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, iningi alikwazi ukubiza izimpawu ezintathu eziphezulu.
Ingxenye yalesi sizathu ukuthi izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza wamaphaphu ziye zashintsha eminyakeni yamuva, futhi ngaleyo ndlela, izimpawu.
Njengamanje, i- lung adenocarcinoma , uhlobo lomdlavuza wesifo samangqamu ongewona omncane wuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Lezi zomshukela zivame ukukhula emaphethelweni emaphaphu kude ne-airways, futhi ngaleyo ndlela, ayinamathuba okubangela ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo okuvamile noma ukukhwehlela igazi.
Ngamaphaphu adenocarcinomas (ngokuyisigabeni uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza kulabo abangabhemi, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu kubantu besifazane, kanye nohlobo oluvame kakhulu kubantu abasha abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu ) uphawu oluvame kakhulu ukuphefumula . Lokhu kuphefumula kungafika kancane kancane, okokuqala kuphela ngokuzivocavoca ngamandla. Kulula ukuqeda lesi sibonakaliso njengesibonakaliso sokuthi ulahlekile noma uneminyaka embalwa. Uma uthola ukuphefumula, ngisho noma uzizwa uhlobene nalawo amakhilogremu angu-10 owatholile, vakashela udokotela wakho.
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo somdlavuza zihlanganisa:
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo
- Ukushaya igazi
- Izifo ezijwayelekile ezifana ne-bronchitis noma i-pneumonia
- Ukuthuthumela
- Ukushisa
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungenalutho
- Ubuhlungu besifuba (abanye abantu abakuchaza ngokuthi ubuhlungu bephaphu )
- Ukuhlungu obusemhlane
- Ubuhlungu behlombe
Kunezinye izimpawu ezivame kakhulu, ezifana nokukhathala, izindwangu zegazi emilenzeni (inhlanzi ye-vein thrombosis), ngisho nokucindezeleka.
Ungalahleki Uma Unayo Izimpawu
Ukujwayela izimpawu zomdlavuza wamaphaphu yedwa, noma kunjalo, akwanele. Uma unesinye sezibonakaliso ezingenhla udinga ukuvakashela udokotela wakho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isikhathi esiphezulu phakathi kokuqala kwezimpawu kanye nokuxilongwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu okwamanje sekuyizinyanga ezingu-12. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi isikhathi sokuphindaphindiwe somdlavuza wamaphaphu singaphansi kwalokhu, lezo zinyanga ezingu-12 zingenza umehluko phakathi komdlavuza ongelapheki futhi ongelapheki.
Uma ungenayo incazelo ecacile mayelana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingenhla, qhubeka ukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Ungase ufise ukuthola umbono wesibili.
Ungathembi i-Negative Chest X-ray
Uma udokotela wakho eyala i-x-ray yesifuba futhi uzizwa ulungile, qhubeka ubuza imibuzo. Siye safunda ukuthi ama- x-rays esifubeni angabhekana namagciwane wengaphazi futhi ngokuvamile enza. Kwesinye isifundo esikhulu, kwafunyanwa ukuthi abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-25 abantu abatholakala benomdlavuza wamaphaphu beqinisekiswe ukuthi bane-x-ray evamile yesifuba ngonyaka odlule ukuxilongwa, futhi amantombazane angaphazamiseki amaphaphu aphethwe ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-40 e-radiology ngokungasebenzi izigwegwe ezibandakanya isifuba.
Yazi Izingozi Zakho Zakho
Uyazi ukuthi unomlando womndeni womdlavuza wamaphaphu uphakamisa ingozi yakho, noma ngabe awuzange upheze? Uyazi ukuthi unomdlavuza webele wesifuba esiwuzwa ngakho okuningi, i- BRCA2 iphakamisa ingozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu futhi? Uyazi ukuthi abesifazane abaningi bafa ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu kunomdlavuza wesifuba nokuthi amaphesenti angu-20 alaba besifazane akakaze athinte ugwayi?
Njengoba sifundile ngesifo somdlavuza webele, ukuqaphela izici zakho ezingozini kungakuxwayisa ukuthi ubuke izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abazi kangcono izici ezingozini zomdlavuza wamaphaphu kunezinye izici ezingozini zomdlavuza webele, nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi bazofa ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Funda Ngendlela Ongayinciphisa Ngengozi Yomdlavuza We-Lung Cancer
Siyazi ukuthi kunezindlela eziningi lapho abantu benganciphisa khona ingozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu akuhlangene nokubhema. Njengoba umdlavuza wamaphaphu uye waxhunyaniswa kakhulu ngokubhema, abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi ezinye zalezi zinyathelo-ngisho nalazo ezilula kakhulu.
- Hlola ikhaya lakho nge-radon
- Qaphela ngamakhemikhali asetshenziswa ekhaya nasemsebenzini. Kucatshangwa ukuthi amaphesenti angamaphesenti angama-27 emdlavuza wamaphaphu emadodeni ahlobene okungenani ngokungahambisani nokuhlushwa emsebenzini (funda ngezimbangela zomsebenzi we-cancer yomaphaphu )
- Ukuzivocavoca - Ngisho nemithi encane yokuzivocavoca, njengokulima ingadi ngesonto, kunganciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu
- Yidla ukudla okunomsoco - Hlola lezi zinto eziphezulu zokunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu
Support Lung Cancer Research noma Yiba Ummeli
Ukwakhiwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kuyadingeka ngezizathu eziningi. Omunye ukumane nje ukhulume. Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, bambalwa abantu abajwayele izimpawu zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, futhi bambalwa kakhulu abaye bezwa mayelana nokuhlolwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu. Kunesidingo esikhulu sokumane sisakaze izwi mayelana nomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Esinye isizathu sokusakaza igama wukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwenziwa. Isimo sengqondo jikelele ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu siye saba yingozi kakhulu, ngakho-ke iziguli kanye nodokotela bazo bazibuza ukuthi yini eyenza ngempela umehluko ukuhlolisisa lesi sifo ekuqaleni. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kuya ngcono. Izinga lokusinda lomdlavuza wamaphaphu ziyathuthuka. Mhlawumbe, uma umphakathi uqaphela lokhu, abantu bangase bavakashele odokotela babo ngezimpawu noma bacabangele ukuhlola.
Isizathu sokugcina sokumemezela ukuthi sidinga kakhulu imali. Ukumemezela kudonsela ngemali, okuphinde ixhase ucwaningo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Umdlavuza we-Lung uhlushwa ngemali ebuhlungu ngokwezinye izinhlobo ze-kansa kokubili ezingeni elizimele nelesidlangalaleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunabantu abambalwa abasindile ngaphandle ukuhamba futhi bagijimele ukuphakamisa ukusekelwa. Kulabo abangenawo umdlavuza wamaphaphu ukwenza umehluko empilweni yalabo abaphila nomdlavuza wamaphaphu namuhla, nalabo abazophila nomdlavuza wamaphaphu esikhathini esizayo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungaba kanjani ummeli womdlavuza wamaphaphu .
Imithombo:
Fintelmann, F., Bernheim, A., Digumarthy, S. et al. I-Pillars engu-10 yokuhlola i-Lung Cancer: Ukulinganisa nokuHlelwa kweHlelo lokuHlola i-Lung Cancer. Radiographics . 2015. 35 (7): 1893-908.
Dlula i-HI. Izimiso Nezenzo Ze-Cancer Lung: I-Official Reference Text ye-IASLC. I-Philadelphia: I-Wolters Kluwer Health / Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010. Phrinta.
Pedersen, J., Tonnessen, P., noH. H. Ashraf. Ukuqeda ukubhema nokuhlolwa kwesifo somdlavuza. Ama-Annal of Medicational Medicine . 2016. 4 (8): 157.
Raz, D., Wu, G., Consunji, M. et al. Imibono kanye nokusetshenziswa kocwaningo lwegciwane lesifo sengculazi Phakathi kwabaPhakathi abaNakekeli bokuNakekela. I-Journal ye-Thoracic Oncology . 2016. 11 (11): 1856-1862.