Imfundo nokuzihlola Ziyizinyathelo Zokuqala
Naphezu kwentuthuko ekuvimbeleni nasekwelashweni kwe-HIV, isithunzi se-HIV silokhu sikhululeka, sithinta abaningi kulabo abaphila nalesi sifo. Kakhulu kakhulu ukwesaba ukucwaswa ukuthi ngokuvamile kubonakala sengathi kuhamba ngokubhekene nokuqwashiswa komphakathi. Kwabanye, kulula kakhulu ukugwema ukuhlola i-HIV , isibonelo, kunokubeka engozini ekuvezeni ukucwaswa noma ukungavunyelwa.
Ukuzama ukunciphisa le nkwesaba, noma ngisho nokuyibeka phansi, akuhluleki ukucabangela izintambo eziyinkimbinkimbi zombili eziqala futhi ziqhubekisele phambili inhlamba.
Imiphakathi ye-HIV Stigma
Ngenkathi izinga lempilo liye lathuthuka kakhulu kubantu abane-HIV eminyakeni engu-30 eyedlule, izithiyo eziningi zenhlalo nezengqondo zihlala.
Ekugcineni, i-HIV ayifani nanoma yisiphi esinye isifo, okungenani hhayi ngendlela umphakathi owazi ngayo. Yini ehlukanisa nezinye izifo ezifana nomdlavuza noma isifo senhliziyo yukuthi, njengesifo esithathelanayo, labo abanesifo esithintekayo bavame ukubonakala njengama-vectors for transmission. I-blame ivame ukunikezwa, hhayi nje kuphela kumuntu onegciwane kodwa kubantu bonke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bayingqingili, ukujova abasebenzisi bezidakamizwa , noma abantu bombala.
Ngaphambi kokuba ingculaza iqale ekuqaleni kwama-80s, eziningi zala maqembu zase zivele zinyanyiswa, zibhalwe ngabanye ngokuthi zingcolile noma zingenacala.
Ngesikhathi isiqhuma sokuqala sesifo sifinyelela, ukusabalalisa okusheshayo kwesifo ngokusebenzisa le miphakathi kwasiza kuphela ekuqiniseni izinkolelo ezimbi. Ngenxa yalokho, abantu abasengozini enkulu yegciwane lesandulela ngculaza babevame ukuthunyelwa ekufihla, mhlawumbe ngokwesaba ukushiywa, ukucwaswa noma ukuhlukunyezwa.
Ukunganakwa ngobulili kudlala indima enkulu ekugandeleni i-HIV.
Ngisho nakweminye imikhuba eqhubekayo, ubulili buvame ukuvusa ukukhathazeka okukhulu noma ukuhlazeka, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlobene nobungqingili, abesifazane abesilisa ocansini , noma ubulili phakathi kwentsha .
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, okubizwa kanjalo ngokuthi "ukudalulwa kwesibili" ("Uwutholile kanjani?") Kuvimbela abaningi ukuba bangene phambili lapho besabhekene nokwesaba okunjengokwamukela isimo, ukudalula inkinga yezidakamizwa, noma ukuphuma mayelana ubulili bomuntu. Imithetho yobugebengu ye-HIV eminengi ithi isebenzela ukuqinisa lezi zwesaba, ukuxosha abantu abane-HIV ngokuthi "bayasolwa" ngenkathi bephakamisa ukuthi labo abangaphandle "bangaboshwa."
Zonke lezi zinkinga azikwazi ukusiza kodwa zifaka isandla ekuzizweni kwezinsolo, zombili zangempela futhi ezibonakalayo, futhi zingase zichaze ukuthi kungani ama-20% wabantu baseMelika abaphila negciwane lesandulela ngculaza behlala bengagqithwanga ngokuphelele.
Ukunqoba i-HIV Stigma
Ukufunda ukunqoba inhlamba ye-HIV akuyona into elula ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kudinga izinga lokuzicabangela, kanye nokuhlola okuthembekile kwezinkolelo zakho nezinkolelo zakho siqu. Enye yezinhloso ukuqonda ukuthi yikuphi ukwesaba kwakho okubonwayo (ngokusekelwe esimweni sengqondo noma ekuboneni) futhi okwenziwe (ngokusekelwe ekuhlangenwe nakho kwangempela).
Ngokuhlukanisa lababili, uzobe uhlomele kangcono ukubeka isu ukuze unganqobe ukwesaba kwakho kuphela kodwa uzivikele kangcono kunokwenzeka, izenzo zangempela zokubandlulula noma ukuhlukunyezwa.
Ekugcineni, ukunqoba inhlamba akuyona isinqumo kakhulu njengenqubo, okuthatha isikhathi nokubekezela. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungabi yedwa. Ukuhlanganyela ukwesaba kwakho nabanye kungenza izinto zibe nombono ongcono, zikunike ibhodi ezwakalayo kunokuzihlukanisa emicabangweni yakho ejulile, emnyama kakhulu.
Nazi amathiphu ambalwa okuzoqala ngawo:
- Okokuqala, zama ukususa icala kusuka kunoma iyiphi ingxoxo ongase ube nayo. Khumbuza ukuthi i-HIV yisifo hhayi umphumela wokuziphatha.
- Okulandelayo, zifundise nge-HIV usebenzisa izinto zokubhekisela zekhwalithi. Izinhlangano ezisekelwe emphakathini ziyimithombo emikhulu yalokhu, inikeza izincwajana nezincwajana ezingabhaliwe kuphela futhi zilotshwe ngokucacile, kepha ngokuvamile zihambisana nemvelo
- Uma wesaba ukuvulela umuntu owaziyo, qala ngokubiza i- hotline ye-AIDS . Amaholide ngokuvamile angakusiza kumaqembu asekela noma abacebisi ongakhuluma nabo ngokukhululekile nangokuyimfihlo.
- Qonda amalungelo akho ngaphansi komthetho. Izinhlangano ezisuka emphakathini zingavame ukukuxhumanisa nezinsizakalo zomthetho ukukusiza uma ubhekene nokucwaswa emsebenzini, ezindlini, noma nabahlinzeki bezempilo.
- Uma unquma ukuthola ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV , xoxisana nanoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka okuyimfihlo okungenzeka ube nakho nodokotela noma umtholampilo wakho. Ukushiya noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka okungaxhunyiwe kuzofaka nje ekukhathazeni kwakho.
- Izibhedlela eziningi nemitholampilo namuhla zinikeza izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kulabo abaphila negciwane lesandulela ngculaza, kubandakanya amaqembu okusekela, izinsizakalo zomndeni, izinhlelo zokwelapha izidakamizwa, kanye nokululekwa kwempilo yengqondo.
- Uma usulungele ukukhuluma nabangani noma umndeni, thatha isikhathi ukuzilungiselela. Cabangela konke ukusabela okungenzeka kanye nezindlela ongase uziphathe ngazo. Zama ukwenza kusengaphambili ukuthi ungaphendula kanjani imibuzo enjengokuthi, "Uyithole kanjani?" noma "Usebenzise ikhondomu?"
- Okubaluleke nakakhulu mhlawumbe, yamukela ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi abantu bayabuza imibuzo engacabangi futhi engenangqondo. Zama ukungabi nokuzivikela kakhulu. Khumbuza ukuthi kungcono ukukhombisa ukwesaba kwabo nokuthi baqhubeka nenqubo, futhi. Uma ungakwazi, sebenzisa njengethuba lokufundisa nokukhanyisa. Ungase umangale ukuthi abantu abancane bazi kanjani ngesifo. Banike inzuzo yokungabaza.
- Futhi ekugcineni, uma uhlangabezana nokucindezeleka isikhathi eside noma ukukhathazeka, noma unenkinga yokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa, funa usizo lochwepheshe. Buza udokotela wakho ngokudlulisela phambili noma ukhulume nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Ungayifuni yedwa uma ungadingeki. Kukhona usizo.
Imithombo:
I-Pulerwitz, i-J .; Michaelis, A .; Weiss, E .; et al. "Ukunciphisa i-Stigma ehlobene ne-HIV: Izifundo ezifundwa eHozerons and Programs." Imibiko Yempilo Yomphakathi. Mar-Apri2010, 25 (2): 272-281.
I-Maharan, A .; Sayles, J .; I-Patel, i-V .; et al. "Ukuhlaselwa yisifo se-HIV / AIDS: ukubuyekezwa kwezincwadi nezincomo zendlela eya phambili." AIDS. Agasti 2008; 22 (Suppl 2): S67-S79.