Uma uthola ukuthi une- COPD , cishe unemibuzo eminingi kudokotela wakho mayelana nesifo. Yini ebangela yona? Kuphathwa kanjani? Kuyini ukuphawula kwakho? Uhlu lungabonakala lungapheli. Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi yimiphi imibuzo okumele uyibuze, cabangela uhlu olulandelayo lwemibuzo ethize (nezimpendulo) ongaxoxa ngazo nodokotela wakho ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwakho okulandelayo.
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Yini i-COPD?Uma ubuza lo mbuzo, cishe uzofunda ukuthi i-COPD iyisifo esingenakuphulukiswa, kodwa esingavikelwayo futhi esingasikhathazeka esithinta nezinye izinhlelo emzimbeni wakho.
Lesi sifo siqhubeka, okusho ukuthi ngokuvamile siba sibi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kuze kube manje, ayikho imithi efakazelwe ukwandisa ukusinda ku-COPD.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukuphela kokubhema, ukwelashwa oksijini (okusetshenziselwa amahora angu-15 noma ngaphezulu ngosuku) nokuvuselelwa kwamaphalenda kunganciphisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-COPD.
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Yini eyenza iCOPD?Nakuba ukubhema kuyiyona imbangela eyodwa ye-COPD , udokotela wakho cishe uzokuchazela ukuthi kunezinye izici eziyingozi okufanele zicatshangelwe nazo. Ezinye zalezi zici eziyingozi zivamile, kanti ezinye azivamile.
Ukuqaphela ukuthi izifo ezibangelwa isifo kungasiza kanjani ekutholeni ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa okusheshayo ngoba iziguli ezikwazi ukubhekana nezingozi zingase zibuze imibuzo yazo ye-COPD ngaphambi kokuba zitholwe.
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Ngingayithola Kanjani I-COPD Uma Ngingakaze Ngibhema?Ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, ukubhema akuyona imbangela kuphela ye-COPD . Udokotela wakho uzoqinisekisa ukuthi ababhemayo abangeke bakwazi ukuthuthukisa lesi sifo. Eqinisweni, ezinye izifundo zikhomba ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angu-25 alabo abatholakale benesifo se-COPD abakaze bapheze.
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Kuyini Isibikezelo Sami?Nakuba kungekho muntu ongakwazi ukubikezela ngokunembile isikhathi sakho sokuphila ngemuva kokuxilongwa kwe-COPD, ukuchazwa kwesifo kuncike ezintweni eziningana-okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi ngabe usubhema noma cha.
Uma uqhubeka ukubhema ngemuva kokuxilongwa, umsebenzi wakho wamaphaphu uzokwehla ngokushesha futhi lesi sifo sizoqhubekela phambili ngokushesha kunokuba uma ufanele ukuyeka ngokuphelele. Ezinye izici ezihlobene nokuphila kwesikhathi se-COPD yizinga lakho lokuvimbela umoya , izinga lakho le-dyspnea , i-body body index index (BMI), nokubekezela kwakho kokuzivocavoca .
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Kungani Kufanele Ngiyeke Ukubhema Uma Nginayo I-COPD?Ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungani kufanele uyeke ukubhema uma uphelele amashumi eminyaka futhi umonakalo wamaphaphu akho usuvele usuwenzile.
Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bavumelana, Nokho, ukuthi ukuyeka kuyinto yokwelashwa kokuqala kwe-COPD. Eqinisweni, ezinye izifundo zikhomba ukuthi umsebenzi wamaphaphu wehla emva kokuqeda ukubhema empeleni kuvamile, ukwehla ngesilinganiso esifanayo nanoma ubani omunye wesilisa ofanayo, ubudala, ukuphakama, nesisindo.
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Yiziphi Imiphumela Zesivivinyo Sami Somoya?I-Spirometry iyivivinyo lomsebenzi we-pulmonary elisetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-COPD futhi inqume ukuqina kwayo. Okufanelekile, udokotela wakho kufanele akuchaze kahle imiphumela yakho ngendlela ongawaqonda ngayo. Ngeshwa, lokhu akukwenzeka njalo.
Kunezilinganiso ezintathu ezilinganiselwe ku-spirometry ezibaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni ukuxilongwa kwe-COPD: amandla akho abalulekile okuphoqelelwe (FVC), ivolumu yakho yokuphefumula ephoqelelwe ngomzuzwana owodwa (FEV1) kanye nesilinganiso se-FEV1 yakho kuya ku-FVC yakho ( FEV1 / FVC ). Ukuqapha imiphumela yakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kusiza udokotela wakho ukuba anqume ukuthi i-COPD yakho iyathuthuka, ihlala efanayo, noma ihamba kakhulu.
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Ngisiphi Isigaba Ngingena?Ngokusho kwe-Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease, i-COPD ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezine: mnene , ulinganise , unzima futhi unzima kakhulu . Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa imiphumela yakho ye-spirometry ukuze anqume ukuthi yisiphi isimo sesimo ongenazo.
Noma kunjalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isiphi isigaba sakho sokuthi uhlaziyo olusemthethweni luthi, lesi sifo sithinta wonke umuntu ngokuhlukile. Yeka ukuthi uzizwa kanjani kahle nokuthi umsebenzi ongazibekezelela kangakanani uncike ezintweni eziningana, kufaka phakathi ukuthi ungaqhubeka yini ukubhema noma cha, ukuthi ungakanani umsebenzi owenzayo kanye nohlobo lokudla odlayo.
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Ingabe Kufanele Ngibe Oxygen?Akuwona wonke umuntu ophethe i-COPD adinga oksijini okungeziwe. Udokotela wakho uzokala inani le-oksijini egazini lakho ngokuthatha igazi emthonjeni osesandleni sakho bese uyithumela ebhodini lokuhlaziywa, noma ngokusebenzisa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-pulse oximeter.
Umgomo jikelele we-COPD ukwelashwa ukugcina izinga lakho lokugcwalisa oksijini ngaphezu kwama-88%. Uma kuqhubeka njalo kwehla ngaphansi kwalokhu, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi uqale ukwelapha oksijini.
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Ngingazivimbela Kanjani Izifo Zami Ngokuzivuselela?Buza udokotela ukuthi yini ongayenza ukuze ugcine isifo sakho singabi nakakhulu. Njengoba sikhulume ngaphambili, ukuyeka ukubhema kuyinhloko eyodwa uma ubhema. Kodwa, ukuyeka ukubhema kuyisinyathelo sokuqala kuphela. Ukuhlanganisa ezinye izinguquko ezibalulekile zokuphila nakho kubalulekile.
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Ingabe Ukuhlinzwa Kungisiza Ngiphile Kude Futhi Ngizizwe Ngcono?Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuyindlela yokukhetha iqembu elincane leziguli ezihlangabezana nezinqubo eziqondile kakhulu.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokuhlinzwa kwamaphaphu udokotela angase akhulume nawe uma izimpawu zakho zinzima ngokwanele futhi usufinyelele izigaba eziphambili kakhulu zesifo: i-bullectomy, ukuhlinzwa kokunciphisa ivolumu yamaphaphu, nokufakelwa kwamaphaphu .
Ukuba nokufakelwa kwamaphaphu kungathuthukisa ikhwalithi yakho yokuphila futhi kukuvumela ukuba wenze imisebenzi eminingi, kepha ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu akukaze kuboniswe ukwandisa isikhathi eside sokuphila (iminyaka emihlanu noma ngaphezulu) ku-COPD. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izinga lokusinda isikhathi esifushane labagulayo be-COPD abahamba ngamapayipi aphakathi kwamaphesenti angu-80 kuya kwangu-90 futhi baqhubeka nokuthuthukisa.
Umthombo:
U-Aziz F et al. Ukufakelwa kwamangqamuzana ezigulini ze-chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD) ekupheleni kwesiteji: ukubuyekezwa okufingqiwe. I-Journal ye-Thoracic Disease. I-Vol. 2, No. 2 (June 2010).