Izifo Nezinkinga Zokugaya (Lokhu akuzona IBD)
Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla lusiza ukuba uthathe izakhi zomzimba kusuka ekudleni kwakho bese uthanda lokho okusele. Njengoba kunikezwa ukuthi wonke umuntu udla (futhi ukhonta), konke lokhu kubonakala kunengqondo ngokuqondile. Ngeshwa, izinto ngezinye izikhathi zihamba kahle.
Kunzima (futhi kungeluleki) ukuba uqale ukuqagela ngokuthi yini okukuthinta, ngaphandle kokuthi utholakale ngokomzimba. Izifo eziningi zokugaya nezifo eziningi ziqukethe izimpawu, noma ama-nuances okungenzeka akunakwenzeka kuwe.
Uma okuthile kuguquka ngokugaya, kubalulekile ukubeka noma yimaphi izimpawu noma izimpawu ngendlela efanele. Isikhathi esithile esithile singase siphathwe ngendlela yokuguqula indlela yokuphila njengokudla i-fiber ngaphezulu, ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, noma ukuzisebenzisa. Isibonakaliso esiphuthumayo, ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuphuma kwegazi, kusho ukuthi uzobona udokotela ngokushesha futhi uthole ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa.
Ngemuva kokuthi iziphi izimpawu zesisu ziqale, isinyathelo sokuqala ngaso sonke isikhathi senza i-aphoyintimenti yokubona umhlinzeki wezempilo futhi uthole usizo ukuthola ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo.
Yeka ukuthi Izifo Ezihlukahlukene Zitholakala kanjani
I-Diverticulitis: Izimpawu, Izimpawu, Nezinkinga
Kwezinye izimo, inkinga yokugaya ingase idingeke ukudluliselwa kumchwepheshe wezitshalo zokugaya ukudla, okuyisifo se- gastroenterologist .
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, kuyoba usizo ukuthola umuzwa wezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zokugaya ukudla ezikhona nokuthi zibandakanya yini, kanye nezinye izimpawu ezijwayelekile ezingase zisho ukuthi enye yalezi zinkinga ingaba nethonya kuwe.
Izimpawu ze-Red Flag Digestive Symptoms
Nakuba izinkinga eziningi zokugaya ukudla akuzona eziphuthumayo, kunezinye izimpawu okufanele ziphathwe ngokukhathazeka okwengeziwe. Noma yisiphi isikhathi lapho igazi eliningi lidluliswa ngokunyakaza kwamathumba , noma ukuphuma kwegazi akumi, lesi sizathu esihle sokuya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo.
Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ikakhulu uma kunezinye izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukuhlanza, ukuphelelwa amandla, noma isifo sohudo noma akukho ukunyakaza kwamathumba nhlobo, ezinye izizathu zokufuna ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ngokushesha noma ukubiza i-ambulensi.
Kubantu abaye bathola ukuthi banezifo zokugaya, ezifana nesifo sofuba esisifo (IBD, noma isifo sikaCrohn noma isifo sofuba esiswini), sinquma uma uphawu kufanele lisho ukutshela udokotela noma uhambo oluya emnyangweni ophuthumayo kungaba nzima isinqumo. Izimpawu ezinjengokuphazamiseka, ubuhlungu obukhulu, noma eziningi zegazi kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo, kanti i-ER izoba yindawo engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa ngokushesha. Ukuze uthole izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokuqala kokuqala, ezifana nokuhuda noma ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukushayela isifo senzosi yokugaya isinqumo sokuthi yini okufanele ukwenze kungase kube isinyathelo sokuqala esingcono kakhulu.
Ukuguquka kombala we-Stool
Umbala wokunyakaza kwamathumbu uvame ukuthonywa ukudla. Kwezinye izimo, ukudla ukudla okunemibala eqinile (kungaba yemvelo noma yokufakelwa) kungabangela ushintsho okwesikhashana kumbala wesitoreji.
Uma ukuguqulwa kombala wesitokisi kulandelwa emuva kokudla noma ukwesekwa, ngokuvamile akusikho isizathu sokukhathazeka. Uma ushintsho lombala lwesitokisi luqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa noma alukwazi ukuchazwa ukudla, kungaba yisikhathi sokubheka esinye isizathu.
Endabeni yokusola ukuphuma, udokotela kufanele abonakale ngokushesha, ngisho nakubantu abanesimo esivame ukubangela ukuphuma kwegazi, njengesifo sokuvuvukala kwesifo noma isifo se-diverticular. Eminye imibala ye-stool engabangelwa ukudla, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi isifo sesifo sokugaya noma isimo, faka:
- Izihlalo ze-Orange
- Izitembu ezibomvu
- Izigqoko ezimnyama
- Izitshalo ezihlaza
- Izigxobo zombala noma zobumba
Ukushintsha Kwamavolumu E-Stool
Uhudo nokuqothulwa yizinkinga ezivamile, futhi kwenzeka kuwo wonke umuntu ngezikhathi ezithile. Ezimweni eziningi, isizathu esingeke sitholakale sohudo noma ukuqothulwa, futhi sizophela sodwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa okhethekile. Endabeni yesifo sohudo, abanye abantu bangase bakhululeke ukushintsha ukudla kwabo okwesikhashana kuze kube yilapho izihlalo ezidlulayo zidlula.
Ukuqothulwa, ukudla i-fiber, amanzi okuphuza, noma ukuthola ukuvivinya umzimba kungase kube nenkohliso. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isifo sohudo noma ukuqothulwa, uma kuqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa noma kugcina kwenzeka ngisho nangemva kokwenza izinguquko zokudla nokuphila, ukubona umhlinzeki wezempilo kuyisinyathelo esilandelayo.
Uma ukuqotshwa noma isifo sohudo kuhambisane nomkhuhlane, ukuphuma kwamanzi, noma ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, udokotela kufanele axoxwe. Nakulokhu, udokotela kufanele enze isincomo mayelana nemithi yokwehlisa ukuhamba komzimba noma ukuwavuselela, njengoba izidakamizwa ezingaphezu kwamakhomitha zingase zingafaneleki noma zisebenzise nezimo ezithile (njengezinhlobo ezithile ze-IBD noma ukutheleleka kwamagciwane).
I-Heartburn ne-GERD
Isifo senhliziyo noma isifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal (GERD) yinkinga lapho isisulu ngaphansi kwesiguli , i-sphincter esezansi ephansi (LES), ayisebenzi ngendlela efanele. I-LES kufanele igweme isisu esiswini ekuphumeni esiswini nasendlini, futhi uma ingenjalo, i-asidi ingabangela izimpawu zokuphuza, njengokushisa noma ukungakhululeki.
Ngisho noma ukuqubuka kwenhliziyo kuvele kwenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa, kufanele kukhulunywe nodokotela ngoba ukuguqulwa ekudleni noma eminye imishanguzo engaphezu kwe-counter kungase kukwazi ukumisa izimpawu noma ukuvimbela ukuba bangenzeki kuqala.
Ukuphuza ukuphuza ngokweqile akuyona imbangela yokukhathazeka. Noma kunjalo, uma kwenzeka kaningi (okungaphezu kwezikhathi ezimbili ngesonto), kungaba ngu- GERD . I-GERD idinga ukwelashwa ngoba, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isisu esiswini singalimaza i-LES kanye ne-esophagus. Ezimweni eziningi, i-GERD ingahlolwa ngudokotela ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okuningi futhi ingaphathwa ngokuphumelelayo ngemithi eminingi noma imishanguzo .
Ulcer Peptic noma Ulcer Isisu
Isilonda siyiphuphu esikhunjeni noma i-membrane ye-mucus yesilwane esibangela isifo esibi, nesilonda se-peptic sisifo esiswini noma engxenyeni yokuqala yamathumbu amancane (i-duodenum). Izilonda eziningi ze-peptic zibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamabhaktheriya okuthiwa i- Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ). Isizathu sesibili esivamile sezilonda zamapulisi sithatha izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (NSAIDs) ngosuku noma izikhathi eziningana ngesonto. Ngokuvamile kakhulu, kwesinye sezigidi zabantu, izilonda ze-peptic zingase zihlotshaniswe nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES), esibangela izicubu endleleni yokugaya.
Ngoba isilonda singabangela ezinye izinkinga ezinkulu , ezifana nokuphuma kwamanzi noma umgodi esiswini noma emathunjini amancane (i-perforation), izilonda zidinga ukwelashwa. Ukuxilongwa kwesilonda se-peptic kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa i- endoscopy engenayo -ukuhlolwa okuvamile okwenziwe ukuze kubheke izinkinga ezingxenyeni eziphezulu zokugaya (isisu nesisu). Ithuluzi eliguquguqukayo elibizwa ngokuthi i-endoscope lidlulile ngaphakathi kwesisu nangesisu. Iziguli zinikezwa izidakamizwa futhi zilele phakathi nalesi sivivinyo, ngakho ngeke zikhumbule noma zizwe noma yini. Uma kwenzeka izilonda ezibangelwa i- H. pylori , ama-antibiotics kanye neminye imithi, njenge-acid reducers, iyobekwa ukuba iphathe izimpawu futhi ibulale amabhaktheriya.
I-Gastritis
Igama elithi gastritis lisho ukuthi uhlaka lwesisu luvutha. Isilonda esiswini senza i-mucus nezinye izinto ezikuvikela kuma-aces digestive. Lapho uhlaka luvutha, isisu sikhiqiza i-mucus encane ngakho-ke asikwazi ukuzivikela. I-Gastritis ibuye ibangele ukuthi izimbangela zesisu zikhiqize ambalwa ama-acids evamile nama-enzyme asetshenziselwa ukugaya. Izimpawu ze-gastritis zingabandakanya ubuhlungu besisu (esiswini sangasese), ukuhlushwa, ukuhlanza, ukuhlanza, nezithunzi ezimnyama, kodwa abanye abantu abanakho izimpawu. Izimbangela ze-gastritis zifaka ukutheleleka ngama-bacterium H. pylori , ukusetshenziswa kwama-NSAID, nokuphuza utshwala. Abantu abanesifo sikaCrohn esithinta isisu bangase bahlakulele isisu .
I-Gastritis ingatholakala nge-endoscopy engenhla. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-gastritis: eziyingozi futhi ezingenakwenzeka. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-gastritis eyingozi ingabangela ukuba isilonda sesisu sibe yingozi futhi izilonda zingakha. I-Gastritis ivame ukuphathwa ngemithi yokunciphisa isisu esiswini ( antacids , H2 blockers , neproton pump inhibitors ). Uma i-gastritis ibangelwa esinye isimo, njenge-Crohn's disease, ukuphatha le nkinga kungase kuthuthukiswe isifo sofuba.
I-Gastroparesis
I-Gastroparesis yinkinga lapho ukudla kuhamba khona kancane, noma cha, kusukela esiswini kuya emathunjini amancane . Ezimweni eziningi, aziwa ukuthi kungani umuntu edala i-gastroparesis, kodwa ezinye izimbangela eziyaziwayo zihlanganisa isifo sikashukela , isifo sika-Parkinson, isifo se- multiple sclerosis , noma ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambili endleleni yokugaya ukudla. Isibindi esinesibopho sokuhambisa ukudla ndawonye sibizwa ngokuthi i- vagus nerve , futhi uma le nerve ibonakalisiwe, njengesibonelo sikashukela esingalawulwa, i-gastroparesis ingenzeka. I-Gastroparesis ivame kakhulu kubesifazane, futhi izimpawu zingabandakanya ukuzwa okugcwele ngemva kokudla, ukuhlanza, i-GERD, ukuvuvukala, nokuhlungu kwesisu (ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu).
Ukuhlolwa kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo ezahlukene ezihlukahlukene, ezingabandakanya ukuphela kwe-endoscopy ne- GI uchungechunge oluphezulu , phakathi kwabanye. I-Gastroparesis yisimo esingapheli, okusho ukuthi izimpawu zingathuthuka futhi zibuye futhi. Uma i-gastroparesis ihlotshaniswa nesifo sikashukela, ukuguqulwa kokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela ukuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kweshukela kwegazi kungadingeka. Ngezinye izimbangela ze-gastroparesis, eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yemithi ehlukahlukene ingase isetshenziselwe ukugqugquzela imisipha ehambisa ukudla ngaphakathi esiswini bese ingena emathunjini amancane. Abanye abantu bangase badinge ushintsho ekudleni kwabo, okungahlanganisa noma yini ekudleni ukudla okuncani kokusebenzisa uketshezi oluketshezi okwesikhashana, noma ngisho nokuthola umsoco nge-IV.
Ama-gallstones
Ama-gallstones avamile futhi athambekele ekuthinteni abesifazane ngaphezu kwamadoda. I-gallbladder iyisitho esincane esihlangene nesibindi esilondoloza ubhiya . Ama-gallstones angakha uma i-bile ingenalo ukuhlushwa okulungile kwe-salts, i-cholesterol, ne-bilirubin. Ama-gallstones angashintsha kakhulu ngobukhulu (kusukela okusanhlamvu wesihlabathi kuya ku-golfball) futhi angakwazi ukuhamba ngenombolo kusuka kumunye kuya kumakhulu. Abantu abasengozini yokuthuthukisa ama-gallstones bahlanganisa abesifazane, abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40, labo abakhuluphele kakhulu, labo abalahlekelwe isisindo esikhulu, nalabo abanezinye izimo zokugaya ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn .
Abantu abaningi abanama-gallstones abanalo izimpawu, kodwa izigulane zingabangela ubuhlungu ngemva kokudla okungadlulela amahora amaningana, i-nausea, ukuhlanza, i- jaundice , nezigqoko ezimibalabala. Ama-gallstones anamathele emadayini we-bile angabangela ukuvuvukala kwe-gallbladder nokuvuvukala emideni, gallbladder, noma isibindi. Ukuvuvukala kwe-pancreas ( pancreatitis ) kungenzeka uma ukuvinjelwa kubonakala kuhambo olulodwa lwebhala okuthiwa i-biling buct evamile. Ukwelashwa kwama-gallstones okubangela izimpawu ngokuvamile yi- cholecystectomy , okuwukukhishwa kwe-gallbladder. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kungenziwa nge- laparoscopically , okusho ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa kuphela ukucubungula okuncane kanye nokwelula okusheshayo.
Izifo Ezihlukahlukene
Izifo ezihlukahlukene zifaka kokubili i-diverticulosis ne-diverticulitis. I-Diverticulosis yilapho ukuphuma okuncane okwenzeka ngaphakathi kodonga lwangaphakathi le- colon (intombazane enkulu) . Lapho i-outcropping igciwane noma igwetshiwe, lokho kuyaziwa ngokuthi i-diverticulitis. Abantu abasengozini yezifo ezihlukahlukene bahlanganisa labo abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 kanye nabantu abahlala emazweni lapho ukudla kuhlanganisa fiber encane, njenge-United States, i-United Kingdom ne-Australia. Abantu abaningi abane-diverticula emakoloni abo abanalo izimpawu, kodwa labo abakwenzayo bangabhekana nobuhlungu, ukuphuma kwegazi, kanye nokushintsha kwemikhuba yezinyosi.
I-Diverticulitis ayivamile (kwenzeka ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-5 kuphela abantu abanezifo ze-diverticula), kodwa ingaholela kwezinye izinkinga, ezifana ne- abscess (indawo enegciwane egcwele i-pus), i- fistula (ukuxhumana okungavamile phakathi kwezitho ezimbili) , i-peritonitis (ukutheleleka kwesisu), noma i- perforation (imbobo) emathunjini. Ukubona i-gastroenterologist yokwelapha njalo nokuqapha kuyasiza. Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila ezivame ukuphakanyiswa ekulawuleni i-diverticulosis zidla i-fibre ngaphezulu futhi zithatha ukwesekwa kwe-fiber.
Izifo zeCeliac
Isifo se-Celiac (esasijwayele ukubizwa ngokuthi i-celiac sprue) sasicatshangwa njengesifo sesisane, kodwa sekuyaziwa manje ukuthi isimo sempilo sokuthi abantu "abahlali." I-Gluten uhlobo lwama-protein atholakala ngokoloyi, ibhali, ne-rye. Abantu abanesifo se-celiac banempendulo ye-autoimmune uma bedla ukudla okuqukethe gluten, okungabangela izinkinga zokugaya ukudla futhi kubangele izimpawu eziningi ngaphandle kwegciwane lokugaya. Uma isifo se-celiac sikhishwa, udokotela angase ahlole njengokuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kofuzo, noma i- biopsies evela emathunjini amancane ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa noma ukuyilawula.
Ukwelashwa kwe-celiac kugwema i-gluten, engasiza ukuphatha izimpawu. Ukudla okungekho gluten kungcono kakhulu kwenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa nokuqondiswa kwesidlo sokudla esibhalisiwe. Uma i-gluten ingekho ekudleni, iningi labantu lizizwa lihle. Ukudla okungenayo i-gluten kuba lula ukusekela, ngokudalwa kokudla okusha, ukudayiswa kwamakethe kanye ne-gluten ngokubhalwe ngokucacile ekupakheni kokudla.
Izwi elivela
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule uma unayo izimpawu zokugaya ukudla ukuthi izinkinga eziningi azizona ezingathí sina futhi zingaphathwa kahle. Isihluthulelo ukubona udokotela ngokushesha (noma ngokushesha uma kukhona izimpawu zombala obomvu) ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa. Ukungazinaki izikhalazo zokugaya kungabangela ukuwohloka kwezibonakaliso, yingakho ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa ngokushesha kunokwenzeka kubalulekile. Ngokushesha inkinga iboniswa, uhlelo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha lungenziwa futhi izimpawu zakho zingalawulwa.
> Imithombo:
> I-National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. "Incazelo kanye namaqiniso okuphikisa i-Diverticulosis ne-Diverticulitis." May 2016. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/diverticulosis-diverticulitis/Pages/definition-facts.aspx
> I-National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. "Incazelo kanye namaqiniso we-GER ne-GERD." I-National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. 13 Nov 2014. http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/gerd/#5
> I-National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. "Ukuxilongwa kwezifo zeCeliac." 16 Juni 2016. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/celiac-disease/Pages/diagnosis.aspx
> I-National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. "Ama-gallstones." I-National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. 13 Nov 2014. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/gallstones/pages/facts.aspx
> I-National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. "Gastroparesis." I-National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. 13 Nov 2014. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/gastroparesis/pages/facts.aspx