Lapho wena noma othandekayo uthola ukuthi une-chronic obstructive disease pulmonary (COPD), into eqinisekile ukuthi impilo izoshintsha. Izici zalesi sifo zithinta zonke izindawo zompilo wesiguli, kubandakanya ikhono lokusebenza nokujabulela imisebenzi yomphakathi. Uma ungumngane, ilunga lomndeni, noma umqaphi womuntu onomuntu ophethe i-COPD, ukuqaphela izinga lemikhawulo ebekwe yilesi sifo nokwazi ukuthi ungenzani ukusiza ngamathuluzi ayigugu ukuba abe ne-toolkit yakho ye-COPD.
Uma unakekela umuntu ozayo ekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe, kunezinkinga ezengeziwe okufanele uzicabangele.
Ungasiza kanjani
Nazi ezinye zezindlela ongasiza ngazo othandekayo wakho nge-COPD azizwe kangcono futhi aphile ikhwalithi ephakeme yokuphila.
Smoking Cessation
Ukushaya umkhuba wokubhema kuwukuqala komuntu umuntu ophethe i-COPD futhi enye yezindlela ezingcono zokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Nazi amathiphu ambalwa okusiza othandekayo wakho ayeke:
- Uma ubhema, ungabheyi ngaphakathi endlini noma noma ikuphi othandekayo wakho. Ukubhema kwentuthuko kubangela ukulimala kwamaphaphu okuqhubekayo futhi kunomthelela ekwandiseni i-COPD. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma othile ezama ukuyeka ukubhema, akukho lutho olwenqabela ukuzimisela kwakhe ukuyeka okungaphezu kwephunga lomuntu okhanyayo. Uma kufanele ubheme, yenza kanjalo ngaphandle uma othandekayo wakho engekho.
- Susa noma yini ehambisana nokubhema kombono wakho othandekayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ugwayi, amathretha, kanye nezibani.
- Mphazamise ngenye indlela, imisebenzi enempilo lapho kuvela isifiso. Zama umdlalo webhodi, ukusikhipha, noma ukuhamba epakini.
- Gcina izitsha ze-candy ezigcwele ukudla okulula okunempilo ukuvimbela lezo zifiso ezicasulayo.
Gwema imikhiqizo emihle kakhulu
Imikhiqizo yobuhle equkethe ama-scent asindayo, afana namakha, izinwele, izinwele, kanye ne-after-shaves, unike iphunga elinamandla elingakhuthaza kakhulu ukuhamba komoya wakho omthandayo, okwenza izimpawu ze-COPD zibe zimbi nakakhulu.
Uma uhamba nomngane wakho othandekayo, kungcono ukuya ku-nature.
Ngendlela efanayo, imfucumfucu evela kwamakhemikhali ahlukumezayo ingadala kakhulu i-COPD futhi ikhulise izimpawu. Sebenzisa kuphela imikhiqizo yokuhlanza engeyona enobuthi uma uhlanza ikhaya lakho, ungakhohlwa ukuhlinzeka nge-ventilation eyanele.
Yazi Okufanele Ukwenze Ngesikhathi Isikhathi Esiphuthumayo
Ukukhushulwa kwe-COPD yisizathu esisodwa sokuthi abantu abaneCOPD bafuna ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo futhi bangeniswa esibhedlela. Ukukhushulwa kwe-COPD kuvame ukuhambisana nezimpawu ezinzima njengokuphefumula, okuthiwa i- dyspnea , nokukhwehlela. Gcina uhlu lwezinombolo zokuxhumana eziphuthumayo efonini yakho bese uqinisekisa ukuthi wazi ukuthi ungabona kanjani izimo eziphuthumayo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke. Kungasiza ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho othandekayo mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze.
Khuthaza ukuzivocavoca njalo
Abantu abane-COPD bazozizwa bengcono-futhi bahlale benamandla- nokuvivinya umzimba njalo . Uma izimpawu ze-COPD zenza kube nzima ukuzivocavoca, khuthaza indlela yokuzivocavoca ehlanganisa ukuqala kancane : imizuzu emi-3 ukuya kwemihlanu ngesikhathi esisodwa ngosuku, ukusebenza kuze kube yisikhathi eside. Yiqiniso, isikhuthazo esingcono kakhulu ongasinikeza othandekayo wakho ukusebenzisana kanye naye.
Lungisa Ukudla Okunempilo nokudla okulula
Abantu abaneCOPD badinga ukudla okunempilo, okunomsoco ukuze balondoloze amandla okwanele okuphefumula futhi baqede imisebenzi yabo yokuphila kwansuku zonke.
Bamba izithelo nemifino esisha , unciphise ukudla okubomvu nokudla okucutshungulwayo, khetha ezinye izithombo zamaprotheni njengamantongomane nembewu, futhi ucabange ukuthenga i-juicer ukuze uthole ukudla okulula okunempilo. Ukubuyela endleleni okhokho bethu badla kuyisihluthulelo sokuphila isikhathi eside futhi bazizwa kahle ngeCOPD.
Ukukhuthaza Ukugcinwa Kwamandla
I-COPD idonsa umuntu obalulekile, ishiye kakhulu kakhulu izidingo ezifana nokuphefumula nokudla. Ukongiwa kwamandla yingxenye ebalulekile yokulawulwa kwezifo ongakhuthaza ngezindlela eziningi, kubandakanya:
- Hlela izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu othandekayo wakho ukuba abe endaweni engaphansi.
- Hlela izinto emashalofini ukuba zibe ubude bezingalo ukuze othandekayo wakho angafanelanga ukuwafinyelela.
- Beka isihlalo sokugeza eshaweni.
Sebenzisa i-Fan noma Air Conditioner
Abanye abantu abaneCOPD bathola ukuthi umshayeli oshaya ngqo ebusweni babo, noma umshini wokumisa emoyeni uqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo, ubasiza ukuba baphefumule kalula. Uma lokhu kuyiqiniso kumthandekayo wakho, zama ukubeka i-thermostat ekushiseni okunethezeka, okupholile wonke umuntu endlini. Uma uthola ukuthi ungakhululekile endaweni epholile, bundlela phezulu ngezingubo ezengeziwe noma i-sweater ngenkathi usendlini.
Thuthukisa i-Air yakho yangaphakathi
Uyazi ukuthi umoya wangaphakathi ngezinye izikhathi ungcolile kunomoya wangaphandle? Ukungcoliswa komoya emoyeni kungabangela izimpawu futhi kubi kakhulu i-COPD. Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomoya wakho wangaphakathi kuzosiza ukugcina umoya nomndeni wakho uphefumle uhlanzekile futhi unempilo.
Usizo Ukusakaza Ukuqwashisa kwe-COPD
I-COPD iyimbangela yesithathu yokufa e-United States, ngemuva kwesifo senhliziyo kuphela nomdlavuza, kodwa kuyamangalisa ukuthi abantu abancane bazi kanjani ngakho. Futhi isifo esizungezwe inkolelo-mbono kanye nezinkolelo ezitholwa ngokungazi. Siza ukwandisa ukuqwashisa kwe-COPD ngokusabalalisa igama mayelana nezimbangela , izimpawu , ukuxilongwa , ukwelashwa nokuvimbela. Nazi ezinye izindlela ongazenza ingxenye yakho:
- Vakashela usuku lwe-World COPD ku-Facebook.
- Phrinta ithuluzi lokuzihlola le- COPD . Yinike kunoma ngubani onobungozi besifo .
- Thumela i-e-card ye-COPD yamahhala, exhaswe yi-National Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute.
Ukuphela Kwezinkinga Zokuphila
Uma ukholelwa ukuthi ukufa komuntu wakho othandekayo kusondela, sekuyisikhathi sokubhekana nokubhekana nokuphela kokubhekana nokuphila kwakhe. Lokhu kungaba nzima ukuphatha, ikakhulukazi uma ubhekene nesifo esingapheli, esilimazayo njengoCOPD. Ngenxa yalokhu, wena nomndeni wakho ningase nifune ukucabangela ukubhalisa usizo lwe- hospice ukukuqondisa ngalesi sikhathi.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhethe noma ungakhethi esibhedlela, uma othandekayo wakho efa, cishe unemibuzo eminingi mayelana nokuthi unganikeza induduzo nokwesekwa okwanele ezinsukwini zakhe zokugcina. Nazi ezinye izindlela zokusiza.
Ukuphatha Izimpawu
Ukuphathwa kwesimiso kungenye yezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ekupheleni kokunakekelwa kokuphila ngoba izimpawu ze-COPD zivame ukonakala esikhathini sokugcina. Izimpawu ezivamile ezihlobene nokuphela kokuphila kanye ne-COPD zihlanganisa ukuwohloka kwe- dyspnea nokukhwehlela , ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukukhathazeka nokucindezeleka, ukudideka, i-anorexia, nokulondoloza isikhashana, isimo esichazwe ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo, ukuhlukunyezwa kwesisindo, nokukhathala.
I-Dyspnea nokukhathazeka kuye kwabikwa njengempawu ezinzima kakhulu ze-COPD ezihlobene nokuphela kokuphila. Ukulawula lezi zimpawu kuhilela ukuhlolwa okucophelela nokwelashwa, okungcono ngumhlengikazi wakho wokubeletha, usebenzisa inhlanganisela yemithi kanye nokungenelela okuhlobene nemithi okungase kuhlanganise nemithi efana nalokhu:
- Ama-bronchodilators ukunciphisa i-dyspnea
- I-Diuretics, uma ukugcinwa oketshezi ngenxa yezinkinga zezinhliziyo ezihlobene kubiza i-dyspnea
- Izidakamizwa ze-opioid, okungcono ezithathwe ngomlomo noma nge-buccally (phakathi kwehlathi kanye nezinsini)
- Ukwelashwa kwe-oksijeni , okusetshenziselwa ngokucophelela futhi uma kubonisiwe
- I-glucocorticoids njengoba imiphumela emibi yecala lezidakamizwa ayisekho ukucubungula ngalesi sigaba
- Benzodiazepines for relief of ukukhathazeka
- I-Thorazine yokuhlukumeza okukhulu
Ukungenelela okuhlobene nemithi yokuphatha i-dyspnea ongayisebenzisa ngokwakho noma ukusiza othandekayo wakho ngokufaka:
- Ukuphakamisa ikhanda lombhede wakho omthandayo okungenani ama-degrees angu-30
- Uthando omnene oluqondisa ubuso bomuntu obathandayo
- Ukuphefumula kwe-lip-lip
- Izindlela zokuphumula nezindlela zokubukwa
- Massage yokwelapha
- Ukuphathwa komculo ngezinsimbi eziphilayo, i-CD, noma umsakazo
Ukulawula ubuhlungu
Ukulawula ubuhlungu kuyinkinga ngezigaba zokugcina zokuphila ne-COPD futhi yonke imizamo kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kunciphise ubuhlungu. Imithi yokuhlunguphazwa kufanele inikezwe nxazonke-iwashi ukugwema ukucindezela ubuhlungu ngenxa yemithi egqoke noma ukubambezeleka ekuphathweni.
Ama-Expectorants kanye nama- mucolytics enza kancane ukunciphisa ukukhwehlela ngezigaba zokugcina ze-COPD. Ezinye izindlela zingase zinikeze usizo olusebenzayo lokukhwehlela, njenge:
- I-oksijini evuthayo, i-humidified noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-humidifier ekamelweni.
- I-opioids, efana ne-codeine noma i-morphine, ethathwe ngomlomo.
- I-lidocaine ye-Nebulized, okuyinto uma isetshenziswe, isho ukuthi othandekayo wakho akufanele adle okungenani imizuzu engama-30 emva kokuphatha ngenxa yengozi yokufisa.
Qinisekisa ukuthi ukhuluma nomhlengikazi omthandayo we-hospice mayelana nanoma yiziphi izindlela zokwelashwa.
Ukwenqaba Ukudla
Kunzima ukubukela umuntu omthandayo enqaba ukungondliwa kokuphila, kepha lokhu kuyisifo esivamile kakhulu phakathi kweziguli ezifa. Eqinisweni, ezinsukwini ezintathu zokugcina ngaphambi kokufa, iziguli eziningi azikwazi ukudla.
Kunconywa, Nokho, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okunye okungekho okwenzela ekulahlekelweni kwesidlo, njengamazinyo omzimba okuxekethile, izilonda emlonyeni, i-thrush yomlomo, ubuhlungu noma isicanucanu. Nazi ezinye iziphakamiso mayelana nokudla kanye nokuhlanza ekupheleni kokuphila:
- Uma othandekayo wakho engathandi ukuzidla, ungamcindezeli ukuba adle.
- Ukunikela ukudla akuthandayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona okunomsoco. Uma efuna i-ayisikhilimu yekusasa, mnike yona.
- Cabanga nge-tube ye-tube yokudla uma lokhu okuthandwa ngumuntu wakho othandekayo.
- Nikeza ukunakekelwa njalo ngomlomo usebenzisa umswakama swabs kanye ne-ice chips ukugwema izimo zomlomo ezihlobene nokudambiswa kwamanzi.
Ukudideka
Uma isiguli se-COPD siphelile, kunezinto eziningi ezingabangela ukudideka, kuhlanganise:
- Imithi
- I-Hypoxia
- Ubuhlungu obungalawulwayo
- Ukungabi nokulala
- Ukugcinwa kwe-Urinary
- Ukungalingani okungokwemvelo
Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqondiswe kumbangela uma kungenqunywa. Isibonelo, uma imbangela ebangela ukudideka yi-hypoxemia, ukungabi khona kwe-oksijeni egazini, khona-ke ukuphefumula oksijini kungasetshenziswa ukuyilungisa. Uma kuhlobene nokugcinwa kwamamori, ungaxoxa nge-Foley catheter placement nomhlengikazi wakho wokubeletha.
Ukucindezeleka
Ukuphela kokuphila komuntu kungaba yisikhathi sokuzindla ngokujulile kokubili isiguli nomndeni. Kungaba yisikhathi sokudabuka okukhulu. Ukubamba isandla somuntu obathandayo futhi ukulalela kunganikeza induduzo engakwazi ukuyenza. Qinisekisa ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi izidingo ezingokomoya okuthandwa ngumuntu wakho othandekayo. Ungase ufune ngisho nokubuza umfundisi, umfundisi, noma umeluleki ukusiza. Khuthaza othandekayo wakho ukuthi akhulume ngemizwa yakhe futhi akwazi ukuxazulula izinkinga ezingaxazululwa ngokukhululekile nangenkululeko.
Lapho Ukufa Kuseduze
Lapho ukufa kuseduze, umzimba uqala ukuvala. Ukubonakaliswa kwalokhu kungabandakanya:
- Ukulala ngokwanele
- Ukudideka nokwanda okukhulu
- Imibono kanye nama-hallucinations
- Ukungaphenduli kanye / noma ukungazi
- Nciphisa intshisekelo ekudleni noma emanzini
- Ukuhoxiswa kwabanye
- Ukuhluleka ukulawula amabilisi kanye / noma isambiso
- Yehlisa izinga lokushisa komzimba; isikhumba sizwa kubanda ku-touch
- Umcibisholo obumnyama, ogqamile; ukwehla emkhatsini we-urine
- Ubuhlungu obandayo, obungalawuleki
- Amaphethini wokuphefumula okungavamile
- Ukugubha noma ezinye izingoma eziphazamisayo zizwakala lapho ziphefumula
- Ukunyakaza okungenhloso
- Izinguquko ekucindezelweni kwegazi, ukuphefumula, nokushaya kwenhliziyo
- Ukulahlekelwa kokucabanga
Ngemuva kokufa
Ngemuva kokuba othandekayo wakho edlulile, ngokuqinisekile uyozizwa unemizwa ehlukahlukene exubile ukukhululeka, ukuthukuthela, nokudabuka okukhulu. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi lokhu kuyindlela evamile yokusabela kanye nengxenye yenqubo yokulila. Unganqikazi ukufuna ukwesekwa. Kunezinsiza eziningi ezingakusiza ukuba ubhekane nosizi lwakho futhi, ngokuhamba kwakho, qhubeka phambili nokuphila kwakho.
> Imithombo:
> Curtis JR. Ukunakekelwa Kwamaphilisi Nokuphela Kwokuphila Kweziguli Eziphethe I-COPD Ecebile. Journal European Respiratory Journal . September 2008; 32 (3): 796-803. i-doi: 10.1183 / 09031936.00126107.
> I-Mayo Clinic. I-COPD: Ukuxilongwa Nokuphathwa. Abasebenzi beMayo Clinic. Kubuyekezwe u-Agasti 11, 2017.
> I-Spathis A, i-Booth S. End of Life Care kwi-Chronicle Obstructive Disease Pulmonary: In Search of Death Good. I-International Journal ye-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease . 2008; 3 (1): 11-29. i-doi: 10.2147 / i-COPD.S698.