Isifo se-Chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD) sihlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine ngokwendlela eqinile, kanti i-COPD elinganisiwe ibhekwa isigaba II sesifo.
Sibutsetelo se-COPD ejwayelekile
Uma uthola ukuthi une-COPD elinganisiwe, ngokusho kwe-Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), ivolumu yakho yokuphefumula (FEV1) yokulinganisela okubambe iqhaza (FVC)-njengoba kulinganiswa nokuhlolwa okulula kwamaphaphu okubizwa ngokuthi i- spirometry - kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-70; futhi i-FEV1 yakho kufanele ibe phakathi kwamaphesenti angu-50 kanye namaphesenti angu-79 wamanani abikezelwe abantu abanempilo.
Uma usufinyelele isigaba II, cishe uvele uqaphele izimpawu zakho-ikakhulukazi ukuphefumula okubuhlungu kakhulu emsebenzini. Ungase futhi uqale uqaphele ukuthi ukhwehlela ngaphezulu futhi unamasiki amaningi kunalokho okwenza njalo.
Ungase uzibuze ukuthi i-COPD yesigaba esilinganiselwe II iphathwa kanjani ngokuhlukile kunezinye izigaba. Ngenhlanhla, i-GOLD inezinkombandlela zokwelapha kuzo zonke izigaba ze-COPD futhi njengoba isifo sakho siqhubeka, izinketho zokwelashwa ziyozenezwa ngomzamo wokuphatha kangcono izimpawu zakho.
Ukwelapha
Lena yimihlahlandlela yokwelashwa ephakanyisiwe yesigaba sesi-II, i-COPD elinganisiwe:
Ukuyeka ukubhema
Kungani uyeka ukubhema uma usuvele unayo i-COPD? Ukuyeka ukubhema kungumgomo owodwa wenqubo yokwelapha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhamba kangakanani naso ohlelweni lwesifo. Ukuyeka kuleli sigaba kunganciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-COPD okukuvumela ukuthi uphile izinga eliphakeme lokuphila uphile isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izinzuzo eziningi zezempilo zokuyeka.
I-Flu ne-Pneumonia Vaccines
Imihlahlandlela ye-GOLD iphakamisa imishanguzo yesifo sofuba kanye ne-pneumonia kuzo zonke izigaba zezokwelapha ze-COPD. Ukushaywa komkhuhlane kusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yokukhuphuka kwe- COPD , kanti ukugonywa kwe-pneumonia kusiza ukuvimbela i- pneumonia yebhaktheriya, imbangela evamile yokukhuphuka kwe-COPD.
I-Bronchodilators Yesikhashana
Ama- bronchodilator amancane asebenza ngokushelelayo ngokuvamile abizwa ngokuthi yi- rescue inhalers .
Imithi efana ne-albuterol ne-Proventil kunconywa ngesisekelo esidingekayo sokuphatha izimpawu ze-COPD eziqhubekayo noma eziqhubekayo.
I-Bronchodilators Yesikhathi eside
Ama-bronchodilator asebenza isikhathi eside ahloselwe ukusiza abantu abane-COPD ukuvimbela noma ukunciphisa izimpawu. Le mithi ngokuvamile yengezwe ekwelashweni uma ufinyelela isigaba II, i-COPD elinganisiwe. Ngokusho kwe-GOLD, ukuhlanganisa ama-bronchodilators ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zesenzo kungasebenza kakhulu kunokusebenzisa i-bronchodilator eyodwa kuphela, nemiphumela emibi kakhulu kunokwandisa umthamo we-inhaler eyodwa.
Izibonelo zama-bronchodilator ezinendlela ezahlukene zokusebenza zibandakanya ama-beta-agonists asebenza isikhathi eside njengePeromomist (formoterol), i-Arcapta Neohaler (indacaterol), ne-olodaterol, kanye ne- anticholinergics njenge-Serevent (salmeterol), i-Atrovent (ipratropium bromide), ne- Spiriva ( i-tiotropium bromide).
Ukuvuselelwa kwePulmonary
Ukuvuselelwa kwepulmonary isebenzisa lonke ithimba lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze libheke ezindaweni ezahlukene zokwelashwa kwakho. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukuvuselela i-pulmona kusiza ukunciphisa izimpawu, kuthuthukise izinga lakho lokuphila, kunciphisa ukuhlukaniswa komphakathi, nokwandisa ukusinda. Uhlelo ngokuvamile luhlanganisa inhlanganisela yokuwina yokuqeqesha umzimba, izondlo, imfundo, kanye nokwelulekwa ukuze kusize ukufinyelela imigomo yayo.
Ukudla okunempilo
Ukudla okunempilo kuvame ukunganaki lapho uhlela uhlelo lwezokwelapha. Ukudla okunomsoco akusizi nje ukuthi ubheke futhi uzizwe kangcono, kuzokunika amandla engeziwe okudinga usuku lwakho bese uphefumula kalula. Ukudla ukudla okunempilo kunganciphisa ingozi yakho yokutheleleka kwamaphaphu , imbangela evamile yokukhushulwa kwe-COPD.
> Umthombo
> I-Global Initiative Yokuvimbela Izifo Zengculazi (GOLD). I-GOLD 2017 Isu Lomhlaba Wonke Wokuhlola, Ukuphathwa Nokuvimbela I-COPD.